NAME: BASA, MIKHA ELLA G.

DATE: SEPTEMBER 9, 2022

SUBJECT: GED 102
SECTION: BM1-A1
ASSIGNMENT 1: PAST LEARNINGS ABOUT THE HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINES

In today's time, the Philippines is known as the world's third largest English-speaking
nation. Throughout history, the Filipinos have had the mishap with being "conquered" four times.
Throughout history, it has triumphed over enslavement, oppression, imperialism, and other
calamities. Furthermore, despite colonization, the Philippines have a rich narrative integrating
Asian, European, and American poignant impacts not only within the country's culture and
heritage but also within the lives of the people that will forever be marked by each and every
colonization profound consequences.

Within the arrival of the Spaniards in the 16th century, the Filipinos had quite a rich value
system and had been in trading business between other nations. Luckily after seven centuries
and 300 revolts, the Filipinos, led by leaders such as Jose Rizal and Andres Bonifacio, won the
nation's sovereignty. A thriving history has left its imprint throughout the Philippines in a plethora
of ways that tourists within our home nation are openly exploring to learn. A mere book
depiction of a historic figure could transform into reality when you actually visit the location
where the events occurred. Whereas, the Philippine lineage and genealogy, on the other hand,
can be deeply perceived not solely through school books, as well as in actual sightseeing within
beautiful historic ancient landmarks throughout the Philippines.
NAME: BASA, MIKHA ELLA G.
DATE: SEPTEMBER 22, 2022
SUBJECT: GED 102
SECTION: BM1-A1
ASSIGNMENT 2

The Philippines is considered as one of the most popular asian tourist countries in the world.
Foreigners are eager to explore the wonders of our country, as we have a variety of things to
offer within the table that includes ancient historical events and culture, hidden gem paradises,
delicate foods and cuisines and the very best hospitality of Filipinos. As we explore the
Philippines, these are my top 10 tourist spot suggestions that will help you map out your plan
vacation in the Philippines.

1. Siargao/Surigao del Norte and Sur To Unwind and find Serenity

- Having the urge to disconnect within the city life? Well siargao is the perfect place for
you to have your sweet escape. This place is known for having white sand beaches,
picturesque islands, blue-green waters perfect for snorkeling and diving, waterfalls,
lagoons, and caves. Which is a terrific place to distress yourself and find peace at
sometime. (also considered as the best surfing spot by surfers)

2. Manila for Sightseeing and Culture

- Manila is the Philippines' capital and the ideal location for learning about the country's
cultural heritage. The National Museum of the Philippines is a great place to start, as are
other places in Manila such as Rizal Park, Fort Santiago, Intramuros City, and so on. Will
undoubtedly provide complete city history.

3. Boracay for Water Sports and Nightlife

- Do you want to know where to go for a good time at night? Then Boracay is the best
place to let loose your inner party animal. This location isn't only recognized for its
off-the-beaten-path vacation spot, but it is also a popular vacation destination with boat
rentals, parasailing adventures, and scuba diving lessons. This place also has a great
vibe if you want to quaff some drink while admiring the scenic beauty or get up and
dance.

4. Cordilleras for Mountains

- hiking paths? The Cordillera region is the place to be. The Philippines not only has the
best beaches, but it also has extraordinary mountains where you can let your
adventurous hiking spirit run wild. The Cordillera is a mountainous region with
picturesque scenery that is ideal for hiking to treks for sweeping views. Baguio, Banaue,
and Sagada are popular tourist destinations in the area.
5. Quirino for Outdoor Adventure
- This is a great place to go for spelunking, mountain biking, hiking, and kayaking on the
Cagayan River. Quirino is a very underrated place in the Philippines.

6. Baguio for chill relaxation

- Finding a perfect place for a cold holiday? Then Baguio is the best place to chill.
Despite the cold weather, It has numerous places to explore like strawberry farm, the
mansion, mine’s view park, botanical garden and others.

7. Vigan City for esthetic ambiance

- Vigan city is known for its historical artifacts influenced by the late spanish colonization.
History exploring is the best thing to do here where you can go to churches, ancient
houses and try on delicious cuisines.

8. El Nido, Palawan for Bliss

- Right next to the other stunning beaches in the Philippines. Palawan is also one of the
most beautiful beach places you can crush on for a vacation. This island is known for
having mysterious water wonders including caves, lagoons, lakes and others that you
can explore in summer.

9. Tagaytay for a cup of coffee

- craving for a cup of coffee? Tagaytay is the perfect place to have your perfect
breakfast. Tagaytay is the best place to just sit down and relax, enjoy its quiet
atmosphere as you look within the stunning overlooking view.

10. Batanes for greenery

- Here as the main island of Batanes in the Northern Philippines, this destination allows
tourists to see the nation's majestic and pure tranquility. Batan Island is known for its
numerous passive and dormant volcanoes, which are responsible for the island's
verdant and mountainous regions.
NAME: BASA, MIKHA ELLA G.
DATE: SEPTEMBER 30, 2022
SUBJECT: GED 102
SECTION: BM1-A1
ASSIGNMENT 3

The Filipinos' culture and characteristics are extremely diverse. That's prior to our
homeland's delightful range of diverse regions. Its values define the complexities of the Country'
antiquity as a result of the amalgamation of ancient civilisations. Spain, USA, Japan, China,
India, and the Arabs are among the nations that have influenced our lives and living standards.
The aspects of these regions are very noticeable practices until today's time. This became a
part of our country's traits and tradition that molded our authenticity and individuality of Filipinos.

Moreover, it is true that many foreign people love Filipinos not solely for its culture and
tourist sites, but also the centrality of the people towards tourists. These one of a kind
characteristics is what attracts foreigners to visit and come back to our beloved country. The
positive traits mention within the given article are all related as I a Filipino citizen experience and
accustomed with the practiced traits this includes going to churches on every sunday, eating all
together within meals, celebrate various occasions, using "Mano", "Po" and "Opo" as a sign of
respect to elderly people and etc. Furthermore, I think that hospitality is one of our very known
characteristics because nothing can beat the nurturing, caring and heart warming behavior of
Filipinos. Additionally, "Bayanihan" is also a great quality of Filipinos, no matter what state you're
in or how much you can give when someone needs help, Filipinos are never reluctant to aid with
what you need. Thus, Filipinos never fail to show smiles even in tough times.

However, with all great positivity comes negativity because everything acquires the other
side of the coin that contains the bad things to balance out the platform. The article mentioned
numerous negative traits that Filipinos have which I cannot rebut as at some point those
negative traits can really be seen within our country. Fatalism and crab mentality are commonly
considered and accepted behavior within the society, I think this is due to the natural hostile and
corrupt attitude that we have, but I guarantee that not all Filipinos acquire this negativity. The
article was like a memory refresher to me, as it reminded me of what we are and what embodies
our individuality as a Filipino citizen.
NAME: BASA, MIKHA ELLA G.
DATE: DECEMBER 21, 2022
SUBJECT: GED 102
SECTION: BM1-A1
QUIZ 1

1. How did the Americans colonize the Philippines ?

Commodore Dewey appeared in Manila in May 1898 to decimate the Spanish battle
group during Usa's battle against Spain, something that occurred as a consequence of the
United States' consideration concerning circumstances in Cuba. The daring venture was a
smashing success. Initially, the Filipinos greatly assisted the Americans in their attempt to
cleanse the archipelago of Spain, asserting in order to ensure one‘s own liberty.

The United States drove rigorous control of the Island from Espana further with terms of
the Treaty of Paris in December 1898 as well as its conditions upon fierce dispute just by one
electorate in the United States State legislature on February 6, 1899. Numerous Filipinos
objected to the novel US involvement after secession among more than 300 years of Spanish
imperialist regime on June 12, 1898, as well as instituting a Monarchy with Aguinaldo as head of
state on January 23, 1899. Hostilities among both locals and Americans eventually erupted into
violent rebellion.

Filipinos seem to have been woefully underprepared for quite a democratic governance
due to a paucity of knowledge and diplomatic teaching. The Philippine-American dispute lasted
from February 1899 to July 4, 1902, until the United States gained ground. American troops
fought alongside Filipino revolutionaries for regulation. Figureheads in the Philippines feel
alienated. Through one‘s perception, America had indeed employed them and their own
weapons to push out all the Spaniards and was already ready to take their spot.

2. Discuss the 2 Philippine Commissions

The Schurman Commission

- On January 20, 1899, Mckinley created the First Philippine Commission, a 5 panel led
by Dr. Jacob Schurman, president of Cornell University, and including Admiral Dewey and
General Otis, will evaluate circumstances in the archipelago and provide suggestions. The
trustees recognized Filipino hopes and dreams for freedom, but proclaimed that the country
really wasn't equipped for this. Concrete suggestions involved establishing authoritarian regime
as right away along with the formation of a legislature, automated authorities there at local and
provincial tiers, as well as a framework of gratis general primary schools.
The Taft Commission

On March 16, 1900, McKinley ordained the Second Philippine Commission, that was led
by William Howard Taft, and which was given parliamentary along with constrained executive
authority. It passed 500 ordinances respectively in September 1900 and August 1902. A legal
review, besides a Federal Courts, was formed, and a code of law was drafted to substitute
outmoded Spanish provisions of the act. A constitutional service was created. The 1901 city
ordinance founded city and county forums with democratically chosen heads of state, political
appointees, and city councils. Representatives of the city and county board are all in charge of
levying taxes, managing state and city assets, and carrying out requisite infrastructure ventures.

3. Differentiate Harrison and Wood administration in the Philippines .

Wood Administration

Throughout the Philippine-American War, he led the Philippine Partition. Wood's role and
responsibility grew all through his tenure as County executive of Moro Province (1903-1906), at
which Filipinos fought valiantly sporadically against American forces. Even though Wood
outlawed serfdom and enhanced Moro's industries, facilities, and plague inhabitants, he has
been harshly mocked for overenthusiastic punitive action of wrongdoings as well as the
mortality rates of Moro citizens throughout the battle at Bud Dajo. Roosevelt was elected
president in 1901, and Wood maintained frequent relations with Roosevelt further about
Philippine dilemmas.

Harrison Administration

Woodrow Wilson ordained liberal Francis B. Harrison as majority leader of the

Philippines in 1913. Harrison was persuaded that giving Filipinos as much freedom as potential
in handling their domestic matters had been the easiest way to prepare them for secession. The
journey of the Old Law in 1916, one that declared the United States' willingness to confer
Philippine freedom, bolstered Harrison's strategy of displacing Americans in the Philippine
public sector with Filipinos.
NAME: BASA, MIKHA ELLA G.
DATE: DECEMBER 21, 2022
SUBJECT: GED 102
SECTION: BM1-A1
QUIZ 2

1. What was the Independence Mission all about ? Was it necessary to create these
missions? Explain .

In response to the desires of the Filipino people, the Philippine Legislature dispatched a
special objective towards this nation revealing a statement of pleasant free choice, reverence,
and appreciation mostly from individuals of the Philippine Islands towards the Administration
and citizens of the United States. This purpose is sincerely and comprehensively symbolic. It is
made up of men from all ethnic backgrounds in the Philippines. The Congress Enacted
legislation in 1916.

1. Differentiate Hare - Hawes - Cutting Act from Tydings - Mcduffie Law.

The Quest OsRox backs the Hare - Hawes - Cutting Law. It implies that Americans will
grant the Filipino sovereignty amid ten years of transitional administration. Manuel Roxas' goal
has been the Tydings - McDuffie Law. The very first legal system "Hare - Hawes - Cutting" is
essentially identical. This even affirms that perhaps a switchover authority will remain in place
for ten years. There are certain latest regulations inside this jurisdiction regarding the
establishment of an American armed forces base within the nation.

2. State the significant contributions of the Commonwealth Government .

Through the establishment of the Commonwealth of the Philippines on November 15,

1935, the Filipino individuals made the final move toward freedom. The Commonwealth's
government distinguishes itself from any other unitary state operating underneath the American
monument. It is exceptional between completely reliant in terms of prestige and potential, and
there is no guideline in the outer community. The Commonwealth represented the conclusion of
initiatives aimed at establishing a firm timeline for such revocation of American territorial integrity
through the Country.
NAME: BASA, MIKHA ELLA G.
DATE: DECEMBER 21, 2022
SUBJECT: GED 102
SECTION: BM1-A1
QUIZ 3

1. What were the implications of the American colonization in the Philippines ?

Under colonization, the Philippines had endless implications that were adopted from the
United states in terms of Governance, livelihood, Religion, Transportation, Social structure, etc
that stir the native lives of Filipinos. In governance the country adopted partisan politics where
there was democracy on choosing who would be the head leaders of our country. Amercans
also freed Filipinos from forceful conversion of religions and adopted the Roman Catholic and
other religions, they also introduced education and established schools in order for our people
to learn to be literate in knowledge, even in culture they have influenced us in ways behavioral
and physical. Thus, until now this implication had become part not only to our history but
customly to our lives.

2. Discuss the coming of the Japanese in the Philippines. What happened to the country when
the Japanese occupied the Philippines ?

On this day 77 decades previously, Dec. 8, Japanese armies swept into the Philippines
in a massive assault on military bases in Luzon, just hours after the bombardment of Pearl
Harbor in Oahu, sparking World War II. in the Ocean. On January 2, 1942, American and
Filipino troops were caught unaware and compelled to retreat to Bataan as well as the group of
islands of Corregidor, north of Manila. The territories of Leyte and Mindoro had been managed
to clear of Japanese soldiers only till December 1944.

3. How did the Japanese period end? Cite the post-war problems of the Philippines. How did
the Philippines solve these problems?

General Douglas MacArthur ended the Japanese reign within our country. The Japanese
conceded to Commander Douglas MacArthur on the platform of an American navy ship,
Missouri on 2 September 1945, in an effort to settle World War II. Rebel groups rise all over for
the ultimate counterattack. War raged through until Japan's structured capitulation on
September 2, 1945. Even by war's end, the Country had experienced severe human and bodily
decline. That also appears to have achieved MacArthur's "I Shall Return" pledge with its own
eagerness to dispute liberty for the Philippines.
NAME: BASA, MIKHA ELLA G.
DATE: NOVEMBER 9, 2022
SECTION: BM1-A1
SUBJECT: GED 102
MIDTERMS – TEST ANSWERS

1. Why is the Philippines strategically located? Give 3 reasons and explain.

- it is strategically located;
A. You may use the Philippines as a springboard to conquer neighboring nations.
B. the Philippines is in between or in the center of the utmost popular nations.
C. The Philippines is also considered as a famous "trade route center". Since many ships
and airline routes halt the country.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Denmark (2022), in their article named “Philippines as a
Promising Market”, stated that “Strategic Business Location - The Philippines, located in the
heart of Asia, has emerged as an investment hub and a favorable base for Asia-Pacific
expansion programs. It is located within an average 4 hours flying time from major capitals of
the region and is a critical entry point to over 500 million people in the ASEAN Market.”

Likewise, the nation's stance is illustrated through how the Spanish exploited the archipelago
as a trading station or the Americans as a kind of a navy base. It is indeed crucial in terms of its
surroundings. Despite the influx of migrants from its neighboring countries (Pacific, the Arab
World, India, and China) the nation is well-versed in diverse cultures and exchanges. The
reasons for the strategic location of the Philippines may perhaps be more visible within the past.
Contrary, due to its advantageous location, the Philippines is a perfect shelter for financial
growth and economic prospects, in addition to a wonderful region to reside and settle.

2. Explain why the early Filipinos were civilized.

- Based on the lecture, it is tackled that the early Filipinos are indeed civilized way before
the Spanish Colonization. How? In terms of the custom living and culture of the ancient people.
Early Filipinos are discovered to have established its own government and laws for its people to
obey, the trading business is used as a living matter, utilization of gold as currency of trading,
the capability of writing (ancient writing), and most importantly the classification of social classes
within the old society. These small portions of details entail the evident reason to the civilized
manner of early Filipinos, the established tradition in the society to work as a civilization came
from the minds of the Early Filipinos even before the influential and colonization phase of its
neighboring nations.
3. In chronological order discuss the Spanish expeditions to the Philippines. Site their
contributions/ or achievements

- The Spanish Expedition within the Philippines was composed of famous men from Spain
named “Ferdinand Magellan”, “Juan Sebastian de Elcano”, “Ruy Lopez de Villalobos”, and”
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi”. The first was the Magellan expedition which was obviously led by
Ferdinand Magellan. A Portuguese inside the command of the Spanish monarch was exploring
for a western path to Indonesia's Spice Trade. Magellan's voyage arrived on Homonhon island
located in the Philippines on March 16, 1521. These achievements were “he was the islands'
first European visitor and the inflector of Christianity to the country, also the discovery of the
trade spices”. This voyage, nevertheless, was regarded as significant since it was the first
attempt to traverse the globe and proved that the planet was indeed round.

By November 1, 1542, Ruy Lopez de Villalobos sailed a ship via Navidad, Mexico towards the
Philippine islands. He built a territory in Sarangani but was unable to stick around long due to a
lack of sustenance. He pursued Magellan's voyage and arrived in Mindanao on February 2,
1543. His force sailed out of the island and settled on Tidore in the Moluccas, which was seized
here by the Portuguese. His achievements was “well known for renaming our nation "Islas
Filipinas" after King Charles' son, Prince Philip, who went on to become Monarch of Spain.”

Legaspi's expedition arrived in Cebu Island on February 13, 1565. After a brief confrontation
with the natives, he continued to Leyte, then to Camiguin, and last to Bohol. As a show of
goodwill, Legaspi forged a blood bond with the tribal chief, Datu Sikatuna. Because of his
connection with Sikatuna, Legaspi was capable of acquiring spices and wealth in Bohol. Within
this, he was the one who succeeded in conquering the Philippine island.

4. Give six current issues about the positive and negative aspects of Philippine geography and
topography. Note: Three for positive and Three for negative.

The Philippines is known for being the pearl of orient in the southeast Asian region, Because of
its rich diversity of lands, natural resources and culture, our country’s geography and
topography contributes to a variety of use within its neighboring nations function.

- Positive aspects of the Philippines geography and topography;

1. Due to its geographical importance, it has the potential to serve as a nexus for the
transportation of various commodities as well as a trade port for the entire region of Southeast
Asia.
2. The Philippines geographical location was the reason why it is considered as the center
of communication within the regions of Southeast Asia.

3. According to Oxford Business Group (2022), “Natural resources are plentiful in the
Philippines. Named by the Asian Development Bank as the world’s fifth-most-mineralised
country in the world, 30% of the country’s total land area of 30m ha are believed to
contain metallic mineral deposits, including nickel, cobalt, silver, gold, salt and copper.
The rich minerals found in the country are mostly a result of its volcanic geology and its
position along the Ring of Fire. The volcanoes also contribute significant geothermal
resources, making the Philippines the world’s second-largest producer of geothermal
energy, after the US.”

Negative Aspects of Philippines Geography and Topography;

1. Diverse localities in the Philippines have cultural diversity, linguistic minorities, and ways
of life. Given the topography of the Philippines, it is tough to unify each one of these factions in
order to garner complete unity participation throughout the nation.

2. With the rich diversity of the archipelago, the Philippines' scattered island territories
attract other nations to lay down their forces as sign of claim and colonization to lands. As we all
know, our country is a 3rd world country which means that our country has weak force to land
security. This is also why we are prone to colonization.

3. Let’s not forget the environmental issue, in which the claimed strategic location of the
Philippine comes with the bad side of the coin. Wherein, our country is prone to massive climate
change, typhoons and other calamities.
NAME: BASA, MIKHA ELLA
DATE: JANUARY 13, 2022
SUBJECT: GED 102
SECTION: BM1-A1
FINALS EXAMINATION - ANSWERS

1. How can geography and topography affect the economy of the Philippines ? Show both the
positive and the negative side

The Philippines, as we all know, is found in Southeast Asia, here on the eastern rim of
the Asiatic Mediterranean. It is by far the most abundant body of water in the world. The Nation
is made up of three major islands: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. The Philippines is mostly rich
in flora and fauna due to its igneous origins. Mountain ranges operate up the coast, adjacent to
and, throughout many areas, encroaching the waterways. For instance, the Sierra madre in
luzon and Taal Volcano are featured in our country.

Moreover, the Philippines is known for its rich and bountiful natural resources, where it is
abundant with agricultural and marine biodiversity. This secured a staple of food supply and
export products in the country. In this matter, the trading industry has been quite successful in
our country, as export goods have built up our economy's status, in glad with our country's
topographic and geographic features centering the 2 largest trading countries which is China
and Japan. Conversely, the fertile mountainous feature in our country actually aids climate
change, with the help of the mountain ranges decreasing the amount of impact on physical
floods and typhoons as the mountain structure acts as a protective shield towards catastrophic
matters.

However, geography and topography have an impact including everything from our
sustenance, general wellbeing, and security to our systems of society and economics. Despite
our country's numerous riches, it also has numerous drawbacks. Inhumane activities such as
illegal logging, illegal mining, mountain clearing, destructive fishing, and others have been
deemed illegal in the Philippines, destroying the country's natural state and contributing to
climate change. Our country's location also has disadvantages, as we are located near the
typhoon belt, making us vulnerable to catastrophic events. As a result, the archipelago and
human activities have a deleterious effect on the Philippines' economic growth.

2. How can colonial mentality impact the economy of the Philippines? Does it help or hinder the
economy's growth? Expound your answer.

As per my knowledge and understanding, colonial mentality is the result of colonization

and influences the state of society towards a cultural inferiority complex. Colonial mentality is
frequently blamed for the Philippines' economic and political illiberalism. Its repercussions can
be detrimental to the nation in a variety of ways, particularly if it is not critiqued and aimed
toward a quiet nationhood attitude. As a result, I believe that colonial mentalities severely
impede economic growth and development.

"Tangkilikin ang sariling atin" is a well-known and frequently used statement among
Filipinos. However, the Philippine Islands have a lengthy colonial past by a wide range of
nations. This subjected our dear citizens to oppression, resulting in mental preferences for
international functionalities. As absurd as it may sound, most Filipinos consider purchasing
luxury goods, where it causes funds to depart the country, causing its economic system to incur.

3. How would you assess the policies of the Philippine presidents since the Post War period up
to the present ?Were there policies that helped alleviate poverty incidence? What policies were
effective and ineffective in addressing the problems of the country ?

In my perception, every leader that handled the title as the president of the Philippines
has their own unique way of democracy. They all have distinctive approaches and policies that
somehow made our country better. However, some of the leaders might take democracy out of
bounds that stagnated our country into administration misery. For instances, way back in
marcos administration half of the citizens claim that its administration was the golden era of the
Philippines, however, others also claim the misery they been through. Also, I think the issue of
corruption, massive depth and martial law prove the cons of marcos administration. Another
great example is from the duterte administration, his leadership in davao is phrased as the place
has been bountiful and disciplined by the mayor. In which, added to his post as the elected
president. However, his leadership turned into chaos where war on drugs, extra judicial killings
and other inhumane issues inflicted in the administration. Moreover, my examples policies may
somehow increased and decreased poverty, in toxic ways of democracy leadership.

Despite their administrative downfalls, our country has its economic pros. In Marcos
administration it is claimed that the market products prices are quite low and abundant for the
people, for-which stabilized poverty and hunger. While in the duterte administration, his smart
contribution to economic export has influenced the growth of our economy and his
unhesitatingly aid for the poor has somehow healed poverty.
LINK REFERENCES: (USED ON MIDTERMS EXAMINATION)

1. https://filippinerne.um.dk/en/trade-council/philippines-as-a-promising-market?fbclid=IwA
R1lf7LkxaSnkW-Ulpj6KRcIdJQoT1hEwpCvKBiIBWw1z_68B9K-hE062YA

2. https://oxfordbusinessgroup.com/overview/island-nation-unique-geography-has-bred-div
erse-culture-and-history?fbclid=IwAR0kt-HZA6ooAvdDLSF-pQaDvIxBQ6J3Kb-fhJX8z4U
zDhNYT2gLTof0GGU

3. https://www.philippine-history.org/spanish-expeditions.htm