ART APPRECIATION 2ND SEM MIDTERM REVIEWER

ART
- defines art as the "conscious use of skill and creative imagination especially in the production of
aesthetic objects."
- come from Latin words ARS means "trade or specialized type of skill, such as carpentry, smithy,
or surgery."
Art Appreciation
- refers to the
understanding of the universal and timeless elements that distinguish all great art.
- used to describe the study of visual art forms or the introduction of basic visual literacy
principles.
- Paintings, sculptures, architecture, design, and, more recently, digital art, all fall under the
umbrella of art among others.
- refers to the study and appreciation of the various art forms to which we are exposed.
 An artist’s ultimate goal is to produce an art that can speak and connect to its audience on
an intimate level and is to be interpreted in various ways.
ART IS SIGNIFICANT IN ONE LIFE
- an avenue to study about the time period and history of the art piece when it was created.
- reflects their own struggles and social challenges.
- Art is intended to elicit understanding and communication with its audience.

Principles of Art
- basically rules or guidelines that govern the way in which the Art Elements go together.
 EMPHASIS
- used by an artist to make an element or object stand out in a work of art.
- also used by the artist to control how long a viewer spends looking at each of the different
parts.
 HARMONY
- creates comfort for the viewer, allowing the eye to move through the art with ease, because of
the use of similarities.
 BALANCE
- an artwork, it the arrangement of art elements so that no one part of a work overpowers, or
seems heavier than, any other part.
THREE BASIC TYPES OF BALANCE
1. Symmetrical or Formal Balance
- created when one half of a work of art mirrors the other half.
- predictable, thus, sometimes less interesting.
2. Asymmetrical or Informal Balance
- evident when two unlike objects appear to have equal weight.
3. Radial Balance
- an artwork occurs when the elements or objects are positioned around a central point.
 CONTRAST
- an artwork is created-when the artist makes a difference in value, color, texture, shape, line,
form, or space.
 PATTERN / RHYTMM
- the repeating of shapes, lines, color, or other art elements in planned or random order to
create
interest or make the artwork more exciting.
 MOVEMENT
- in a work of art directs the viewer through the art piece –often to the focal area.It also
encourages the viewer to sense action within the work.

HISTORY OF ART
- began over 27,000 years ago
 PRE HISTORIC ART ( EDUROPE 30, 000 BC - 2, 5000 BC )
- arts is made from natural resources like crushed berries and rock and stick for brushes
 EGYPTIAN
- first civilization to develop literature science mathematics and larges scale government
- they are lead by Pharaoh
- there sculpture and paintings are more realistic
- massive monuments was built as to serve as tomb for Pharaoh
 GREEK
- first glimpse at high realism in arts
- symmetry in sculptural work is crucial to Greeks
- God and goddesses mostly portray on this era
 ROMAN
- more functional than religious and celebrates the empire and Emperor
- advance architectural feature such as aqueduct vaulted ceilings and dome
- realism is more important than perfection
 MEDIEVAL
- the dark ages
- figures in painting sculpture begin to approach realism with slightly distorted proportions and
lack of value
 RENNAISSANCE
- rebirth / enlightenment
- arts is primarily religious in nature that starts off flat.
- tempera is used initially in painting until Oil painting developed
- birth of Triangle Composition Perspective & Self Portraiture
 BAROQUE
- mainly in Europe
Dramatric imagery using high contrast in lights called chiaroscuro
 IMPRESSIONISM
- started in France
- Light and visual sensation are more important realism
 POST - IMPRESSIONISM
-use of thick textural applications of paint
- color choice are brighter and bolder
 EXPRESSIONISM
- Fauvism, convey feelings and emotion rather than direct representation of reality
- use of violent and harsh element.
 CUBISM
-it use to simplified shapes colors patterns tto show the figure and everyday scene
- Analytic Cubism, showing a subject by spreading out pieces across the canvas
- Synthetic Cubism, showing different side angles from different view points
 SURREALISM
- express the imagination and dream like states using realistic and unrealistic art techniques
- art that free from conscious control
 ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM
- started in the US
- materials is more important than the concept
 Pop Art
- A reaction to Mass media
- used a lot of symbolism simplistic compositions

THE HUMANITIES
- Latin word HUMANUS / HUMANITAS means humans
- field of humanities provides human beings beings opportunity to think critically and creatively,
in order to understand the values and cultures of the world and to bring clarity to the future.
STUDY OF HUMANITIES INCLUDES
PHARLLM ((Philosophy, History, Art, Language, Literature and Music.)
 Philosophy
- greek word philos / philein means love and sophia
- the love of wisdom.
 History
- Latin word historia,, means to scribble and record the events in the past.
 Religion
- Latin word religare or religio means to bind.
- binds the faithful with one Divine power.
- Religion enhances the art of meditation and reflection for discernment,
 Literature
- Latin word littera or litteratura, means letter of knowledge of books.
- It concentrates on the study of fiction
 Music
- greek word mousa means muse
- Latin word Musa denotes the goddess of music,
- the pleasing combination and succession of sounds
7 ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF ART
1. LINE
- identifiable path created by a point moving in space.
- one-dimensional and can vary in width, direction and length.
2. SHAPE
- define objects in space.
- it have two dimensions, height and width and are usually defined by lines.
3. VALUE
- describes the brightness or darkness of color.
- gradient is a series of values from darkest to lightness.
4. FORM
- define objects in space.
- it exist in three dimensions with height, width and depth.
5. SPACE
- refers to a feeling of depth or three dimensions
- refer to the artist's use of the area within the picture.
6. TEXTURE
- surface quality of an object that we sense through touch
7. COLOR
- Reflected light, organized on a color wheel with 3 primary colors.
- 3 secondary color and 6 intermediate colors

FUNCTIONS OF ART
THREE FUNCTIONS OF ART
1. PERSONAL FUNCTIONS OF ART
- Utilitarian, Public Display, Expression
- varied and highly subjective.
-An artist create an art out of self- expression, entertainment, or therapeutic purpose.
2. SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF ART
- if and when it addresses a particular collective interest as opposed to a personal interest.
- Political art is a very common example of an art with a social function.
EX : photography (pictures of poverty) , Performance art
3. PHYSICAL FUNCTION OF ART
- crafted in order to serve some physical purpose.
EX : Architecture, jewelry-making, interior design
 Utilitarian
- coined by Jeremy Bentham
- Who Most people are motivated to do an artwork for personal reasons labored on the nation of
happiness.
OTHER FUNCTIONS OF ART
 Music
- Music was principally used for dance and religion.
- Today, music has expanded its functions and coverage.
 Sculptures
- have been made by man most particularly for religion.
Ex Rizal and Bonifacio’s monument and commemorative coins (Pope Francis)
 Architecture
- the most prominent functional art.
- Unlike other forms of art, buildings take so much time to erect and destroy.
SOURCES AND KINDS OF SUBJECTS
- our choices for subject in the visual are endless
2 TYPES OF SUBJECT
1. Representational
- are subject that appear to be very much alike on what we see in reality, that can easily clearly
identified by the viewers
2. Non Representational
- works that does not depicts from the real world and it can simply depict shapes color lines etc.
But can also express by the things that are not visible such as feelings for example.
EX : anime , manga
 Artistic interdepedence was advanced during 18th century resulting in the meregnec of
abstract and the
3 movements that contributed to development
1. Romanticism 2. Impressionism 3. Expresionism
 ABSTRACTION
- indicates departure from reality in deception of imagery in art
- refer to non representational art that has no derivation from figures or objects
- Picaso well know artist for it
1. REFERENNCES FOR NON REPRESENATIONAL ARTS
A. Nature B People and World Events C. Myths and Legends D. Spiritual and Religious Beliefs
E. Ideas Commissioned by Employers
2. FORM / COMPOSITION
- the overall organization of the artwork
- second aspect of form is its actual and objective form that refers to the outcome and actual
output of the creative process which are :
A. Two Dimensional Art
- begins on a flat surface called plane
- it has mathematical dimension of weight and height but no depth
- plane / picturte frame, defined as the boundary of the picture plane as interpreted as a
limitation of two dimensional artist on where they are bound to work
 Two Dimensional Media
 Drawing - process of moving an instrument over a smooth surface to leave a mark in a form
of line
 Paintings - process on which artist applies colored to surface using paint brush etc.
B. THREE DIMENSIOANL ART
- it has actual or real depth that can be viewed across different angles which make the arts have
more physical impact.