C++ is a programming language that supports procedural, object-oriented, and generic

programming. It is case-sensitive, statically typed, compiled, general-purpose, and free-

form. C++ is a language that is typed statically.

Because it incorporates aspects of high-level and low-level programming

languages, C++ is considered a language that operates on the middle level.

C++ was initially called C with Classes when Bjarne Stroustrup developed it at Bell Labs
in Murray Hill, New Jersey, in 1979. It was later renamed C++ in 1983. C++ was
developed as an extension to the C programming language.

Since C++ is a superset of C, almost any valid C program can be written in C++.

To clarify, static typing refers to performing type checking prior to compilation, as

opposed to at runtime.

Object-Oriented Programming
Object-oriented programming is fully supported in C++, including the four pillars of
object-oriented development.

Data hiding through encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism.

Standard Libraries
The standard implementation of C++ is comprised of three essential components:

 The fundamental language provides all the necessary components, such as literals, variables, and
data types, among other things.
 The C++ Standard Library provides a diverse range of functions for working with files and
strings, among other things.
 The Standard Template Library (STL) provides a comprehensive collection of methods for
modifying various data structures, among other things.
ANSI's Recommended Practice
The ANSI standard is an attempt to ensure that C++ is portable; that is, that code you
write for Microsoft's compiler will compile without errors using a compiler on a Mac,
UNIX, a Windows box, or an Alpha. This is one of the goals of the ANSI standard.

The ANSI standard has remained the same for some time, and all major companies
producing C++ compilers adhere to the ANSI standard.
The Study of C++
When first learning C++, the most important thing to do is concentrate on the different
concepts.

To become a better programmer and to become more effective at designing and

implementing new systems and maintaining older ones, the goal of learning a
programming language is to become more proficient in that language.

C++ allows for many different programming styles to be used. Any language can be
written in the style of other languages, such as Fortran, C, Smalltalk, etc. Each mode can
successfully achieve its objectives while simultaneously conserving both time and space.

Using C++
C++ is a programming language that is utilized by hundreds of thousands of developers
across virtually all application fields.

C++ sees widespread adoption as a programming language for developing device

drivers and other types of software that depend on the real-time direct manipulation of
physical hardware.

Because C++ is a clean enough language to teach fundamental ideas effectively, it is

widely used in academic and research settings.

Because the primary user interfaces of Apple Macintosh computers and personal
computers running Windows are written in C++, anyone who has used either of these
computer systems has, in a roundabout way, using C++.