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GROUP 2 3is
GROUP 2 3is
By:
1
Acknowledgement
The accomplishment of this research study would not have been made possible without the help,
cooperation and support of the following persons whom the researchers are grateful. They would like to
Ms. Melvin E. Trinidad, for imparting her knowledge, infinite support, giving guidance to the
researchers
Lastly, to our Heavenly Father for his grace and blessings that he provided upon the researchers to
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DEDICATION
This study is humbly dedicated to our Almighty God who has been guiding and protecting us since
the very beginning for providing knowledge and wisdom, giving us so much patience to accomplish this
research paper.
To our supportive friends, schoolmates, teachers for being part of this research, inspired and
And last but not the least, to our loving parents who supports us financially, emotionally, physically,
and spiritually; thank you so much, this is for all for you.
To our supportive friends, schoolmates, teachers for being part of this research, inspired and
And last but not the least, to our loving parents who supports us financially, emotionally, physically,
and spiritually; thank you so much, this is for all for you.
3
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to assess the financial challenges and academic standing of students
under 4Ps of Baybayog National High School. Specifically, it seeks to know the percentage of 4Ps students
who are Academic Excellence Awardee, and what are the financial challenges faced by the respondents.
There are 100 total number of respondents taken from the total population of Baybayog National
High School.
This study used the descriptive survey design. Frequency and percentage distribution were used to
analyze the different data gathered. The study showed that most of the respondents are academic excellence
awardee, it is to maintain their good academic standing. 4P’s students who faced financial challenges are
encouraged to overcome their financial challenges and a positive thinker to their everyday life.
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Table of Contents
CHAPTER l.
• Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………………..7-8
• Background of the Study ………………………………………………………………………………...8
• Statement of the Problem ……………………………………………………………………………….8-9
• Significance of the Study ………………………………………………………………………………...9
• Research Paradigm ………………………………………………………………………………………10
• Hypothesis ………………………………………………………………………………………………...10
• Definition of Terms ……………………………………………………………………………………….11
CHAPTER ll.
CHAPTER lll.
• Research Design ……………………………………………………………………………………….17
• Respondents of the Study …………………………………………………………………………….17
• Research Techniques …………………………………………………………………………………17
• Data Gathering Procedure ……………………………………………………………………………18
• Data Analysis …………………………………………………………………………………………..18
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CHAPTER IV.
• Result …………………………………………………………………………………………………..19-20
CHAPTER V.
• Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations ………………………………………21
• Summary of Findings …………………………………………………………………………………..21
• Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………………………………22
• Recommendation ………………………………………………………………………………………22
• References ……………………………………………………………………………………………...22-24
APPENDICES
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
We, Filipino’s can’t hide the fact that we’re under the circumstances of financial challenges. Most
of the Filipinos are having a hard time in making living for their family and especially for their children. Eating
three (3) times a day is even impossible for them, what more for education? Financial Challenges or Financial
problem is a situation in which you are not able to meet your bills on time for afford necessary basic needs.
A situation that is unsatisfactory and causes difficulties for students and it is related to or involving money.
Until 4ps came, 4ps program is currently being implemented by the Department of Social Welfare
Development (DSWD). This program aims to help Filipino families who are deeply in need and through this
program; the future of their children can now be molded and achieved. The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino
Program is the Philippine government most expensive social protection to date. The program provides cash
grant to poor families to help them meet immediate needs. At the same time, it aims to break the
intergenerational poverty by investing in human capital. The lather is achieved by imposing conditions in
exchange for the cash assistance the program gives to the beneficiaries.
As the famous quotation of Dr. Jose Rizal says “Youth are the hope of our country”, it is just right
to support and provide of our needs as students. To be best of what we can do and we need to improve our
Academic Standing. Academic Standing is the standard used to determine or measure a student‘s eligibility
to review and or progress in a program. Sometimes, students are being discouraged of what they are facing
in their everyday life. This is also the hindrance and destruction in their studies. They also think negatively,
Conditional Cash Transfer Program implemented by the government where money (cash grant) is
given to eligible beneficiaries comply with certain conditions such as nutrition, education, family development
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sessions and other such services offered by the government. It is a means of helping the beneficiaries
through provisions of social and medical assistance and increasing the investments in human capital for
society by providing education to those who cannot afford it. 4P’s is the flagship poverty alleviation program
of the administration of former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. It aims to educate many Filipino children
starting from pre-school education to secondary education by giving them daily allowances as they go to their
daily classes. Their parents benefit from the program since their children is learning a lot in school and they
are also given dietary allowances for food of their children as they go to school.
This study entitled “The Financial Challenges and Academic Standing of students under 4P’s of
Baybayog National High School” inform others that being a member of 4P’s is a great blessing that it is
essentially valued. In different subjects, they need to improve their standards and their academic standing,
to be knowledgeable or aware of what is 4P’s and also to give solutions to the problem that they are facing.
The main purpose of conducting this research is to know and determine how students under 4P‘s faced their
financial challenges most especially in their academic standing. It determines the percentage or how many
students that are involve in this study. The reason why we are studying this research is to have knowledge
on how we are going to preserve this study until the next generation.
This study aims to asses the financial challenges and academic standing of students under 4P’s of
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1. What is the profile of the respondents relative to;
1.1. Age
1.2. Gender
2. What is the percentage of the 4P’s students who are Academic Excellence Awardee?
This study is about the financial challenges and academic standing of students under 4P’s of Baybayog
School - they will be able to know the financial challenges and academic standing of students under 4P’s,
so that they will implement on exemption in terms of school expenses to those students.
Students - they will be informed with the financial challenges and academic standing of students under
4P’s of Baybayog National High School, so that they may be able to help and respect those students.
Teachers - they will be aware about the situation of their students under 4P’s in their financial challenges
and academics standing, so that they will adjust the level of their standards for their students.
Parents - they will be informed that their children also need financial support for their school matters.
Future Researchers - this study will serve as their guide in conducting another research which is related
to this study.
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Research Paradigm
Hypothesis
1. It was assumed that specific number of students that are 4P's beneficiaries are
2. It was assumed that most if not almost all of the Students are having financial problems.
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Definition of Terms
4P’s - Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program is a conditional cash transfer program of the Philippine
Academic Standing- standard used to determine or measure a student’s eligibility to remain and/or progress
in a program.
Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) - administer and implement comprehensive
Educators - a person (such as a teacher or a school administrator) who has a job in the field of education.
Expenses - an amount of money that must be spent especially regularly to pay for something.
Financial Challenges- is a situation where money worries are causing you stress most especially those
Social Interaction- they learn to get along with other people and develop social skills.
Stakeholders - brings together legislators, local chief executives, national government agencies,
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Chapter II
Related Literature
Meron (2015), stated that ‘Kids with really poor parents are so desperate to go to school that they‘re
willing to travel far and go through dangerous conditions to get there, like swim under bridge, or climb unto
an open-top school bus that’s already so packed. But some kids just can‘t afford to make those trip‘s. And
getting to school is only the first hurdle. You pay for your books, papers, pens - the schools don‘t provide that
for you – nothing’s free. Poverty doesn’t just affect the children – the teacher‘s livelihoods inevitably suffer.
Sadly, many teachers are choosing to move abroad, after being tempted by higher salaries inevitably, it‘s the
children that suffer. Although we can‘t directly solves a problem as big as poverty, we can certainly help
Valencia (2018), confirmed that the index, which has a scale of zero to100, provides information on
which dimensions Filipinos have the least access to. And those complements income-based measure of
poverty. These four dimensions are education; housing, water and sanitation, health and nutrition, and
employment. These comprises the following indicators: school attendance, educational attainment,
ownership of assets, access to toilet facility, access to electricity, freedom from hunger, adequate food
consumption, access to health insurance, relief from underemployment, and not having children who work
instead of attending school. But mostly affected is the education of their children.
Fowler and Monk (2016), stated that consequently, the level of expenditure provides little direct
information about why education cost vary between schools’ systems. It appears that when they examine the
relation between spending and student performance, it is really an investigation of cost and student
performance that is important. Decisions about what services are provided to the students along with
decisions about the means used to provide each service bear of the cost of producing educational results.
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For example, "A district may choose to spend more than is necessary to hire teachers with given
characteristics. Such a willingness to spend at higher levels should not confuse with the idea that costs this
Medina (2018), asserted that financial problem can affects you in many ways not only into your body
but also to your mental health. She also confirmed that even she has the same experiences when she was
in college. She cites sleeplessness as a common stain experienced among many as a stressor that can leave
someone unable to function at full mental capacity to work or school. She also come-up with the statement
of the other people who experienced the same like Valentina Lee and Daniel Fonseca. They confirmed that
"having to work is an added distraction that is always on the back of four-mind and doesn’t facilitate learning.
Adelma (1999), stated that “unfortunately, low income students are more likely to possess high risk”.
Characteristic that even under graduate had in his findings, two-third of low-income beginning students came
from families in which either of the parents attended college. Compared with one-third of middle and upper
income of students. Conversely, 50% of middle- and upper-income students have at least one of the parents
who earn a bachelor degree or higher, compared with less than 20% low income students.
Dang and Bulus (2015), said that education is an expensive social service that requires adequate
financial provision. All tiers of the government must cooperate for its successful implementation. The role
education play in economic development cannot be over emphasized. Hence the need for all hands to be on
deck for proper development of the educational achievement and development for the both individuals and
Mien and Tao (2015), affirmed that financial behavior refers to how individual manage their all
financial. Many definitions were used as regard to financial behavior. The determination procurement,
dispensation and utilization of financial resources was also referred to as financial management behavior. In
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addition, a set of behaviors performed is all about planning, implementing, and evaluating evolve in the areas
cash, credit, investment, insurance and retirement and estate planning . Then financial management behavior
summarized as a part of financial decision-making, harmonizing individual purpose and enterprise objective.
Fosnach and Dong (2013), stated that the students who experience financial stress perceived a less
supportive compass environment but tended to participate in mere academically beneficial activities. There
studies result indicated that the impact of the financial stress carried by the type of financial coping strategic
used. The administration, students, and institutions were asked to fill out a supplementary questionnaire
related to their financial stress in addition to the core NSSE instrument. They limited the sample to the
students in younger than 23 because they lack of parental data income than older students. That they found
was the students are affected and even yet stress because they need to get jobs to support their studies.
Scott-Clayton (2012), found-out that, other possible sources of financial stress include unforeseen
emergencies or expenses like hospital bill or car accident. As students generally have few savings, they do
not have extra money to pay unexpected expenses. Students also be hardly affected by balancing their study
and job. Students may worry about the ability to earn enough income to repay their loans, particularly in an
Karande and Kulkarni (2005), categorized that the factors affects learner’s performance into three
groups; biological (student-born factors), psychological and social. They believe that biologically some
students are below average in IQ among their peer age group from psychological perspective we need to
know whether our students are actually ready to learn and/or like to learn. Socially is the environment
conducive and stimulating enough for ideal learning. The reason for children’s low performance among which
are medical problems, below average intelligent, specific learning is ability, emotional problems and
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environmental causes. They believed that to solve this multi-varied and cross-linked problem, the focus
should move from class to the family, to the environment and to the social world of students.
Roche et.al. (2014), asserted that all foundation programs in all man should include the orientation
program that explicitly draws newly enrolled students’ attention to differences between high school and
university classrooms, participating in relation to assessment (the use of criteria-based assessment and
pass/fail policies), classroom practice (the students will be required to actively participate i.e., produce spoken
and written English rather than memorize passages) and expectations of students outside classroom (e.g.
students will be expected to read material outside the class). Such formal orientation program may be the
Cressy (1953), believed that trusted persons become trust violators when they conceived of
themselves of having a financial problem. This is non-sharable, are aware that this problem can be secretly
resolve by violation of the position of financial trust. Able to apply to their own conduct in that situation
verbalizations which enable to adjust their consumption of themselves as trusted person are users of the
Felizardo (2009), affirmed that the 4P’s program is not a dole-out. It’s not meant to make the poor
become lazy and rely on the government nor the NGOs to alleviate their sad poverty state. The Pantawid
Pamilyang Pilipino Program just like the other Conditional Cash programs of other countries Priorities human
dignity through availability of equal opportunities. It aims to provide monitory aid to poor beneficiaries with
the hope of these investments in human capital would lessen the great financial divided among the haves
and have nots. The Program was meant not a kind of dole-out because the chosen beneficiaries are following
the conditions through abiding the agreement of the said program. In this, the family received cash to provide
the needs of the children especially the children will attend in school regularly, have visited the help center
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for regular check-ups and also the mother received cash for their medical check-ups especially treatment
during pregnancy.
Brul (2009), stated that Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4P’s) is a poverty reduction and
social development strategy of the National Government that provides conditional cash grants to extremely
poor households to improve their health, nutrition and education particularly children aged 0-14. The program
is currently implemented by the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD). Additionally,
Aquino’s Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program as a strategy to alleviate poverty (de Guia,2011). 4P’s
Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program is also called as Conditional Cash Transfer (CCI) as Philippine
government version. This program helps the penniless people and most of them and living in squatter area
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Chapter IIl
METHODS
This chapter discusses the methods and procedures particularly, the research design used, respondents
of the study, instrumentation, data gathering procedure and the statistical tools used in analysis and
interpretation of data.
Research Design
This study used the descriptive survey to determine and asses the Financial Challenges and Academic
Descriptive Survey Method describes the characteristics of population or phenomenon that is being
studied. Since, this study aims to know the percentage of 4P’s students who are academic excellence
awardee, and the financial challenges faced by the respondents, this design is deemed the most appropriate.
The respondents of the study will be the 4P’S Students of Baybayog National High School for the
Research Technique
A Self- Structured Close- ended survey Questionnaires was utilized to gather data for the Study. The
The researchers will conduct an online survey the questions are sent by the researcher via
messenger and answered via messenger too. The researcher would analyze and interpret the data gathered
Data Analysis
The researchers will use descriptive statistics in the analysis of data gathered in this study.
Frequency and Percentage Distribution will be used to present the different data gathered also assess the
financial Challenges and Academic standing of students under 4P's of Baybayog National High School.
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CHAPTER IV
RESULT
This Chapter presents the results of the study based on the gathered data. The data were presented in
the table form according to the questions posed in statement of the problem.
Out of 110 Student who participated in the Study. 61% were Male while the remaining 49% were Female
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Grade level distribution of the Student who took part in this study was also established. The researcher
Table 2. Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Respondents of 4P's students who are Academic
Excellence Awardee.
Frequency Percentage
Academic 38 35%
Non – Academic 72 65%
Total 100 100%
As shown on the table above, out of 110 respondents the frequency of 4Ps students-recipients who are
Academic Excellence Awardee is 38 or 34% and 4Ps students-recipients who are Non-Academic Excellence
Awardee is 72 or 65%. Therefore, 4Ps students who are academic excellence awardees are doing their
best.
YES NO
F P F P
1. Have you ever experienced failure in requirements caused by lacked of 25 22% 85 77%
money and materials?
2. Have you ever experienced being late going to school caused by lack 63 57% 47 42%
of transportation allowance?
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3. Has your teacher caught your attention for using civilian clothes 23 20% 87 79%
because you can’t afford buying school uniform?
4. Have you ever escaped your meal caused by high price of foods in 47 42% 63 57%
canteens?
5. Have you experienced getting absent due to lack of allowance? 31 28% 79 71%
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Chapter V
Summary of Findings
This study aimed to assess the Financial Challenges and Academic standing of students under 4ps of
Baybayog National High School .It sought to answer the following guide problems.
4P’s students’ recipients of Baybayog National High School most of them are Academic Excellence
Awardee with a percentage of 34% while Non –Academic students are 65%.
The most common financial challenges faced by recipients of 4P’s of Baybayog National High School,
experiencing failure in requirement caused of lack of money for materials with a percentage of 22%, secondly,
experienced being late caused by lack of transportation allowance with percentage of 57%, thirdly, escaping
meals due to high cost of foods in school canteen with a percentage of 42%, while getting absent due to lack
of allowance with a percentage of 28% then lastly, using civilian clothes because they can’t afford having
school uniform with a percentage of 20%. They experienced different financial challenges but they are more
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Conclusion
We based the results that were presented, we therefore conclude that being a 4P’s beneficiaries is a great
blessing. And as for now, in maintaining their good grades they eventually aimed being awardee.
Having a financial challenge, they valued being 4P’s beneficiaries and instead of not coming to school
because of financial challenges, they are more motivated and they used financial challenges as their
Recommendations
Since, the study showed that most of the respondents are non-academic excellence awardee, it is highly
4P’s students who faced financial challenges are encouraged to overcome their financial challenges and
References
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Cecchini et. al, (2011). Conditional Cash Transfer Program: The recent experience in Latin America and
Caribbean
Chaudhury, (2013). Inefficiencies, Disincentives and the Misallocation of Resources under the Conditional
Cuesta, (2007). On more ambitious Conditional Cash Transfer, social protection and permanent reduction of
poverty
Fernandez et. al, (2011). Overview of the Philippines Conditional Cash Transfer Program: The Pantawid
Ferreira et. al, (2013) .Own and Sibling effects of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs
Gerson, (2011). Conditional Cash Transfer Program: The recent experience in America and Caribbean
Grossgreen, (2012). Challenges and opportunities in the transition to a clean and climate resilient economy.
Lacour et. al, A review of Literature on the Effects of concentrations of poverty on school performance and
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Mayer, (1997). The effect of Poverty on Academic Achievement Academic Journals
Orbeta, (2013). Academic Achievement of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program Beneficiaries in Public
Rawlings and Rubio, (2005). Evaluating the Impact of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs
Reyes and Mina et..al, (2011). Academic Achievement of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program
Reyes, et. al, (2012). promoting Inclusive Growth though the Pantawid Pmilyanng Pilipino Program
Rothstein, (2014) .The Impact of Finance on the Academic Performance of Secondary School Students in
Santiago, (2010). Academic Achievement of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program Beneficiaries in Public
25
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region 02
Division of Cagayan
BAYBAYOG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Alcala, Cagayan
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
June 2021
Dear Students,
We, the Grade 12 Humanities and Social Sciences Students are conducting our Research entitled “The
Financial Challenges and Academic Standing of Students Under 4P’s of Baybayog National High School”.
May we ask you to be one of our respondents to answer the questions sincerely for us to obtain the
In connection to this, we would like to ask your assistance to answer our questionnaire. The information you
Respectfully yours,
Noted by:
Melvin Trinidad
Inquiries, Investigation and Immersion Adviser
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Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region 02
Division of Cagayan
BAYBAYOG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Alcala, Cagayan
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
June 2021
Ma'am,
We, the Grade 12 Mandela Students of Senior High School Department are currently conducting
a study entitled. "The Financial Challenges and Academic Standing of Students Under 4P’s of Baybayog
National High School". under the subject Inquiries, Investigation and Immersion (3i’s).
In this connection, we would like to ask you permission to conduct the said in our school by
administering a survey.
27
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region 02
Division of Cagayan
BAYBAYOG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Alcala, Cagayan
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
June 2021
Ma'am/Sir,
We, the Grade 12 Mandela Students of Senior High School Department are currently conducting a
study entitled. "The Financial Challenges and Academic Standing of Students Under 4P’s of Baybayog
National High School". under the subject Inquiries, Investigation and Immersion (3i’s).
In this connection, we would like to ask you permission to conduct the said
Noted by:
MELVIN TRINIDAD
Inquiries, Investigation and Immersion Teacher
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APPROVAL SHEET
This Research Paper entitled “The Financial Challenges and Academic Standing of Students under 4P’s
of Baybayog National High School” prepared and submitted by ____________________________________
has been approved and accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Academic Track under the
Humanities and Social Sciences.
PANEL OF EXAMINERS
_____________________________
Chairman
_____________________________ _____________________________
Member Member
ROSE M. MACAPULAY
School Principal ll
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“The Financial Challenges and Academic Standing of Students
Under 4P’s of Baybayog National High School”
Name (optional):
Grade Level:
Section:
Age:
Gender:
1st Grading Average:
30
Appendix E
CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Nickname: Humprey Sex: Male
Birthdate: May 12, 2003 Birthplace: St. Paul Hospital
Religion: Roman Catholic Nationality: Filipino
Father’s Name: Artemio Loreto Jr. Occupation: Farmer
Mother’s Name: Robina Loreto Occupation: Housekeeper
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary: Damurog Elementary School
Date: School Year 2015-2016
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CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Nickname: Charlene Sex: Female
Birthdate: March 24, 2001 Birthplace: Bauan, Amulung, Cagayan
Religion: Roman Catholic Nationality: Filipino
Father’s Name: Charlie V. Pillos Occupation: Farmer
Mother’s Name: Maricon B. Pillos Occupation: Ofw
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary: Baculud Elementary School
Date: School Year 2015-2016
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CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Nickname: Glais Sex: Female
Birthdate: July 24, 2002 Birthplace: Sinoloan, Amulung, Cagayan
Religion: Iglesia Ni Cristo Nationality: Filipino
Father’s Name: Genaro O. Aresta Sr. Occupation: Farmer
Mother’s Name: Jackielyn D. Aresta Occupation: Housekeeper
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary: Jurisdiccion Elementary School
Date: School Year 2015-2016
33
CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Nickname: Angel Sex: Female
Birthdate: December 8, 2002 Birthplace: Pared, Amulung, Cagayan
Religion: Roman Catholic Nationality: Filipino
Father’s Name: Wilson Cabling Occupation: Trycicle Driver
Mother’s Name: Elma Cabling Occupation: Vendor
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary: Damurog Elementary School
Date: School Year 2015-2016
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CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Nickname: Jaynel Sex: Male
Birthdate: December 17, 2002 Birthplace: Gabut Cagayan
Religion: Roman Catholic Nationality: Filipino
Father’s Name: Arnel Llanto Occupation: Laborer
Mother’s Name: Jenelyn Lllanto Occupation: Housekeeper
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary: Jurisdiccion Elementary School
Date: School Year 2015-2016
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