COD 1233 Semester – II Creativity and Innovation I BBA

(G)

MODULE I INTRODUCTION

Meaning & Concept of Creativity; Creativity Process; Nature & Characteristics of Creativity and
Creative Persons; Factors affecting Creativity; Recognizing and Avoiding Mental Blocks;
Thinking Preferences; Risk Taking; Creativity Styles; Creative Thinking Tools; Innovation Vs.
Creativity; Types of Innovations: Incremental & Radical.

MODULE II IDEA GENERATION & CREATIVITY IN PROBLEM SOLVING

Ideation; Pattern Breaking Strategies; Mind stimulation: games, brain-twisters and puzzles;
Idea- collection processes: Brainstorming/Brain-writing, SCAMPER methods, Metaphoric
thinking, Outrageous thinking, Mapping thoughts; Eight Dimensional (8D) Approach to Ideation;
Systematic Inventive Thinking: TRIZ methodology.

MODULE I INTRODUCTION

Meaning & Concept of Creativity-

A creative concept is a big idea that captures one’s interest, influences emotional
response and inspires someone to take action.

Creativity begins with a foundation of knowledge, learning a discipline and mastering a

novel way of thinking which comes from experimenting, exploring, questioning, assumptions,
using imagination and synthesizing information.

Definition

Drevdahl says, “Creativity is the capacity of a person to produce compositions, products or

ideas which are essentially new or novel and previously unknown to the producer.”

Nature of Creativity 

• Creativity is the capacity to accept challenges.

• Creativity is the freedom to exercise choice
• Creativity is the readiness to change self and the environment
• Creativity knew no special medium, place person, or time.
• Creativity is a process as well as a product
• Creativity is a complex, dynamic and serious process.
• Creativity is the result of some interaction
• Creativity is the ability to create new ideas theories or objects.
• Creativity is the ability to develop something original
• Creativity has several dimensions.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CREATIVITY

The following are the characteristics of creativity:

1. New Ideas Innovation

Creativity creates new ideas.

Initiatives or initiatives, strategies, policies, problem-solving and new ideas for

managers and employees are taken into consideration.

2. Positive attitude

A positive attitude is essential for thinking creatively, because it is this positivity that
motivates the mind to look for details, wonder, and actually find solutions. My previous
point about this intense curiosity is strongly linked. A person who negatively shuts off
potential possibilities and does not look at the world around them with such wonderful
surprises.

3. Fearlessness

This is an interesting character because highly creative people tend to believe in the
VALUE of the ideas they come up with. Remember, they are also flexible, so they want to
change; However, they do not seem to be worried about whether their idea is right or
wrong because they believe that their idea values the value of the field in which it lives,
even if it can later become debunked.

4. Pre-conscious system

Pre-conscious systems are an important feature of creativity.

Before starting one’s own work or doing work by others, consciousness is essential,
otherwise, the work cannot be successful.
5. New result orientation

The result of new creative work is because it includes new ideas.

6. Universal

It is a universal and general ability, to be used for any purpose because it is the creative
spirit used in all areas of life – such as creative drawing, creative writing, and creative
ideas.

In this regard, one thinker wrote that “creativity is the activity of doing strange things in
general.”

7. Environment Approval

Creativity is closely related to the social environment of individuals.

Also, it is closely related to personality. It has three main components, namely –

knowledge, intellectual ability, and tendency.

8. Originality

Creativity is linked to an individual’s core contribution.

Creativity is not included in the work as nature.

9. Human power

Creativity is a human capacity, which creates new and unique ideas, ideas, and
imagination.

Then, it can be used in entrepreneurship and other areas of life.

10. Strong motivation and determination

This is where the hard work of creativity comes in. So, we can all think creatively – but
what uses creativity if it doesn’t really show itself in the world of creation or creation?
The main problems that need to be pursued for creativity by creating software
solutions, creating social capital through community building, or painting artwork that
only comes from strong motivation and perseverance. In addition, creative ideas will
only remain in the mind of the individual without the opportunity to influence society
and/or the community.

11. Flexibility

This is a key characteristic because it involves a mindset that suggests that there may be
a single answer or solution to a particular problem. Flexible thinkers are not hemmed in
by being overly-focused on one way of working and tend to be open to innovation. They
also have the ability to work part-time and then switch to alternative
solutions/methods.

12. Study, think

Creativity focuses more on studying, thinking, and knowing because the entrepreneur
feels that deep thinking and intelligence are essential before starting work.

13. New Idea Combination

Creativity is a combination of new ideas that affect the feelings of the workers and
managers working in the organization, as it would be unrealistic if the new ideas were
not incorporated into the business.

14. It can be natural or acquired

Creativity can be a natural or an acquired one, as entrepreneurial ideas are almost new
and unique, but for some individuals, the ideas are not their own but are derived by
knowledge and experience.

15. Creating a new method

In entrepreneurship, creativity is worked by new methods, rather than conventional

approaches. As a result, the latest and scientific methods, techniques, and principles can
be used.

Characteristics of creative people

• Creative people are energetic, but focused

• Creative people are smart, but also naïve

• Creative people are playful, yet

• Creative people are realistic dreamers 

• Creative people are sensitive and open to experience, but happy and joyful.

Creative Process - stages

The creative process is the evolution of an idea into its final form through a
progression of thoughts and actions. The creative process involves critical
thinking and problem-solving skills. From songwriters to television producers,
creative individuals generally go through five steps to bring their ideas to fruition—
preparation, incubation, illumination, evaluation, and verification.
The five stages of the creative process each flow logically into the next phase of the
process. As you embark on your own creative process, unleash your mind and let
your ideas grow through the five stages of creativity.
1. Preparation stage: As you begin the creative journey, the first stage involves
prep work and idea generation. This is when you gather materials and conduct
research that could spark an interesting idea. Brainstorm and let your mind
wander, or write in a journal to foster divergent thinking; this will help you
consider all possible approaches to building out your idea. In this first part of
the process, your brain is using its memory bank to draw on knowledge and
past experiences to generate original ideas.
2. Incubation stage: When you have finished actively thinking about your idea,
the second stage is where you let it go. Part of creative thinking is taking a step
away from your idea before you sit down to flesh it out. You might work on
another project or take a break from the creative process altogether—
regardless, you are not consciously trying to work on your idea. Walking away
from your idea might seem counterproductive, but it’s an important stage of
the process. During this time, your story or song or problem is incubating in
the back of your mind.
3. Illumination stage: Sometimes called the insight stage, illumination is when
the “aha” moment happens. The light bulb clicks on as spontaneous new
connections are formed and all of that material you’ve gathered comes
together to present the solution to your problem. In this third stage, the
answer to your creative quest strikes you. For example, you overcome writer’s
block by figuring out the ending to your story. It can take you by surprise but
after the incubation stage, an idea has emerged.
4. Evaluation stage: During this stage, you consider the validity of your idea and
weigh it against alternatives. This is also a time of reflection when you look
back at your initial concept or problem to see if your solution aligns with your
initial vision. Business professionals might do market research to test the
viability of the idea. During this phase, you might go back to the drawing board
or you might forge on, confident in what you’ve come up with.
5. Verification stage: This is the final stage of the creative process. It’s when the
hard work happens. Your creative product might be a physical object, an
advertising campaign, a song, a novel, an architectural design—any item or
object that you set out to create, propelled by that initial idea that popped into
your head. Now, you finalize your design, bring your idea to life, and share it
with the world.
Seven common mental blocks

1. Self-doubt
2. Indecision
3. Fixed mindset
4. Comparison
5. Uncertainty

How to Overcome Mental Blocks

There are four basic strategies for dealing with your mental blocks:

1. Uncover
2. Remove
3. Reduce
4. Transform

Creative Thinking Tools

1. Brainstorming

Brainstorming is a common technique for generating ideas, and

you can find various exercises and approaches for implementing this
method. With this technique, the goal is to produce as many ideas as
possible within a particular time frame. For example, a group may set a 5-
minute timer and allow participants to share every idea they think of, no
matter how unusual they may seem. After sharing, the group can discuss
these ideas aloud to determine which ones best suit the project's needs.
2. Negative brainstorming

In negative brainstorming, participants generate a list of "bad" solutions to

the problem they want to solve. This technique can lead to creative
solutions by having groups identify obstacles and work toward reversing
them. For example, a team may have a goal to improve sales. Participants
can offer "bad" ideas that make the product more expensive or less
functional. Like brainstorming, the group can set a timer and write as many
ideas as possible. They can then discuss the ideas as a group and determine
how to turn these negative ideas into positive ones.

3. Brainwriting

Brainwriting works similarly to brainstorming and promotes idea

generation within a group setting. In a brainwriting session, the group
identifies a problem statement or central idea related to their project. Each
participant then writes a list of ideas or potential solutions independently.
This technique can help encourage participation from individuals who feel
less comfortable sharing their thoughts aloud.

4. Five W's and one H

With this method, participants identify a problem statement or task and

then create a checklist comprising the question words often used in
journalism: who, why, what, when, where and how. Answering these
questions can help the participants focus their thinking and produce
relevant solutions. For example, a team selling a new kitchen tool can ask
this series of questions to develop its marketing strategy and messaging.
They can use the following questions and their responses to develop
marketing messages that address their target customers' needs:

 Who are our target customers?

 Why do those customers need this tool?
 What would customers use this tool to do?
 How can customers use this tool?

5. Random words

The random words technique asks participants to identify a word or phrase

related to the problem they wish to solve. For example, a group hoping to
improve teamwork within its department could write the word
"teamwork" in the center of a whiteboard. Either individually or as a group,
participants develop a list of words or phrases associated with that
concept. Some relevant words might include communication, listening,
support, positivity and collaboration. This technique helps participants
identify ideas related to the problem they want to solve, which can help
them divide abstract problems into actionable tasks.

6. Gallery method

In the gallery method, a group leader prepares stations with either

personal whiteboards or flip chart paper. Each participant has an assigned
station where they write all of their ideas related to the problem statement
or central concept. After several minutes, the participants walk around the
room to view and make notes on the other participants' stations. Then they
return to their original station and continue developing their initial ideas,
using the ideas of the other group members for inspiration. This technique
can help stimulate alternative ways of looking at a problem or solution and
strengthen individuals' ideas.

7. Storyboarding

Teams often use storyboarding to plan advertising campaigns, video

content, business proposals or presentations. With this technique,
participants create an outline for the project they are developing. This
outline can contain both written and visual elements and does not need to
be complete at this stage. This creativity technique helps participants
organize their ideas before they go into production. The outline format
makes it easy to rearrange the structure of stories, allowing teams to make
additions or remove segments as their ideas develop.

8. Roleplaying

In the roleplaying technique, participants adopt character personas and

imagine problems and solutions from their perspectives. For example, a
product development team may adopt the persona of a potential customer.
Thinking about the product from the customer's perspective can enable the
deal to develop ideas and solutions that meet their wants and needs.
Depending on the situation, participants can roleplay using multiple
personas to look at the problem from several viewpoints, such as a first-
time user versus an experienced user.

9 .Mind mapping

With mind mapping, participants write a problem statement in the center

of a whiteboard or piece of paper. Next, they add related concepts or
solutions in the area surrounding the problem statement, drawing lines
between them to note connections. Participants can add another group of
phrases that describe how they plan to achieve those proposed concepts or
solutions, again linking this layer with the previous one. This ideation tool
represents a network of ideas and how they connect, enabling participants
to visualize the relationships between their ideas.

10. Mood boards

A mood board is a collage that can contain images, text and material
samples, often used by artists and designers. However, mood boards can
serve as a source of inspiration for other work projects. Organizations can
use this tool to display abstract concepts in a more tangible format. For
example, a team may create a mood board when developing marketing
strategies for a new product. They can incorporate branding colors and
relevant phrases they want their campaign to express to consumers. They
may also use images that represent how they want the audience to feel,
such as smiling people.

11. Metaphorical thinking

Metaphors compare two or more things and can be literal or conceptual.

For example, a map may serve as a metaphor for a place because it
represents that place. Individuals can use metaphors to draw connections
between concepts and generate ideas based on them. They can also use
metaphors to make abstract concepts more tangible. For example, a team
may use metaphorical thinking to compare its business to a flower. The
business acts as a plant because it needs time, attention and careful
maintenance to grow. By making these comparisons, the team can think of
activities they can perform to help the business thrive.

12. Similarities and differences

This technique asks participants to choose two objects. The first object
represents the problem they want to solve, and the second object is a
related item. For example, if an individual wants to improve their time
management, they may choose a clock to represent the problem while a
calendar represents a related object.

The individual creates a list of similarities between the two objects,

followed by a list of their differences. Both objects track time, but a clock
focuses on seconds, minutes and hours while a calendar focuses on dates.
The individual can use these similarities or differences to spark ideas to
help manage their time more effectively, such as scheduling their tasks
hourly or planning their week in advance.

13. Ideal final result

The ideal final result method works in both individual and group
settings. With this problem-solving technique, participants identify a
problem statement then describe its ideal solution. When discussing the
ideal final result, participants should not consider restraints such as
deadlines or budgets. This technique enables them to envision the best
possible way to solve the problem without letting limitations interfere.
Once they establish potential ideas, they can begin focusing on viable
options.

Innovation

Innovation is the practical implementation of ideas that result in

the introduction of new goods or services or improvement in offering
goods or services.

Innovation Vs Creativity
Innovation Taxonomy
Innovation can be categorized in many ways, and some of those
categorizations are more or less overlapping. The purpose of this post is to help
you understand different approaches to innovation and how different types of
innovations link to the big picture.

Innovation Matrix
One way to categorize innovation is to classify it based on two
dimensions: the technology it uses and the market it operates in. We can use
the innovation matrix to visualize the most common types of innovation:
Incremental innovation

Most innovations are incremental, gradual and continuous

improvements in the existing concepts, products or services in the existing
market.

Incremental innovations are just a little better than the previous version of the
product or service and has only slight variations on an existing product
formulation or service delivery method.

Products can be made smaller, easier to use or more attractive without changing
the core functionality of it and services can be made more efficient through
constant improvement.

Disruptive innovation
Disruptive innovation is a theory that refers to a concept, product, or a
service that creates a new value network either by entering an existing market
or by creating a completely new market. In the beginning, disruptive innovations
have lower performance when measured by traditional value metrics but has
different aspects that are valued by a small segment of the market. These types of
innovations are often capable of turning non-customers into customers but do
not necessarily appeal to the needs and preferences of the mainstream
customers, at least not just yet.

Radical innovation
 Radical innovation is rare as it has similar characteristics to disruptive
innovation but is different in a way that it simultaneously uses revolutionary
technology and a new business model.  

Sustaining innovation

Sustaining innovation is the opposite of disruptive innovation as

it exists in the current market and instead of creating new value networks,
it improves and grows the existing ones by satisfying the needs of a customer.

MODULE II IDEA GENERATION & CREATIVITY IN PROBLEM SOLVING

Ideation; Pattern Breaking Strategies; Mind stimulation: games, brain-twisters and

puzzles; Idea- collection processes: Brainstorming/Brain-writing, SCAMPER methods,
Metaphoric thinking, Outrageous thinking, Mapping thoughts; Eight Dimensional (8D)
Approach to Ideation; Systematic Inventive Thinking: TRIZ methodology.

Ideation

Ideation is a creative process where designers generate ideas in sessions

(e.g., brainstorming, worst possible idea). It is the third stage in the Design
Thinking process. Participants gather with open minds to produce as many ideas as
they can to address a problem statement in a facilitated, judgment-free environment.
 Ideation is the process where you generate ideas and solutions through sessions such as
Sketching, Prototyping, Brainstorming, Brainwriting, Worst Possible Idea, and a wealth
of other ideation techniques. Ideation is also the third stage in the Design Thinking
process.

Ideation Will Help You:

 Ask the right questions and innovate with a strong focus on your users, their needs, and
your insights about them.
 Step beyond the obvious solutions and therefore increase the innovation potential of
your solution.
 Bring together perspectives and strengths of your team members.
 Uncover unexpected areas of innovation.
 Create volume and variety in your innovation options.
 Get obvious solutions out of your heads, and drive your team beyond them.

Empathy is the centerpiece of a human-centered design process. The Empathize mode is

the work you do to understand people, within the context of your design challenge. It is
your effort to understand the way they do things and why, their physical and emotional
needs, how they think about the world, and what is meaningful to them.”

The Define mode of the design process is all about bringing clarity and focus to the
design space. It is your chance, and responsibility, as a design thinker to define the
challenge you are taking on, based on what you have learned about your user and about
the context.”

Techniques to Conduct a Successful Ideation Process

There are various techniques which you can use to get brilliant ideas. Each of
this technique has its own perks,
 Brainstorming (includes Braindumping, Brainwriting, Brainwalking)
 SCAMPER
 Worst possible idea
 Challenge assumptions
 Analogies
1. Brainstorming

This is the most common technique that is used within the Ideation process. During
a Brainstorm session, you always leverage the other team member’s ideas and build
upon them. For this session to be conducted, you must build an environment where a
person will be comfortable speaking without any criticism. To conduct a successful
Brainstorm session, it is best to switch between group and individual Brainstorm
sessions.

Brainstorming which is a group session has 3 siblings known as

1. Brain dumping (Individual sessions)
2. Brain writing (Mix of individual and group sessions)
3. Brain walking (Mix of individual and group sessions)

 SCAMPER

This lateral thinking technique refers to a set of actions that can be carried out to help
with the innovation process. There are 7 inspirational elements in this technique,
1. Substitute
2. Combine
3. Adapt
4. Modify/ Magnify/ Minify
5. Put to another use
6. Eliminate
7. Reverse

You can use SCAMPER on an existing product or service to improve it. What you
can do is to ask questions with regards to the 7 elements to help generate new ideas
within each of these areas. By going through these elements, you can ask 7 different
types of questions that will help innovate and improve the existing product or service.

3. Worst Possible Idea

This technique is known to be highly effective to get the person’s creativity out
into the open. This is an efficient technique to create a comfortable environment for any
participant who would be doubtful to speak up. This technique is conducted by coming
up with the worst possible idea or solution for the design problem that you currently
have. By coming up with the worst possible idea you will reduce the pressure among
participants to come up with a great idea.
or example, if you are given to come up with the worst possible idea for a new
idea for a design of a sneaker. Worst possible ideas can be,
 Sneakers that play music when you walk
 A sneaker that will light up when you walk.
 A sneaker that has mirrors for you to bend to see your face from it.

4. Challenge Assumptions

This is like a reboot session for the design problem that you have. To carry out this
technique, take a step back from your problem and ask direct questions about all the
assumptions that you have about the problem. This will be very effective when you are
stuck or when you’ve run out of solutions.
This technique can be done with the use of 3 simple steps,
1. List assumptions
2. Challenge assumptions
3. Find ways of making the challenge a reality

Assumptions are something that would seem like an impossible thing to do or something
a person would believe to do a certain thing. After you make a list of all these
assumptions, you can challenge them by asking “How could this be not true?” or “What if
we could do this halfway?”. After you make a list of such questions, you must think about
how to make it a reality. By asking these silly questions, you will be able to come up with
more innovative ideas with out-of-box thinking.

5. Analogies

In reality, Analogies are used to explain complex realities to young children by their
parents. Things may be different in the design world; the concept is pretty much the
same. You use analogies to,
 Build empathy with users
 Define information
 Generate new and innovative ideas
 Gain a fresh look

The concept of Analogies is used to explore unrelated concepts to gain new insights into
your design problems. These insights may help you to reshape a known concept into a
whole different one within a different context. Purposely looking into analogies gets the
design team thinking on a different level which will help to find new inspiration and new
ideas on a specific concept. Analogies can help the team to seek inspiration on problem-
solving as well as redesign the design problem to come up with uncommon design
solutions.

Using analogies will give you a fresh aspect to look at your design problems. There are 6
simple steps to come up with analogies,
1. Extract attributes of your problem scenario
2. Look for similar objects and their behaviors
3. Look towards an industry completely different from yours
4. Look for specific people that you could interview
5. Use Brainstorming methods
6. Create an analogous inspiration board
 First, check if you can make connections within the scenarios of the problem
where these attributes exist. Afterward, check for similar objects that provide an
innovative use of resources. To create better analogies by learning through a completely
different industry. You can conduct interviews or observations to get more information
needed to create your analogy and then to come up with the analogies you can conduct
brainstorming sessions with your team members. After you have a definite set of
analogies you can create an analogous board with photos, quotes, and scenarios to help
with inspiration and insights for better design solutions.

Pattern Breaking Strategies

 Read a different newspaper or magazine
 Watch a film
 Watch a film
 Do lateral thinking puzzles
 Games
 Brain-twisters

Idea- collection processes:

 Brainstorming/Brain-writing,
 Mapping thoughts
 SCAMPER methods,
 Metaphoric thinking, - Metaphoric thinking is a substitutional mental process
in which implicit comparisons are made between qualities of objects which are
usually considered in separate classifications. A metaphor means comparing two
things that in reality are not literally the same.
Use metaphorical thinking to explain complex ideas with these four steps:

1. Identify what you are trying to communicate.

2. Determine the essence of the message.

3. Think of other instances in life where that same characteristic, idea, emotion, state,
etc. applies.

4. There may be many metaphors for the situation you are describing – choose the one
that will best relate to your audience.

 Outrageous thinking,
  We hire top models to work in our restaurant as waiters.”
 “We kidnap people from the streets and lock them in our restaurant.”etc.
Obviously, these suggestions are unacceptable or not very realistic. Yet they
spark our imagination. Most people will smile or laugh about these weird solutions.
These outrageous ideas help to get the creative juices flowing.

Eight Dimensional (8D) Approach to Ideation

The following is detailed information on the Eight-Dimensional Methodology for

inventive and innovative problem solving. The strategies are: 
1) Uniqueness,
2) Dimensionality,
3) Directionality,
4) Consolidation,
5) Segmentation,
6) Modification,
7) Similarity, and
8) Experimentation

Uniqueness

What is unique about the “processes, objects, dimensions, situations,

resources, concepts, principles, features, patterns, problems, or solutions”?
Could these observations be used to find solutions?
Dimensionality
What could be done with space, time, cost, color, temperature, or any
other dimension?

Directionality
Could things be done from different directions or points of view? If so,
how?

Consolidation
Would it be helpful to consolidate “processes, objects, dimensions,
situations, resources, concepts, principles, features, patterns, problems, or
solutions”? If so, in what way?

Segmentation
How could segmentation of “processes, objects, dimensions,
situations, resources, concepts, principles, features, patterns, problems,
solutions” or dimensions help?

Modification
What if modifications to the existing “processes, objects, dimensions,
situations, resources, concepts, principles, features, patterns, problems,
solutions” are introduced?

Similarity
Why not look at similar “processes, objects, dimensions, situations,
resources, concepts, principles, features, patterns, problems, or solutions”?

Experimentation
Could estimating, guessing, simulating, or experimenting help? If so,
how?

Inventive Thinking: TRIZ methodology.

TRIZ, also known as the theory of inventive problem solving, is  a technique that
fosters invention for project teams who have become stuck while trying to solve a
business challenge. It provides data on similar past projects that can help teams find a new
path forward.
TRIZ is the Russian acronym for the "Theory of Inventive Problem Solving,"
an international system of creativity developed in the U.S.S.R. between
1946 and 1985, by engineer and scientist Genrich S. Altshuller and his
colleagues.

According to TRIZ, universal principles of creativity form the basis of

innovation. TRIZ identifies and codifies these principles, and uses them to
make the creative process more predictable.

TRIZ Tools

1. Generalizing Problems and Solutions

Using TRIZ consists of learning these repeating patterns of problem and

solution, understanding the contradictions present in a situation, and
developing new methods of using scientific effects.

You then apply the general TRIZ patterns to the specific situation that
confronts you, and discover a generalized version of the problem.
2. Eliminating Contradictions

Another fundamental TRIZ concept is that there are fundamental

contradictions at the root of most problems. In many cases, a reliable way
to solve a problem is to eliminate these contradictions.

TRIZ recognizes two categories of contradictions:

1. Technical contradictions. These are classical engineering "trade-offs,"

where you can't reach the desired state because something else in the
system prevents it. In other words, when something gets better,
something else automatically gets worse. For example:

 The product gets stronger (good), but the weight increases (bad).
 Service is customized to each customer (good), but the service
delivery system gets complicated (bad).
2.Physical (or "inherent") contradictions. These are situations in which
an object or system suffers contradictory, opposite requirements. Everyday
examples include:

 Software should be complex (to have many features), but simple (to be
easy to learn).
 Coffee should be hot (to be enjoyed), but cool (to avoid burning the
drinker).
 An umbrella should be large (to keep the rain off), but small (to be
maneuverable in a crowd).

TRIZ is a system of creative problem solving, commonly used in

engineering and process management. It follows four basic steps:

1. Define your specific problem.

2. Find the TRIZ generalized problem that matches it.
3. Find the generalized solution that solves the generalized problem.
4. Adapt the generalized solution to solve your specific problem.
Most problems stem from technical or physical contradictions. Apply one of
hundreds of TRIZ principles and laws to eliminate these contradictions, and
you can solve the problem.