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11 211 3NotesKEY
11 211 3NotesKEY
3 (2).notebook February 12, 2018
Vectors In Space and
Cross Products
Sections 11.2 & 11.3
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Precalc_11.2_11.3 (2).notebook February 12, 2018
Learning Targets:
How do we solve problems involving
vectors in three dimensions?
How do we determine the cross product
of two vectors?
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Precalc_11.2_11.3 (2).notebook February 12, 2018
Vectors in Space:
Component Form: v = ‹v1,v2,v3›
Standard unit vector: v = v1i + v2j + v3k
Equal vectors: iff corresponding components =
Magnitude: ||u|| = √u12 + u22 + u32
Sum: u + v = ‹u1 + v1, u2 + v2, u3 + v3›
Scalar: cu = ‹cu1, cu2, cu3›
Dot Product: u•v = u1v1+ u2v2+ u3v3
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Precalc_11.2_11.3 (2).notebook February 12, 2018
Example Problems:
1. If n: (2,4,1) and s:(3,5,2)
then determine the following:
Component Form of ns:
||ns|| =
Unit Vector =
2. If u = ‹2,3,7› then determine the following:
u + ns =
u•ns =
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Precalc_11.2_11.3 (2).notebook February 12, 2018
Angle Between 2 Vectors:
cos Ø = u • v ;
||v|| ||u||
*vectors are orthogonal (perp.) if u•v = 0
*Parallel if comp multiplied by scalar: u = cv
Ex: Find the angle Ø between the vectors:
u = ‹4,1,3›; v = ‹0,1,5›.
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Precalc_11.2_11.3 (2).notebook February 12, 2018
Cross Product
• This product is a vector unlike the
dot product.
• It is represented by a x.
• It may not be used with 2D
vectors.
• Order is important, NOT
COMMUNATIVE
So a x b is NOT EQUAL to b x a.
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Precalc_11.2_11.3 (2).notebook February 12, 2018
Algebraic Properties
u x v = (v x u)
u x (v + w) = (u x v) + (u x w)
c(u x v) = (cu) x v = u x (cv)
u x 0 = 0 x u = 0
u x u = 0
u • (v x w) = (u x v) • w
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Precalc_11.2_11.3 (2).notebook February 12, 2018
Geometric Properties of Cross
Product
• u x v is orthogonal to both u and v
• ||u x v|| = ||u|| ||v|| sin Ø
• u x v = 0 iff u and v are scalar multiples
• ||u x v|| = area of parallelogram w/
u and v as
adjacent sides
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Precalc_11.2_11.3 (2).notebook February 12, 2018
Determine the cross product:
If u = 2i + j + 3k and v = i + 3j + 2k
u x v =
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Precalc_11.2_11.3 (2).notebook February 12, 2018
Extra Practice:
Find u x v and show that it is orthogonal
to both u and v if: u = ‹6,8,3›; v = ‹5,2,5›.
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