11 Agri.

Crop Production
PERFROMING NURSERY
OPERATION
3rd Grading
Module 1/Week 1

Writer: Jennifer B. Duran

 PERFORMING NURSERY OPERATIONS
(Prepare nursery tools, farm implements,
and simple equipment)
Quarter 3/ Module 1

At the end of this module learners will be able to;

 Explain the importance of farm tools, implements and equipment in crop

production
 Describe appropriate safety measures in the use of farm tools and
equipment.

LESSON PROPER:

 One of the cultural practices involved in the crop production is land

preparation. Preparing the area intended for growing various crops entails
the use farm tools, implements and equipment. The use of farm tools,
equipment and implements depends on the size of the area to be cultivated.
 For small area which is classified as backyard gardening, farm tools such as
shovel, pick- mattock, grab hoe, spade and rake are used in land
preparation. In huge areas, to facilitate land preparation the use of
mechanize equipment like tractor with farm implements is practiced.
HAND TOOLS

 Are usually light and are used without the help of animals or machines.
They are used in performing farm activities which involved small areas like
school garden and home garden.
Examples;

1. Bolo – is a general utility tool when other garden tools are not available.. It is
also used for cutting grasses and digging small holes for planting.
2. Crowbar – is used for digging holes, transplanting fruit trees and digging out
big stone.
3. Pick mattock – is used for digging, breaking hard and compact soil. The
point part is used for digging out stumps and stones.
4. Grab - hoe - is used for breaking hard and compact soil as well as
pulverizing soil.
5. Spade – is used for constructing ditches or canals. It is also used for digging
out a garden plot or breaking apart large soil clumps.
6. Rake – is used for leveling and pulverizing the soil. It is also used for
removing stones and weeds.
7. Spading fork - is used to beak up the ground, dig bulbs, and turn soil or
compost. The garden fork will allow you to gently loosen the soil without
damaging your crops.
8. Light hoe – is used for loosening and levelling soil and digging out furrows
for planting.
9. Hand trowel – is used to dig holes in the garden soil for nursery transplants
as well as to gently cultivate around the plant.
 10.Spade – is used for constructing ditches or canals. It is also used for digging
out a garden plot or breaking apart large soil clumps.
11. Time Hand cultivator – is used for cultivating the garden plot by loosening
the soil and removing young weeds around the plant.
12. Hand Fork – for inter row cultivation.
13. Pruning Shears – is used for cutting unwanted small branches, harvesting
vegetables, and cutting flowers.
14. Axe – is used for cutting bigger branches of trees as well as post.
15. Knife – is for cutting small and light materials used in farm operations.

FARM IMPLEMENTS

 These are accessories which are pulled by draft animals or mounted to

mechanized equipment ( Hand tractor, tractor) during land preparation such
as plowing, harrowing, and furrowing.
Examples;

1. Plow – is a farm implement pulled by draft animal or a tractor. It is

specifically used used for cultivating the soil, making furrows and inter row
cultivation.
2. Harrow – the native wooden harrow is made of wood with metal tooth and
pulled by draft carabao while the disc harrow is made of metal mounted to a
tractor. Harrows are used for tilling and pulverizing soil.
3. Rotavator – is an implement mounted to a tractor used for tilling and
pulverizing the soil.
EQUIPMENT

 These are mechanized farm equipment used for pulling agricultural

machinery or trailers, for plowing, harrowing and similar tasks
( transporting farm inputs and products. These equipment need a highly
skilled operators.
Examples;

1. Hand Tractor – is used to pull a plow and harrow in preparing a large area of
land
2. Four wheel tractor – or (4x4) is a four – wheeled vehicle with a drivetrain that
allows all four wheels to receive torque from the engine simultaneously.
3. Water pumps – are used to draw irrigation water from a source.

OTHER MATERIALS, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

1. Water pails – use for hauling water, manure and fertilizers.

2. Sprinklers - or watering seedlings and young plants.
3. Wheel barrow – use for hauling trash, manures, fertilizers, planting materials
and other equipment.
4. Sprayers – for spraying insecticides, foliar fertilizers, fungicides and
herbicides.
 Farmers and Agricultural workers must be aware of hazards associated with
farm equipment. By using safety procedures, workers can prevent injury. It
has been mentioned earlier, that tools implements and equipment facilitate
 work conveniently but then a user must bear in mind that knowledge of the
use of these tools leads to a safe and successful endeavor.
GENERAL EQUIPMENT SAFETY

Keeping equipment in good working condition is half the formula for being safe. The
other half is the ability and awareness of the person operating the equipment.

Safety = Good working Equipment + Able and Aware Operator

 Equipment failure causes some farm accidents; however , most farm

accidents are caused by tired, stressed, rushed, distracted, or incompetent
operators.
 Before using any tools, implements, an equipment, always check whether or
not they are still usable or serviceable. Always check or refer to the Manual
of Operations as prescribed by the manufacturers for other tools and
equipment that are new to you.
10 Basic Guidelines for Equipment Safety
1. Read and comply with the Operators safety Manual for each piece of farm
equipment
2. Prepare for safety by wearing appropriate clothing, only properly fitted work
clothing should be worn while operating farm equipment; no loose fitting
clothes. Keep all guards, shields, and access doors in place when the
equipment is in operation.
3. Be aware of what you are doing and where you are going.
4. Adjust equipment speed to fit operating conditions.
5. Keep children and other people away from the working area.
6. Take breaks from work, as necessary.
7. Always stop the engine , disconnect the power source, and wait for all
moving parts to stop, before servicing, adjusting, cleaning, or unclogging
equipment.
8. Display the slow moving vehicle emblem on equipment driven on public
roadways.
9. Never allow children to ride on or walk close to moving implements trailers,
or wagons.
10.Allow the engine to cool before refueling.

For productive and effective farm facilities, the following are the activities you can
immediately implement.

 Schedule a regular clean up at least twice a year

 Schedule clean – up activities twice a month
 For regular clean – up chores, give workers about five minutes daily to tidy
the work.
 Cultivate the habit of collecting waste even before it touches the floor.
For proper care and maintenance of farm Tools and Equipment the following
guidelines should be observed:

1. Hand tools must always be kept dry in a tool rack when they are not being
used.
2. Tools should be washed or cleaned before keeping them in the tool rack.
 3. The iron parts of tools should be oiled, greased or painted with coal tar when
they are to be stored for a long time.
4. Defective tools should be repaired immediately. Those tools, implements,
and equipment which are beyond repair should be dispose properly.
5. Cutting and digging tools ( bolos, scythe, hoes and axes) should be
frequently sharpened.
ANALYSIS:

1. Give at least 5 basic guidelines for equipment safety.

2. Explain why it is important to use farm equipment in horticultural
production.
3. Enumerate examples of farm tools, farm implements and equipment.

EVALUATION:

Connect the correct answer from column A to Column B by making a line.

A B

1. It is used for cutting bigger size Hand fork

post.
2. It is used for inter row Knife
cultivation.
3. It is used for cutting planting Axe
materials and for performing
other operations in horticulture. Rake
4. It is used for cleaning the
ground and levelling the top soil. Grab – hoe
5. It is used for breaking hard
topsoil. Plows
6. It is used for tilling large areas,
making furrows. Harrows
7. It is used for tilling and
pulverizing soil. Water pail
8. Used for hauling water, manure
and fertilizers Sprinklers
9. Used for watering seedlings and
young plants. Sprayers
10.Used for spraying insecticides,
foliar fertilizers, fungicides and Hand tractor
herbicides.
Water pump

References:
Agricultural production book
K-12 Exploratory
Salvador B. Romeo, Ed.D
Catherine G. Romo
Pages 86- 96