TIME TENSES

Affirmative form: A.

Negative form: N.

Question/Interrogative form: Q.

Short Answers: SA.

Subject: S.

Complements: C.

Infinitive verb: 1ª column.

Past verb: 2ª column.

Participle verb: 3ª column.

 Present Simple: yo juego

A  S + infinitive verb (-s; -es; -ies singular third person) + C

N  S + don’t / doesn’t + infinitive verb + C

Q  Do / Does + S + infinitive verb + C + ?

SA  Yes + , + S + do / does

No + , + S + don’t / doesn’t

 Present Continuous: yo estoy jugando

A  S + am / is / are (‘m; ‘s; ‘re) + -ing verb + C

N  S + am not / is not / are not (‘m not; isn’t; aren’t) + -ing verb + C

Q  Am / Is / Are + S + -ing verb + C + ?

SA  Yes + , + S + am / is / are (‘m; ‘s; ‘re)

No + , + S + am not / is not / are not (‘m not; isn’t; aren’t)

 Past Simple: yo jugué

A  S + past verb (-ed in regular verbs) + C

N  S + didn’t + infinitive verb + C

Q  Did + S + infinitive verb + C + ?

SA  Yes + , + S + did

No + , + S + didn’t

 Past Continuous: yo estaba jugando

A  S + was / were + -ing verb + C

N  S + was not / were not (wasn’t; weren’t) + -ing verb + C

Q  Was / Were + S + -ing verb + C + ?

SA  Yes + , + S + was / were

No + , + S + was not / were not (wasn’t; weren’t)

 Present Perfect: yo he jugado

A  S + have / has + participle verb + C

N  S + haven’t / hasn’t + participle verb + C

Q  Have / Has + S + participle verb + C + ?

SA  Yes + , + S + have / has

No + , + S + haven’t / hasn’t

 Present Perfect Continuous: yo he estado jugando

A  S + have / has + been + -ing verb + C

N  S + haven’t / hasn’t + been + -ing verb + C

Q  Have / Has + S + been + -ing verb + C + ?

SA  Yes + , + S + have / has

No + , + S + haven’t / hasn’t

 Past Perfect: yo había jugado

A  S + had + participle verb + C

N  S + hadn’t + participle verb + C

Q  Had + S + participle verb + C + ?

SA  Yes + , + S + had

No + , + S + hadn’t

 Past Perfect Continuous: yo había estado jugando

A  S + had + been + -ing verb + C

N  S + hadn’t + been + -ing verb + C

Q  Had + S + been + -ing verb + C + ?

SA  Yes + , + S + had

No + , + S + hadn’t

 To be going to: yo voy a jugar

A  S + am / is / are (‘m; ‘s; ‘re) + going to + infinitive verb + C

N  S + am not / is not / are not (‘m not; isn’t; aren’t) + going to + infinitive verb + C

Q  Am / Is / Are + S + going to + infinitive verb + C + ?

SA  Yes + , + S + am / is / are (‘m; ‘s; ‘re)

No + , + S + am not / is not / are not (‘m not; isn’t; aren’t)

 Future Simple: yo jugaré

A  S + will (‘ll) + infinitive verb + C

N  S + won’t + infinitive verb + C

Q  Will + S + infinitive verb + C + ?

SA  Yes + , + S + will

No + , + S + won’t
  Future Continuous: yo estaré jugando

A  S + will (‘ll) + be + -ing verb + C

N  S + won’t + be + -ing verb + C

Q  Will + S + be + -ing verb + C + ?

SA  Yes + , + S + will

No + , + S + won’t

 Future Perfect: yo habré estado jugando

A  S + will (‘ll) + have + participle verb + C

N  S + won’t + have + participle verb + C

Q  Will + S + have + participle verb verb + C + ?

SA  Yes + , + S + will

No + , + S + won’t

 Conditionals:

- Zero contidional:
If + present simple + , + presente simple
If you heat water, it boils  si calientas agua, hierve.

- First contidional:
If + present simple + , + future simple
If you play with me, you’ll regret it  si juegas conmigo, lo lamentarás

- Second contidional:
If + past simple + , + would (n’t) + infinitive verb.
If you played better, your team would win the match  si jugases mejor, tu
equipo ganaría el partido.
If you played better, your team wouldn’t lose the match  si jugases major,
tu equipo no perdería el partido.

- Third contidional:
If + past perfect + , + would (n’t) have + participle verb.
If you hadn’t eat too much, you wouldn’t have had tummy ache  si no
hubieras comido tanto, no tendrías dolor de barriga.
If you made the exercises correctly, you would have passed the exam  si
hubieras hecho los ejercicios correctamente, habrías aprobado el examen.