FACULTY OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

BACHELOR IN OFFICE SYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT (HONS.)

(BA232)

ENGLISH FOR CRITICAL ACADEMIC READING (ELC501)

PORTFOLIO: IS THE SOCIAL MEDIA CREATING MORE BEHAVIOURAL

PROBLEMS AMONG TEENS?

PREPARED BY:
NAME STUDENT ID GROUP
Anjela Malaya Anak Entering 2021125777 BA2322B
Dahsy’ra Anak Simon 2020853028 BA2322B
Edward Kudi Anak Joseph 2021100653 BA2322B
Hasyimah Husna Binti Majidi 2021118865 BA2322B
Henrietta David 2021101181 BA2322B

PREPARED FOR:
Madam Ch’ng Looi Chin

DATE OF SUBMISSION:
15 July 2021
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TIME FRAME FOR DISCUSSION .......................................................................................... 3

OUTLINE OF FORUM DISCUSSION .................................................................................... 4
SCRIPT .................................................................................................................................... 13
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ 18
APPENDICES ......................................................................................................................... 20
 TIME FRAME FOR DISCUSSION
DATE & TIME
17th JUNE 2021 (08:00 – 10:00 AM)
18th JUNE 2021 (08:00 – 10:00 PM)
20th JUNE 2021 (10:00 AM – 01:00 PM)
3rd JULY 2021 (04:00 – 05:00 PM)
5th JULY 2021 (08:00 – 09:00 PM)
6th JULY 2021 (02:00 – 04:00 PM)
REMARKS
Choosing the topic’s issue
Understanding the topic’s issue chosen
1. Doing research on the topic’s issue chosen
2. Delegation of work and role of each member
3. Understanding the role of each member
4. Discussion on the forum portfolio outline
Practice 1
Practice 2
Final practice
3
 OUTLINE OF FORUM DISCUSSION

Title: Is the Social Media Creating More Behavioural Problems Among Teens?

CLAIM PREMISES COUNTER

ARGUMENT
Agree • Social Media is one of the (Dahsy’ra)
Hasyimah Husna platforms that can bring another
• Cyberbullying
level of crime, which is cyberbully. can be avoided.
• To decrease your
• Cyberbullying can take on many chances of
forms, including personal attacks, getting
cyberbullied,
harassment, or discriminatory change your
behavior, cyberstalking and also settings and your
online behavior.
'Trolling.'
• Starts when the internet started to
grow where the social media
platform keeps existing from day to
day.
1st Point - Lead to • Unfortunately, this crime was
Cyberbullying. committed not only by adults, but
also by children, particularly by
aggressive teenagers.
• Teenagers who are addicted to
social media, as well as those who
spend more time online, are more
likely to engage in cyberbullying.
• A 2019 study revealed that almost
37% of American children aged
12–17 have reported being bullied
or harassed over the Internet and
via social media outlets. But,
according to the National Crime
Prevention Council, only a little

4
 over 10% of these victims report
the incidents.
• According to U-Report Malaysia’s
recent statistics, 28% out of 6,953
young people in Malaysia polled
recently say they have been a
victim of online bullying, with
43% of them experiencing it
through online games and private
messaging and social media apps
including Facebook, Instagram,
WhatsApp, YouTube and Twitter.
• Not only that, social media also
can lead to peer pressure among
teenagers.
• According to Merriam-Webster
the definition of peer pressure is a
feeling that one must do the same
things as other people of one's age
and social group in order to be
liked or respected by them.
• There are many examples of
negative peer pressure among
2nd Point - Peer
Pressure teens which is bullying, distraction
from schoolwork, drastic changes
in behaviour and attitudes and also
pressure to use alcohol, cigarettes,
or drugs.
• According to (Allen, 2003) shows
that peers have a greater influence
on adolescent substance abuse
than do parents. Peers can
encourage friends to use drugs and

5
 alcohol or tease them for being
afraid to try them, which can lead
to the initiation of drinking and
drug use.
• Moreover, according to article title
“How Social Media Influences
Teens” Peer pressure to use drugs
and alcohol was once thought to be
only occur at high school social
gatherings, but now social media
has created a new system that
encourages teen substance abuse.
Studies have found that as many as
75% of teens felt pressured to
drink alcohol and use drugs after
seeing their friends post about
these activities online
Henrietta David • Teens who spend more than three (Anjela Malaya Anak
hours a day on social media are Entering)
1st Point - Lead to more likely to report high levels of • On the article of
mental health behaviors that may be indicators of Strickland, 2017
problem mental health problems compared “Exploring the
to adolescents who do not use Effect of Social
social media at all, according to a Media Use on the
new study from researchers at the Mental Health of
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School Young Adults”,
of Public Health. social media is
use promotes
• The study, published today in risky behaviors
JAMA Psychiatry, examined the regarding mental
time adolescents reported health, including
spending on social media and replacing time for
behaviors that can be indicators of face-to-face

6
 mental health problems: conversations
internalizing and externalizing. and increasing
Internalizing behaviors can sedentary
involve social withdrawal, behaviors, two
directing feelings inward, or identified
difficulty coping with anxiety or protective factors
depression. Externalizing against mental
behaviors can include aggression, illness.
acting out, disobeying, or other • Not only that,
observable behaviors. Strickland (2017)
• It is a concern for young adults as found that chat
well, since 25% of 18-25 years old rooms and 19
report having some form of mental gaming social
illness. Depression is particularly media reduced
increasing among girls. In one risk of depressive
study from 2020, people who symptoms while
deactivated their Facebook those that
account for a month reported promoted image
lower depression and anxiety, as sharing increased
well as increases in happiness and narcissistic
life satisfaction. behavior, a risk
factor for mental
illness.
• In a recent study, a group of teens
spent 5 days in a camp without
access to any screen-based or
electronic communication and
2nd Point - Impact being limited to only in-person
Face-to-face
interaction. It seemed that the time
Communication
participants spent engaging with
other teens and adults face-to-face
made an important difference.

7
 • Teens spend less, or even no,
quality time with each other in real
life. Teenagers who spend more
time online have less desire to
have communication in a physical
life (Shim, 2007). This causes
people to gradually lose face-to-
face communication.
• Research also shows us people
with face-to-face dialogue
represent a higher quality of
communication than “back-to-
back” communication (Arnal,
2009). Categorically, a good face-
to-face communication skill is
indispensable, so we should
emphasize the importance of face-
to-face interactions and spend time
with people in real world.
Disagree • Communication is crucial in this Hasyimah Husna
Dahsy’ra Anak era where teens wish to keep their • Using social

Simon distance from others. Teens may media excessively

affects
use social media to having
individuals' social
conversations with their friends
skills when having
that they would not have had if
a face-to-face
1st Point – Social they were face to face.
conversation.
Skills • Social media used to strengthen • Face to face
communication between family conversation helps
members and friends particularly people understand
in their teenage years. the non-verbal
• According to Catherine, aspects of

connecting with family and friends communication.

for exchanging knowledge with

8
 them is one of the good benefits. • Using social media
(Newsanyway, 2021) too much makes it

• For example, teens may use social harder for people

to identify the
media to stay in touch with family
emotion being
members and their friend by
expressed by the
exchange pictures and videos, and
people with whom
interact with them.
they are talking.
This makes it
harder to respond
appropriately.
• In the article title
“The Effects of
Social Media on
Communication
Skills” states that
not understanding
a speaker’s
emotion causes
confusion to the
other participants
in the
conversation.
Texts could be
interpreted
differently because
they lack emotion,
and responses may
not be appropriate
for what was
trying to be
conveyed.
• Teens can utilize and exhibit their
abilities, such as photography and
dancing to others.

9
 • Then they can improve or
disregard the comments they
receive through social media sites.
• Some teenagers have already
begun to make money by
broadcasting their dance routines
or photography abilities.
• Indeed, for many teens aged 13 to
17, social media has become an
essential part of their daily lives.
2nd Point - • According to Pew Research Center
Creativity survey (2018), roughly 63 percent
of teens use social media on a daily
basis. In addition, 45 percent
claimed they were “almost
always” on the internet.
• Social media is an outlet for
creativity (Smart social, 2020),
teenagers may utilize social media
platforms to show off their
creativity and ideas to a non-
judgmental audience and get an
honest response. If they decide to
pursue that talent professionally,
the response becomes the outlines
process for them to enhance their
abilities.
• For example, a photographer or
filmmaker may begin by
uploading photos on Instagram,
Facebook, twitter and others while
a writer would use Tumblr to

10
 provide examples of their poetry
and essays.
• This demonstrates that, when it
utilized correctly, social media can
be an effective tool them to
showcase their interests and
receive feedback.
Anjela Malaya • According to the article of (Henrietta David)
Anak Entering “Children and Adolescents and • Teen social
Social Media” by Chassiakos et media use may
al., 2016, many teens use social increase risk of
media networks as places to mental health
increase awareness of current problems
1st Point – events, find community • Lack of face-to-
Emotional engagement opportunities, learn face
Support and about or join marginalized groups, communication
Community create communities for skills due to
Building collaboration, and learn about social media
healthy behaviors or personal
interests (Chassiakos et al., 2016)
• In addition, social media is used to
remain in touch and connected
with family and friends as well as
creating new connections to
people with common interests.
• For those who have a hard time
with eye contact or feel socially
awkward, social media networks
allow them an opportunity to
connect with others in a format
that may be more comfortable,
helping them form an identity and

11
 be more in control of other’s
perceptions of them.
• As stated by, Ben-Joseph, Hogan
& Strasburger, 2018 in their article
“Teaching Kids to be Smart about
Social Media”, access to
information is another benefit
social media can offer. Social
2nd Point – media profiles have the ability to
Provide Unlimited help students connect with
Access to educators and have easy access to
Information news and relevant information
(Ben-Joseph, 2018; Hogan &
Strasburger, 2018).
• Social media has the ability to
reach millions of users with
targeted health information, also
making it a cost-effective tool.
While most of the health
information searched for online
revolves around fitness and
nutrition, diabetes was the most
searched for specific health issue,
followed by mental health.

12
 SCRIPT

MODERATOR – Edward Kudi Anak Joseph (2021100653)

PARENT – Hasyimah Husna Binti Majidi (2021118865)
COUNSELLOR – Henrietta David (2021101181)
INFLUENCER – Dahsy’ra Anak Simon (2020853028)
PSYCHIATRIST – Anjela Malaya Anak Entering (2021125777)

Moderator : Good evening everyone. Welcome to our forum for today. The topic for our
forum today “Is the Social Media Creating More Behavioural Problems among
Teens? First of all, I would like to introduce the panel of this forum. First is
Hasyimah Husna binti Majidi as a parent, Henrietta David as a counsellor from
UiTM Sarawak, Dahsy’ra Anak Simon as an Instagram influencer and Anjela
Malaya Anak Entering as a Psychiatrist from Rejang Medical Centre. Welcome
to our forum and I hope all of you doing well. I am Edward Kudi Anak Joseph
as your moderator for today.
Alright, what is social media? According to Ivy Wigmore, Content Editor social
media is a collective term for websites and applications which focus on
communication, community-based input, interaction, content-sharing and
collaboration. Using social media brings lot of benefits towards its user. There
are several benefits of using social media which are build relationship, it’s allow
you to share your expertise, increase your visibility, educate yourself and many
more.
According to the survey that has been conducted by American Academy of
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, it shows that ninety percent of teens ages 13
until 17 have used social media. Seventy five percent report having at least one
active social media profile, and 51% report visiting a social media site at least
daily. Two thirds of teens have their own mobile devices with internet
capabilities. Though social media brings lot of benefit, it also have negative
impact to us especially for the teens nowadays. Madam Husna, what is your
opinion about the topic?
Husna : Thank you Mr. Edward. In my opinion social media creating more behavioural
problems among teens. This is because Social Media is one of the platforms that
can bring another level of crime, which is cyberbully. Cyberbullying is a form
of bullying or harassment using electronic communication such as website,
social media, texting online and others.
Dahsy’ra : I didn’t quite get that Madam Husna, can you elaborate more about your point?

13
Husna: Sure Ms. Dahsy'ra, this crime was committed not only by adults, but also by
children, particularly by aggressive teenagers. Teenagers who are addicted to
social media, as well as those who spend more time online, are more likely to
engage in cyberbullying. A 2019 study revealed that almost 37% of American
children aged 12–17 have reported being bullied or harassed over the Internet
and via social media outlets. But, according to the National Crime Prevention
Council, only a little over 10% of these victims report the incidents
Dahsy’ra : Yes, perhaps, but I think cyberbullying is not the main problem that caused by
social media because cyberbullying can be avoided. Right?
Henrietta : I’m sorry interrupt, but I agree with the point provided by Madam Husna. As
from my point of view, social media creating more behavioural problem among
teens such as it can lead to mental health problem.
Dahsy’ra : Ms. Henriettta, why do you said that it can lead to mental health? Is there any
evidence?
Henrietta : According to a new study from researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg
School of Public Health, teens who spend more than three hours a day on social
media are more likely to report high levels of behaviours that may be indicators
of mental health problems compared to adolescents who do not use social media
at all.
Anjela : I think I can agree with your point here Ms. Henrietta. I also have heard about
that kind of statement before.
Moderator : So, based on the point that has been stated by Madam Husna and Ms. Henrietta.
They clearly support that the uses of social media among teens can lead to
cyberbully crime and mental health problem. However, this statement still need
the evidence to support it. May I ask you Ms. Anjela and Miss Henrietta, what
is you guys opinion?
Anjela : I will express my first point and opinion about this issue. First of all, I respect
all opinions on this matter. Nevertheless, I am presenting my counter argument
to Miss Henrietta's point. It is because, from my experience as a psychiatrist
social media is actually use to promote the risky behaviours regarding mental
health. According to the article from Strickland (2017), found that chat rooms
and gaming social media can reduce the risk of depressive symptoms.
Henrietta : Ms. Anjela could you provide your evidence on your point?
Anjela : Undoubtedly. There is research-based from the article of "Children and
Adolescents and Social Media" by Chassiakos, 2016, many teens use social
media networks as places to increase awareness of current events, find
community opportunities, learn about marginalized group and learn about the
healthy behaviour or personal interest.

14
Dahsy’ra : I totally agree with you Ms. Anjela which brings me to present my point of
view that is social media can enhance social skill of teenagers. This is because
social media used to strengthen communication between family members and
friends particularly in their teenage years.
Henrietta : sorry to interrupt, Ms. Dahsy’ra but what evidence provided to support your
point?
Dahsy’ra : Well, according Newsanyway by Catherine, connecting with family and
friends for exchanging knowledge with them is one of the good benefits. For
example, teens may use social media to stay in touch with family members and
their friend by exchange pictures and videos, and interact with them.
Moderator : Amazing. This discussion is getting interesting. Anybody who wish to add
their opinion?
Husna : That’s an interesting perspective Ms. Dahsy'ra but I would disagree because
using social media excessively affects individuals' social skills when having a
face-to-face conversation. Face to face conversation helps people to understand
the non-verbal aspects of communication. Using social media too much makes
it harder for people to identify the emotion being expressed by the people with
whom they are talking. This makes it harder to respond appropriately.
Anjela : Can your evidence be proven Madam Husna?
Husna : Yes Ms. Anjela. According to the article title “The Effects of Social Media on
Communication Skills” states that not understanding a speaker’s emotion causes
confusion to the other participants in the conversation. Texts could be
interpreted differently because they lack emotion, and responses may not be
appropriate for what was trying to be conveyed.
Anjela : Alright, that’s quite a persuasive evidence Madam Husna. But as for me, for
those who have a hard time with eye contact or feel socially awkward, social
media allow them an opportunity to connect with others in a format that may be
more comfortable, helping them form an identity and be more in control of
other's perceptions of them. Also, as a psychiatrist I know this kind of behaviour
does exist and it is called introvert.
Henrietta : Interesting point, Madam Husna. But I think I must disagree with point
presented by Ms. Anjela and I would like to purpose counter argument. This is
because teens spend less, or even no, quality time with each other in real life.
Dahsy’ra : I see. But I think your evidence is not strong, Ms. Henrietta. It appears to be a
generalization without any concrete support. What about you Madam Husna?

15
Husna : In my point of view social media can lead to peer pressure among teenagers.
According to Merriam-Webster the definition of peer pressure is a feeling that
one must do the same things as other people of one's age and social group in
order to be liked or respected by them. There are many examples of negative
peer pressure among teens which is bullying, distraction from schoolwork,
drastic changes in behaviour and attitudes and also pressure to use alcohol,
cigarettes, or drugs. Do you agree with me Ms. Anjela?
Anjela : Could you show us some evidence to that Madam Husna?
Husna : Yes, of course. According to (Allen,2003) shows that peers have a greater
influence on adolescent substance abuse than do parents. Peers can encourage
friends to use drugs and alcohol or tease them for being afraid to try them, which
can lead to the initiation of drinking and drug use.
Henrietta : Very interesting!! I stand with your point Madam Husna. Social media not only
lead to peer pressure but also teenagers who spend more time online have less
desire to have communication in a physical life. This causes people to gradually
lose face-to-face communication.
Dahsy’ra : Well, that’s convincing Ms. Henrietta. You may be right there due to hard
communication in social media than face to face.
Henrietta : Yes, research also shows us people with face-to-face dialogue represent a
higher quality of communication than “back-to-back” communication (Arnal,
2009). Categorically, a good face-to-face communication skill is indispensable,
so we should emphasize the importance of face-to-face interactions and spend
time with people in real world.
Dahsy’ra : I agree up to a certain point, but I have my own point that is when social media
is utilized correctly, social media can be a platform for teenagers to show their
creativity.
Anjela : Indeed, what kind of creativity and how will they express it?
Dahsy’ra : Photographer or filmmaker. They may begin by uploading photos on
Instagram, Facebook, twitter and others while a writer would use Tumblr to
provide examples of their poetry and essays.
Husna : Do you have any evidence to prove your point?
Dahsy’ra : Yes, Social media is an outlet for creativity. This according to Smart social,
teenagers may utilize social media platforms to show off their creativity and
ideas to a non-judgmental audience and get an honest response. If they decide
to pursue that talent professionally, the response becomes the outlines process
for them to enhance their abilities. As an influencer i have begun to make money
by broadcast my dance routine to my channel.
Moderator : Great discussion by all panel members. Anyway, I would happily remind all
of you on the time remaining for this discussion. I hope everyone have a fair
turn on presenting their own point.

16
Anjela : Pardon me Mr. Edward, I just want to justify my last point. May I?
Moderator : Sure, you can proceed.
Anjela : I’ll make it short. My last point is that social media can provide unlimited
access to information. Social media has the ability to reach millions of users
with targeted health information, also making it a cost-effective tool. While
most of the health information searched for online revolves around fitness and
nutrition, diabetes was the most searched for specific health issue, followed by
mental health.
Henrietta : I would like to hear your evidence on this Ms. Anjela.
Anjela : Well, as stated by, Ben-Joseph, Hogan & Strasburger, 2018 in their article
“Teaching Kids to be Smart about Social Media”, access to information is
another benefit social media can offer. Social media profiles have the ability to
help students connect with educators and have easy access to news and relevant
information.
Dahsy’ra : That’s a good point Ms. Anjela.
Moderator : Okay, so I guess everyone had made a clear point on the issue “Is Social Media
Creating More Behavioural Problems Among Teens?” Personally, one of the
biggest pros of social media is that it nurtures and expands relationships.
Improving communication and strengthening human connection is the reason
social media emerged. But as we all know, social media also has its own
disadvantages.
Henrietta : So, do we all agree that social media brings more disadvantages to the
teenagers?
Dahsy’ra : Yeah, since all evidences provided were strong, and both of you and Mdm.
Husna has made a clear point of social media cause behaviour problems among
teens.
Anjela : No doubt, I agree too that social media brings more cons than the pros to the
youngsters.
Husna : Well, as what I stated from the start, of course I am agree. After all, the next
party did not make enough counterargument against our points which make their
evidence not strong.
Moderator : Alright. Since everyone had agreed, we can conclude that social media does
bring a lots of negative effects to the teenagers especially in the scope of
behavioural. Thank you to all panels for the commitment. Until then.

FINISHED

17
 REFERENCES

Allen, M., Donohue, W. A., Griffin, A., Ryan, D., & Turner, M. M. M. (2003). Comparing
The Influence Of Parents And Peers On The Choice To Use Drugs: A Meta-Analytic
Summary of the Literature. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 30(2), 163–186.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854802251002

Ben-Joseph, E.P. (2018, April). Teaching kids to be smart about social media. Retrieved from
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/social-media-smarts.html

Chassiakos, Y.R., Radesky, J., Christakis, D., Moreno M.A., & Cross, C. (2016, November).
Children and adolescents and digital media. Pediatrics, 138(5). Doi:10.1542/peds.2016-
2593

Cyberbullying on Social Media (What It Is and How to Avoid It), ( Febuary 19, 2021).
Retrieved from https://turbofuture.com/internet/Cyberbullying-and-Social-Media

Friedman, L. (2014). Benefits of Using Social Media. Retrieved from

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20140422162738-44670464-5-benefits-of-using-
social-media

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Peer pressure. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved July

1, 2021, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/peer%20pressure

Peer pressure and teenagers - ReachOut Parents. (n.d.). Reach Out.Com. Retrieved July 10,
2021, from https://parents.au.reachout.com/common-concerns/everyday-issues/peer-
pressure-and-teenagers

Pew research center, ( May 31, 2018). Teens, Social Media and Technology. Retrieved from
https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2018/05/31/teens-social-media-technology-
2018/

Say No To Cyber Bullying! (2019, February 25). RAAGA. https://raaga.my/trending/hot-

stuff/say-no-to-cyber-bullying

Smart social. (December 28, 2020). Positive Impact of Social Media. Retrieved from
https://smartsocial.com/positive-impact-of-social-media/

Social media and adolescents’ and young adults’ mental health. (2021, March 17). National
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Social Media and Teens (2018). American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
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Guide/Social-Media-and-Teens-100.aspx

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Strickland, A. (2014, Fall Term). Exploring the effects of social media use on the mental
health of young adults. Retrieved from
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es1990- 2015

Teen social media use may increase risk of mental health problems. (2019, September 11).
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The Annual Bullying Survey 2017.” Ditch the Label. Accessed July 30, 2019.
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The positive and negative impact of social media on teenagers (2021). Retrieved from
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Wigmore, I. (December 2020). Social Media. Retrieved from

https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/social-media

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 APPENDICES

Figure 1: Final Forum Presentation

20