13 C

,  

  
     &
()      .
� : /�, � �  �.
  � (�),  � : �
[  ] ��  � . � :  6
 5  2020 � : �   � : � 7
() �� �  : � 15
� , ,  � � : http://pgimer.edu.in

 
              & 
.     .     ()     .
 .   ,     �  : 173 � �� (�)�- 
      .      -13, -7
�  �-  �.
  .       .   -102,   � , ,  
    ,       -4, �/ �  �.
�-12 � �. � : �
   .    .     � ��� �-   � :  26
-14, -7 :  29
     .   �.
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� : http://pgimer.edu.in
   .
  
   ()     .
� : � � � : �
�  : 24 � :  10
�  � �   � :
� �. https://iobnet.org

      
  .     
    .
     
.
    
    
  .   
   .  

� �� �  �
� � � �
, ��  � �
 � �.
1. � �  �
2. �   
3. �    

4. � �, �  �
  �� �� 
 �.
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�    � �
 �.  � � �
  �.  �� �
�� ��. �� 
�    .
  ?
 � �� � ��
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
     ()    
 .
 �� �.
��    � �  : 32 � :  � �
 : �. � � �
� �� .
� �� -8,  .
�� -10, -7, � : �
  
 ��-2, � � :  30
� � �  ��-2, -3 � � :
� �
�
�. https://www.iccr.gov.in
� �  
� �

   .  

   ?
 ��  � 
� �� �. �� 
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 � 
� ��
   
      �      ,     
.      �  �� �� �  ��  �� �

��   � � . �� �� � � �     .
  . ���, � 
�� � . �� �  �  �. �

�   � ��� ���  � �,   � :   � (  � �.
� ��  � .  �

 � �� , ),  � � : � � 
��  �  �  �  �. ��   �� ��  ��� �

  �� �.  �
 � , , 
 � 
�  � �.
�� � , �
 � �, 
� �. �  �� �  �,  (,  �  � / .
�, , , , � : �
�  � � � � ��
��  �� �. �� , , ),  � :  3
 �, �, , :
   ?
�

�. �  ��  �� ��.

� , � , �   (�� ��) http://acad.uohyd.ac.in
, �  � �  �
� �.     �� �,  �  �� � 
�� �� 
 ,  �
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��
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 
  
  - 
  � � � �  �        (  
 � �. � � �   �  )-2020     .
� ��
  �   �  � �  � � 
� ��  �  � � � ��    ��  � �. � .
 �   � � � ��   � ��  �    �   
. �  � � �. � �     
� �  �� ���  � 
� �,  � � � � � � �. ��. . �   https://ntaneet.nic.in �
 � � �     � https://nta.ac.in �
� �  � 
� .
� �� � ...�   � �,    �.

   ?

 ? 43.  2020   
1) 75 2) 85 3) 80 4) 90   ?
32. 2019   ,   1) 2.1 2) -4.6 3) -0.5 4) 1.1
  ? 44. -19      ‘ 
1) � 2)   ’ ?
3) �� 4)  1) �  2) � 
1. ‘ ’  ? 33.     -   3)  4) �
1) � 2)  �    ? 45.    2020  ?
3)  � 4)   1)  2) � 3) � 4) � 1) 144 2) 124 3) 140 4) 120
2.    ? 34.        46.      
1) �  � 2) �   ?  ?
3)  �  4) � � 1) � 2)  3) �� 4) � 1) � 2)  3)  4) 
3.      ? 35.      . 47.      ?
1) � 2) �  ? 1)   2) � ��
3) � 4) ��  1) � 2) � � 3) �  4) � � �
4.    1884 ? 3) � � 4) � � 48.      2019 
1) � � 2) �  36.         ?
3)   4)   ? 1) � 2)  �
5.      1) 9 2) 10 3) 8 4) 18 3) � � 4) 1, 3
? 3) � 24 4) � 25 1) �� 2) �� 3) � 4) �� 37.    () 21    49. -19    
1) 11 2) 10 3) 15 4) 12 15.         23.       ?       2005     
6.      ? 1)  11 2)  14 #    .   ?
 ? 1) � 2) �
 3) � 14 4) � 4      ? 1) 7 2) 9 3) 11 4) 21
1) 7 2) 8 3) 9 4) 6 3)  4) �� 24. 2022      1)   � 50. 10    4   
7.    ? 16.    ? (1) ? 2) ��,     2020,  1  
1) 1861 2) 1893 3) 1877 4) 1871 1)  � 2) � 1) � 2)  3) �� 4) � 3) �   .       
8. 2022     ? 3)   3)  � 25.      4) �,   ?
1) � 2)  �� 17.  21    2020   ? 38.         1) �� 2) �  ��
3) � 4) �     ? 1) 55  2) 218  ()   ? 4) 3) � � 4) �  �
9.     ? 1)  � 3) 91 20 � 4)  1)  � �
1) � 2) � 3) � 4) � 2) ���  26.   ? 2)  � � 
10.        3) � � 4) � 1) �   2) �  3) � � 4) 1, 2 1-3 2-1 3-3 4-4 5-4 6-1
 ? 18.   15    3)   4) �� �� 39. 2020,      7-3 8-4 9-2 10-1 11-1 12-1
1) �.1.70 � 2) 1.80  �      ? 27.           ? 13-2 14-2 15-2 16-1 17-1 18-2
3) 1.60  � 4) 1.50  � 1) 1994 2) 2000 3) 2002 4) 2019  ? 1) � 2) � 3) �� 4)  19-1 20-2 21-1 22-1 23-3 24-1
11.       19.  22     1)  2)   40. ,    1940  26  25-4 26-2 27-4 28-1 29-2 30-4
     ?    ? 3)  � 4) � �      1  31-1 32-3 33-4 34-3 35-2 36-3
1)  2) �� 1)  �  � 28.      .    ? 37-3 38-4 39-1 40-3 41-4 42-2
3) � 4)   2)   ��   ? 1) ���� 2)  43-3 44-1 45-4 46-2 47-4 48-4
12.      ? 3)   4) � 1)  2) � 3)  � 4) �� 3) ��� 4) 
1) � 24.... 2) � 25 49-1 50-3
20.        29.      ? 41.    20 ( 20)  
3) � 26 4) � 27 .1,125   ? 1)   2)  � (2020, )   ?
13. 2021     1) �� 2) � 3)  4) � 3)  � 4) �   1) � 2) 
? 21.       30.        3) � 4) ��  
1) 31 2) 32 3) 33 4) 34 ?    ? 42. AEHF-6      ,   
14.      ? 1) 2020 2) 2021 3) 2022 4) 2019 1) 7 2) 6 3) 10 4) 15  ?    
1) � 21 2) � 22 22.    ? 31.        1) � 2)   3) � 4)  
13.      .      .  

C       .  
     .    
 ��  ��  ��� ��.
      .   
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 �� � � �� �  

 � ��    .  ‘�
 ,    .       �’ �. .�. 384-322 �
�    
�   156 ���   �� �
[  ]    .   .   �. �� � � � 
 12  2020 �� � �. � ��  �� �
   .     .. � ��. �� � � �  � 6
�   ��. ..

:  ��� � . 1932,

I - 1600-1773
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  �� 1600,  31 � 
� 8 � � �.
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��  � � (�   � �

1950� �� �
 �  � � �  � � �
. � �� �   �) �� ��. � � �� 
�  ���� �     ���� � 
� . .    �, ��, � ��
� :    � ( � .
).   1980� �� � �      
�. � � �  
�

 �    � � . 

.  � 1996�  �     �  ,  ��
�.   � .
� :     �� �
�.   �   II - 1773-1858
 � , � ��   (1773):    . ��
,  ,   .
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� ��  �   �

� :  �� � � � �� �    �
�.   � . � � .  ‘ ’ �.  �   
�  :   �.  , �� � �� ��.  �� ��
� � . � �  �� �, �, 
�  �- � , � �� �.
,  , �  ,  � 1773,  18   � �  �.. �
 , � , � 
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� �. �  �� ‘   

(), �  (�),  .   �  �    �’� �� .
�   :    � �  � � �
�  :   �.  ,   � �.
� .  �   � � � .
: � , �
�
�
� �   1) �  2) � 3)
  � 4) �.
�  :  , � , 1774   ,   
� , � � 
�

‘�  �’ �� � � � �.

  

,  , � 
,  � (�), 
 � (�), �.

 �� � �. ..  � ��� � , �� �
, �, �, ���, �, �,  , � .
�, �, ��, � ��,    (1784):  � �� 
�, �, �, �,� �, ��� .
�

�  �

�  - :  �� �, , 
�  / 2  50 � ��
 ��. � 50 � �
. � 50 � �� �
� �� � �� .
���  � 50 � �
. �� �   � 
� � �  50 �
�  �.� 
 � � ��.�
  (  )
� : 20 -25   �.
� :  50 � ��  (
: �,  �  
� � - , � -   �
��� .  ,   �
� � �  �� �
 ��  � � �
. � �   
� ��. �� � � 
� � .
 
:  152.5 .. �.  
�
 -1 
,  � � �  5
.. �. � �. 
� � �.
 
   � �. 
�
�, �.
�  (    ):
�  �� �  � 
� �.  �  �
. -1, -2.
, �,   
� -1  �   (). 
� �.
� -2 �   �� 
 �    ���
  ��   �
� : ��  �� � �
�� � � � �
� ����   
�.   � �
 �� � .
� �, � �  ���
https://airmenselection.cdac.in �� 
�.

  �  1784� �. � 
� ‘ ’  � ��  
�   �.  �  � 
 � .
� �  �   � ��  
 .
�
� �  �, , � �� 
�.  �      �
� �� .  �   � ��
 .
  (1793):   ��    � 
�
��  �.  �� �� � 20
 ��. � � �� ��� 
�.   �   � �.
� , , �, �,  �
�

     ���� �

  �  �) �  (   10+2   �.    �  �.14,600   .
� �

/� � / � � / �   � 20, � 25, �.  � �
��. �� 25,       (1813):  �� �  � � 20
� � � � �  �  �  ()-  �.31,100+ 
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  � 30  �.

�) �  ��  50
� ��   �. � 
/� �  �/ �
� � / � � 
�
 ��. �, �� �� �  
� �  (� )-  �.26,900+   � � �   �   �
 �� �    ,   -  �.40,600+ 
�.  ��.
�
   �� � ��.
� �� , , ,   � , �  �  �
 , � : 20  ��  �   , � � �.
�

� � �

50 � �� .
: /,   �/ �
 �  � �.
�  - :  �  � ��
 50 � ��  .
 � 50 � � �. 
��    � �
, , � �  50
� ��  ��.  
� 50 � � .
�    : � � 
� � ��  � � 
�� . �-   
 . , �,  
 �. �-   45
�. ,    
 ��  �. � -
,   � �
 85 � . , �,
, ,   
 �.    �.
�   �� 0.25
� � � .  ��
 �
 .    �
   �. � 
 .  � �
� � � ��
�� �.
: �  � � 
  � � , � �.
� :  -  �-
  �, ��, ,
� � , � ,
� , � �  
� �.
�. �� � �.   � �
� , , �, �,  � �. � � � �� �
 � �� � .
�� �.
�  ��    
��, � 
Airmen Selection Center
Air Force Station, Begumpet, Bowenpally,
Secunderabad – 500 011
040-27753512 (Direct) 040-27753500
Extn:467
� : http://indianairforce.nic.in.
...�  
  �� �   �� �

    ?

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3) � 4)  , ��,  � �. � �
29.       � .
 ....  .  �   (1833):  �� �  � � 20
  ?  ��.   ��    � 
1) � 2)  �  � �. � �  � 
3)  4) �       .
1.       15 9.      18.  1     ? 30.        �  �� ��  �� �
              1) � 2) 
�
? ��. �� � , �, 
 ?   ? 3) �� 4) � 1) � 2)  �   � � �
1) -5 2) -20 1) 10 2) 15 3) 18 4) 20 19.       3)  4) � �. �  � �  
3) -8 4) � 10.            ? 31.  10      .
2.         ? 1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) 5   .   � �� � �  �   � 
      1) 60 2) 70 3) 30 4) 50 20.    54  ?
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 ? � ���� � �  �.  
? 11.     10  1) � 2) � 1)  2)   � � �  ��. � � 
1)  2) ��    ? 3)  4)  3)  4) ��  � � � �.
3) � 4) � 1) �-� 21.     32. 6.2       � �� ��  � �  
3.   2020  -17 2) �-�     
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? �.    � �.
    .  3) �-��  ? 1)  2) �   (1853): � ��  . �  �
   ? 4) �- 1) 35 2) 36 3) 37 4) 38
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3) � 4) � �.  �   � ��
1) 2021 2) 2022 3) 2023 4) 2024 12.       22. 2022     33.     ? � � � �. �  � �
4.   ? ? .      1) �� 2) ��  �.
1)  � � 1)  4 2)  5 ? 3) �� 4) �   ��  �� �, � 
2) � � � 3)  8 4)  9 1) 2010 2) 2011 3) 2012 4) 2014
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34.       � �. �� ��  � ��
3)   13.      23.      ?  ?    � � �.   �
4) �  ? 1)   2)   1) � 2)   �.
5.         1) �� 2) � 3)  4)   3) � 4)    �� �� �  �
 ? 3)  4)  24.     ?
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�.  ��   �,

1) �
3) 
2) ��
4) �
14.   1965  ?
1)  2) �
1) -4
3) -5
2) -20
4) -7  ��, �, � ��  �.  
��� � � � ��   
6.  7     3) � 4)  25.      ? 1-2 2-4 3-1 4-3 5-4 6-2
.  1854� � �  � �.  
      ? 15. 2020     1) �� 2) ��� 7-2 8-3 9-1 10-4 11-2 12-4
� ��� .
1)  �  ? 3) � 4)  () 13-1 14-2 15-2 16-2 17-1 18-4
 �  ��  � � (1859),  
2) � ,  1) � 2) � 26.     2019
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19-1 20-1 21-1 22-1 23-3 24-4
� (1860),  � � (1861) ���.
3) �� � 3) �� 4) �      ? 25-4 26-4 27-1 28-1 29-3 30-3
 �   � ��� 
4)  16.         1) � 2) �
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31-4 32-3 33-1 34-2 �  � �� �  �  .
7.   .7.500         ? 3) � 4)  � �  �� �� 
     ? 1)  2)  27.   34   �� � � ��.
1) � 2)  3) � 4) �    ?
3) �� 4) � 17.      1) � 2)    � 1773  1858  � �  � 
,    .  ��  �  � �  �. 1858 
8. 2020      ?  ? 3) � 4) � � � � � �� �  �  ��
1) �� 2)  1) 3.28 � 2) 4.28 � 28.    ?    
  � � � � � �.
3)  � 4)  � 3) 4.21 � 4) 5.28 � 1) � 2) �
13.
C  ���  
[  ]
 18  2020
 
 
� �  �,
� ��,
 
 � 
� ‘
�’.  
� 2014, 
� � 
��� � 
�� �
�.  ��
� �� 2015
  .
��   � �
� �
 �� �� �
��  � 3,600 
�  . �
 � ���
�, �  �. 
�  � �,  
 
�   , 
 , � ��,
� , � ,
 � ,  ,
�   � ��
�� � �� �
 .
� ‘ � 
�’  .  
 � 167 ��  
2020,  22  .
 ��  �� � 
�
�.. � 2,  3, �
� 4, � 5, � 6,
  
� �   � � 
  ��. �
 ��  
‘�’�  �. 
�   � �
 � � � �
. � 74  �.
� 68   
�� �, � � 
� �  �
 �.
�  ��� 8,500 �
�
   
  (.. 261-260): �
�
, �  .
�   (.. 326): �
, �  .
   (.. 641):
�
 , �  .
  (.. 1000): ��
�
�� � �, 
  .
   (.. 1191):
�
� �� ,  � 
.
�    (.. 1192): 
� ��,  � .
�   (.. 1194): 
,  � .
   (.. 1526):
�
��, �  .
  (.. 1527): �
�
� �� , � .
  (.. 1528): 
�
�, �  .
�   (.. 1529): �,
 � �,  �
  .
�   (.. 1539): �
�, �  .
�  ()  (.. 1540):
��, �  .
   (.. 1556):
� �
,   .
 � ‘’  � 
� ��.
 �� ��  
� ��. 2019� � 
� ��.. 3,600  �
 �. � �
1972, �� 1356, ��
 142, � � 150 
�.
� 7, � 8, � 9, 
� 10 ��� �. �
 51 �� �.. 
167 �  �� .
2018� � 41 �� .
� � �� � �
� �.   
 ��   
 � � �
�  � �.
�  ( )  (..
1565):  ��, 
 �� (��, , �
�, ) � �
 .
�  (.. 1576): �� �
 ��  ,
�� �  .
  (.. 1656): 
�
, ���, � 
.
  (.. 1739): ��,
�
  .
�    (.. 1745):
,  �  .
   (.. 1749):
�
,  �   (�
  �� � �
 ).
   (.. 1756):
� �
,  �   (�
�  � �).
�   (.. 1757): �
� ���, �  �
�  �  .
�   (.. 1760): 
�   �,   
�  �  .
  (.. 1764): �
�
�  � �, 
�  .
�    (.. 1761):
 � � �,
��  .
�    (.. 1767):
�, � .
�    (.. 1780):
� �� .
   (.. 1790):
 �, �� .
 ()
�  �,  ��
��  .  �  
� ��� 
�, ��� �
  �� �
  �� .
� �  ‘�  ’.
�    60 .
�  � 260 
� .   �
� � 7000 .
  , 
   .
  . 
 ,   .
   .
  
  
. ,  ,
    
 .
�    � . 
 ��,   �
�    (DISASTER)
�.     � 
�.
� DISASTER- DUS  , ASTER
 . � �� �
�  �  �  
� ,  �  �
��. �   �
   .
� :  �  � �
���, �� ��
 �, , � 
  , � ��,
� , ��, �
 � �  
�
,�    �.
:  �
� � � �� ��
, �� ��� �
� �� � � 
  .
�   : � � �
� �  � 
 �� � ��
�� � �� 
   .
�   : � �
� � ���  
��  
� �,  �, �
� � �, �  
  �   .
�   � � �
� �� �   
��  �
� � ��  
� , �,     
�  �� 
 � �� , 
�
 ���   � 
 � �  
�    �,  �
 , �  
� 
   
1. , 2. , 3. �,
4.   �  �.
� /  (Hazard):
�  �� �� � �
, , ��  �
  ?
� � � 
 � (United Nations
International Stratagy for Disaster
Reduection) �� � 
 � (Global Assesment
Report) 2011 � ��
 � ��� 90 �
 ��, � �, 
 �� �. �
��   �
�� �, �  
�   ��.
 ��  ��� 
�.
� � �  
 �� � �� .
�  �, 
�  , �, �
�� ��� 
   ��
�.
� � � (Rashtriya Barh
Ayog) 1980�  ��
� � ��� �
12 � (40  ��) 
 . , �
���  � 
�.
�  1200  
�
� �. � ��
85 � � �  (�
  )  �
.   � �
�   , �
 � .
� , �, �, , �, ��
� � �  �
�, , , �, ,
�,
� �, �, � �
�   � ��
 ��.
, �, �,  
�
 �   
 �  
�
�
 (2010, )�
 (2010, �)
.  �   � 
� �   (2014, �)
  . � � (2019, �)
� �  � 20-50 .�. � �
 , � � (2019, �-)
 ��  �  �  (2019, )
�. �   �  (2019)
��  � . �  (2019, )
� 2004  �  � � (2019, �)
 � �  34 � � ((2018)
�    � �  (2018)
   �. � � (2018)
� � �� � � 
�  �.
� Hazard becomes Disaster 
�   � �.

1.  � (Natural Hazards)
2. �� -  � (Socio
Natural Hazards)
3. �  � (Human
Induced Hazards)
4. � �� .
� �, �,  �,
�� ,  �, � 
��  �
 �  � �.
� , ���, , 
�  � � ,
 �� � �. 
��- � �.
:   �  �
� �  ��  
 � �� �.
� �� ��, , �, �
��, � �, 
��, � � ,
��, �, , �
�    
�.
�    ��
�
�  �,  
 � �, 
�� �  
��  � 
�.
 
� , , �,  � 
   �  ‘
 ���’.
���  
�
�� � �. �
���   � �
.
 � ��� 
�
  �  �
�� .
   � ���
�
  � ,  
� � � .

� �� �� 
� � �� 
� ���   
� �,  �
�  � �
�  � �� 

�  �  
�
,  � 
�  � �.
�,  , �, 
�  � �.
: ��  �� �
  �� � ,
  .  � 
� �.
: 2001� �� � 
� 10 � �.

�   �  �
� �� � �� �
� �� �. � �
�� �  .  
 �.
: 2001� � � �
 � ��� �
 �, ��  , 
 � �,  � 
 � �  � �
�� ���.

 �� � /�
�
��  � �
 �  �.
� � �   �,
  ��.
  
1. � �
2. �� -  �

�,    
�
  ��  ���
�, � �� 
�, �� , , ��  
� �� � �
�  �  �
� �.
 X 
� = ———————
�
 
 1. � , 2. �� 
 �� �.
  
�  ��  � �. �
1.   
� �� ��, � � � �
�  �� � �
 �.
: , � , �, �

2.   
�  �  
� � 
�.  � �
� � .
  
� ��    �
1.  
�  � , �
 �� �, ,
��
 �   
�. �: , , �
�, �, ��

� ���  � 
 �� �
�  �  �  
 �   � �/�
  �  �.
�    
�.
� 1962� �  
  (�) 
� � �� ��
 �  12.5
..   � 
    � 
  � � �
�   �.
   �
�
�  �  
�, � � � �
 � �� �.
 , �  �
�
�   (Flood
Hazard) �.
�   22.5 
��  40  ��
�  � �� .
�   7.5 
�� �� � 
 �.

�  ��  � �
� , ��, ��,
�  �   
 �.
��, � 
�
 .

�  ��  . 
 �,  � 
 .
�   � �� 
��  �, � 
  .
�  �� �  ��
  �� �.

�     
��,  � , 
 , , � �
 � �,  
��  .
� �  �
    � 
� �   � 

 �   �

��
� ��
 
  ,

13.
     , 
     
C
  ().     
 .   
   .   
    
-
    .. /


[  ] 
 25  2020 
/

 : ��   �
 
��.  � .  -
, � , � � 
 � .   ���  
 
(), ,   24 �  
� �  �.   �� � 
 �.     �
� �� �.   � 
� �   �� . �
  �.   200 �
. � -2  � 
 �. �    � 
    �  .  1750
�, � 275 � ��  . 
2025 �  �  � 
 � �.

   � (). 
 � � ��. ��
 , , � 
� �� �. ��
� �.

1.     
:  � �
 �  � � � 
.
2.   :   �
� � .
3.  :  . �
� , �  �.
:  �    �
�� � �.  
� �  �. �,
� ��  �.
�� ,  �, 
� .
 
 (  )
�� , � � (� �
) �.   � � 
  , �, , �, �,
, � , (), (�) , 
  .  21-30   �
� �.   ��
.   �  � 
(2013  �  �� �).
�� 1400 �   . 
� �.  300 �. � 
� �   �.  
� ��� �� � � �
�  �.  � � �� 
� �.
()
: � � �  � �
 � .
�  � �/� �
 �  � .
: 32  �
: �, � �� �.
   ()
 () � �� �  �.   ��   � 
  � �  � � �: �/ � �   �,   ��� ��
(  ��)   �
  ( �� � � �, 21-32 �. � ��  �.
) ��. � , �, , �� .  , � , :  . : 32 
�  �  �� � ��  �. �.
 : �  �
500 � ��. � 
 - � �� � �.
  �   � .  ��  �, �, � �
�.   � � ��.   ��  � �  .
�  � ��  
�.
� , �  �. �  � ��  �.   : �    
157 .. �,   ��  �.    ��� ,  ���   
� � �.  ��  �.21   �. �   � �  � � �
�. , � � � � �.  � � �  ��/�
�  �  -2 ��
� �.
�.  � /  �    (- )
.  �� � � ��.    � �()  �� � -
, � . �  ��   � �  �. ,
� �   �. , , , , , �
-   ��   ,  � � �  ��  �.
,  ,   , :  , 20 -25   �. �
 � ,     + � ��  �  �.
���� �.  : �,  � ,
�,  ��  �.
  - 
�   � �   �� � /
�  � ��� ���� �.  �  (),  �
-1� ��   � (    ()  � �.
), -2�    � �  ��  � ��  �, �
, � �  �. � , ,  � ��  �. ...�  

What is the 4th term of the series?

n = 23
10. What is the sum of the first 15 terms
of an A.P whose 11 th and 7 th terms
are 5.25 and 3.25 respectively
a.56.25 b.60 c.52.5 d.None of these
Progressions (Pure Maths) tn=1/ (1/a1-(n-1)(a1-a2/a1a2))
If a and b are two non-zero numbers and H is
Ans: a
Explanation:
Sum of first n natural numbers= n(n+1)/2 harmonic mean of a and b then a, H, b from a +10d = 5.25, a+6d = 3.25, 4d = 2, d = ½
Sum of the squares of first n natural numbers= HP and then H=2ab/(a+b) a +5 = 5.25, a = 0.25 = ¼, s 15 = 15/2
(n(n+1)(2n+1))/6 (2 ¼ + 14 ½ )
Sum of the cubes of first n natural numbers= [n Logarithmic Series = 15/2 (1/2 +14/2 )
(n+1)/2]2 loge (1+x)= x-x2/2+x3/3+x4/4+........ (-1<x 1) = ((15/2)x(15/2))
Sum of first n natural odd numbers= n2 loge (1-x)= -x-x2/2-x3/3- x4/4 -........ (-1x< 1) =225/ 4 = 56.25
Average = Sum of items/ Number of items loge (1+x)/(1-x)= 2-(x+x3/3+x5/5+.........) (-1<x 1) 11. The sum of n terms of an A.P. is 3n2 + n,
1. Find the number of terms in an find the nth term.
Arithmetical Progression (AP) arithmetic progression with the first a. 6n - 4 b. 6n - 2 c. 4n - 4 d. 4n - 2
Quantities are said to be in arithmetical term 2 and the last term being 62, given Ans: b
progression when they increase or decrease by that common difference is 2. Explanation :
a common difference to get the next or the a.31 b.40 c.22 d.27 Given Sn = 3n2 + n, put n = 1, 2
previous term respectively. Ans: a S1 = 3.12 + 1 = 4
An AP is of the form a, a+d, a+2d, a+3d,..... Explanation: T1 = 4
where a is called the ‘first term’ and d is called The nth term = a +(n-1)d S2 = 3.22 + 2 = 14
the ‘common difference’. 62 = 2 +(n- 1)2 T2 = S2 - S1 = 14 - 4 = 10
nth term of an AP; tn=a+(n-1)d 62 - 2 = (n-1)2 d = T2 - T1 = 10 - 4 = 6
Sum of the first n terms of an AP; Sn= n/2 n-1 = 60/2 Tn = a + (n -1) d = 4 + (n - 1) 6 = 6n - 2
[2a+(n-1)d] or Sn= n/2 (first term+last term) n = 30 + 1 = 31 12. Find the sun of the following series
Arithmetic mean of n terms in A.P. = Sn/n 2. Five times the fifth term of an A.P is = ((6x 42) + (6x4)) -((6x 32) +(6x3)) 72 + 70 + 68 + …………. + 40
Geometrical Progression (GP)
= 1/2 (2a+(n-1)d) equal to six times the sixth term of the = (96+24) - (54+18) a. 886 b. 918 c. 952 d. 988
= (1st term + last term)/2 A.P, What is the value of the eleventh Quantities are said to be in geometrical = 120 - 72 = 48 Ans: c
Conversely, if the A.M.of an A.P. is known, the term? progression when they increase or 7. Find the common ratio of three numbers Explanation :
sum to n terms of the series (sn) can be a.1 b.5 c.0 d.2 decrease by a constant factor to get the in G.P whose product is 216 and the sum The given series is 72 + 70 + 68 + .... + 40
expressed as Sn = n x A.M. Ans: c next or the previous term respectively. of the products taken in pairs is 114. a = 72, d = -2, l = 40
i.e., sn = (1st term + last term)/2 Explanation: A GP is of the form a, ar, ar2, ar3......... a. 2 or ½ b. 2/3 or 3/2 c. ¾ or 4/3 d. 4 or ¼ We know: l = a + (n — 1) d, putting values of
If three numbers are in arithmetical progression 5( a + 4d ) = 6 ( a + 5d ) where a is called the ‘first term’ and r Ans: b a, d and l
, the middle number is called the Arithmetic 5a + 20d = 6a + 30d is called the ‘common ratio’. Explanation: 40 = 72 + (n — 1) (-2) = 74 — 2n
mean. a + 10d = 0 nth term of a GP; tn= arn-1 Let the terms be a/r, a , ar or 2n = 34
A.M. = (a+b)/2 where a and b are in arithmetic i.e 11 th term = 0 Sum of the first n terms in a GP; (a/r)x a x ar = a 3 =216, a =6 n = 17
progression (A.P). 3. The first term of an arithmetic Sn= a(1-rn)/1-r ((a/r)xa )+ (a x ar) + (ar x (a/r)) =114 Now, we know that
progression is 3 and the 10 th term is Geometric mean of two number a and b a 2/r + a 2 r + a 2 =114 Sn = n/2[a + l]
Harmonic Progression (HP) 21. Find 15 th and 22 nd terms. is given as GM= sqrt(ab) a 2 ( 1/r + r +1 ) = 114 S17 = 17/2 (72 + 40) = 17/2 [112]
If a1,a2,a3,...................an are in AP, then 1/a1, a.21,35 b.31,45 c.30,46 d.29,40 Similarly, 36[( 1+ r 2 +r )/r] =114 = 17 x 56 = 952
1/a2, 1/a3, ........1/an, are in HP Ans: b If n terms a1,a2,a3,...................an are in 6 [( 1 +r 2+ r )/r ]= 19 13. Find the last term of a G.P whose first
nth term of this HP, tn =1/(1/a1+(n-1)(a1- Explanation: G.P. then the geometric mean of these 6 r 2 -13 r + 6 = 0, term is 9 and common ratio is ( 1/3 ) if the
a2/a1a2)) nth term of this HP from the end, a = 3, T10 = a +9d = 3 +9d = 21, n terms is given by r = 2/3 or 3/2 sum of the terms of the G.P is ( 40/3 )
9d = 21-3 G.M. = 8. If sum of three numbers in A.P is 33 a.1/3 b.2/5 c.¼ d.2/3
Arithmetico-Geometric series d = 18/9 = 2 nth root of (a1,a2,a3,...................an) and sum of their squares id 491, then Ans: a
T15 = a + 14d =3 +(14x2) = 31 if -1< r < +1 we can talk of sum to infinite what are the three numbers. Explanation:
A series having terms a, (a+d)r, (a+2d)r2,... T22 = a + 21d = 3+ (21x2) = 45 number of terms of a G.P., represented a.5,11,17 b.7,11,15 c.9,11,13 d.3,11,19 Sum of the G.P . = ( First term - r x last
etc is an Arithmetico-Geometric series 4. Find the sum of all 2 digit numbers as Sα Ans: d term)/(1 — r)
where a is the first term, d is the divisible by 3. We have Sα = a/1-r Explanation: 40/3 = (9 — 1/3 ( last term ))/(2/3)
common difference of the Arithmetic a.2000 b.1665 c.1300 d.1448 For any two numbers a and b the A.M. is a + (a + d ) + ( a + 2d ) = 3( a + d ) = 33 Last term = ((-40/3)(2/3+9))3 = - 80/3 + 27 = 1/3
part of the series and r is the common Ans: b always greaterthan the G.M. a + d = 11, or second term = 11 , first
ratio of the Geometric part of the series. Explanation: term = 11- d
The nth term tn= [a+(n-1)d]rn-1 All 2 digit numbers divisible by 3 are 12, Explanation: Then ( 11- d )2 + 112 + ( 11 + d )2 = 491
The sum of the series to n terms is 15, 18, 21,……….. 99 a + 4d = 10 ………….. (1) 2 d2 = 491 - ( 3 x 121 ) = 491 - 363 = 128
Sn= a/1-r+ dr (1-rn-1)/ (1-r)2 - [a+(n- This is an A.P with a = 12, and d = 3, a + 20d = 42 ………….. (2) d2 = 64, d = 8, a = 3
1)d]rn/1-r Let it contain n terms Eqn (2) - Eqn (1) gives 16d = 32 , d = 2 9. There are n arithmetic means between
The sum to infinity, Then, 12 + (n - 1 ) 3 = 99, or Substituting d =2 in either (1) or (2), a = 2. 3 and 45 such that the sum of these
S= a/ 1-r + dr (1-rn-1)/(1-r)2; r<1 n = ( 99-12) /3 + 1 = 30 31 st term = a + 30d = 2 + (30x2) = 62 arithmetic means is 552. find the value
Required sum = (30/2)( 12 + 99 ) 6. The sum of n terms of a series in A.P of n.
Exponential Series = 15 x 111 = 1665 is 6n2 + 6n. What is the 4 th term of the a.11 b.15 c.17 d.23
ex = 1+x/1!+x2/2!+x3/3!+.......... (e is an 5. The 5 th term and 21 st term of a series series? Ans: d B.V. Ramana
irrational number) in A.P are 10 and 42 respectively. Find a. 38 b. 49 c. 60 d. 48 Explanation: Director,
coefficient of xn= 1/n!; Tn+1=xx/n! the 31 st term. Ans: d Arithmetic mean = 552/ n = 1/2( 3 +45 )
AKR Study Circle
e-x = 1-x/1!+x2/2!- x3/3!+.......... a.50 b.55 c.65 d.62 Explanation: 552/n = 24
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Ans: d 4 th term = sum of 4 terms - sum of 3 terms n = 552/24