Pre Quiz Questions

The 1st Phase of Industrialization

Use your notes and your textbook to help you find the answers to these questions. Your Quiz will be
similar to these questions.

1) What does industrialization mean?

a. Society moves from craftwork to factories
2) What are the three main factors that made industrialization possible in Canada in the 19 th
century?
a. Population growth, Reciprocity Treaty, domestic market
3) What does mechanization mean?
a. Machines replace manual human labour
4) Name one important invention that made mechanization and industrialization possible.
a. Steam Engine
5) Describe how mechanization changed the kind of work people did.
a. Having to have mastery of many tasks to only having to be good at one simple task
6) Describe the effect of mechanization using the example of shoemaker.
a. Produce a lot more shoes in one day, only have to be good at one part of the job
7) Name four sectors of the economy that increased in production during the second half of the
19th century.
a. Food, , textiles, metallurgy (iron and steel), lumber
8) Name two sectors that grew to meet the demand of a growing population.
a. Food and textiles
9) Which sectors of the economy grew with the construction of railways and why? Explain how
each one was used.
a. Lumber and steel, used for construction of railway
10) What does “capital” mean?
a. Money used to start a business
11) What does “means of production” mean?
a. Tools and machines used to produce goods
12) What is the iconic symbol attached to meaning of industrialization?
a. Factory
13) How do merchants afford to build factories if they do not have the money to start construction?
a. Borrow capital from the bank
14) How do banks make money?
a. They make money by giving loans charging interest on those loans
15) Where could merchants in Montreal go for capital?
a. Bank of Montreal
16) What is the name of the economic system that made industrialization possible?
a. Industrial capitalism
17) How did industrial capitalism influence the division of Canadian society?
 a. It created an elite and powerful business class and large but less powerful working class
18) How did governments contribute to industrialization?
a. Governments helped fund construction of railways and canals
19) How could wealthy business owners use power to influence government?
a. They pressured politicians to pass laws favourable to business
20) What were the two types of infrastructure projects being built during the second half of the 19 th
century?
a. Canals and Railways
21) Describe why it was important to build infrastructure to make the economy grow?
a. Makes exporting easier, cheaper
22) Describe the movement of goods that the construction of canals helped.
a. To move goods from the Saint Lawrence River to the Great Lakes
23) What five advantages did the railway have over traditional means of transportation?
a. Rapid access to raw materials
b. Year round
c. Colonization
d. Growth of manufacturing
e. Shipping of manufactured products
24) How did construction of the Inter-Colonial Railway keep the promise of Confederation?
a. Connected the Maritimes to Ontario and Quebec
25) What industry based in Quebec depended on the forestry industry?
a. Shipbuilding
26) How did the Reciprocity Treaty benefit the lumber industry?
a. Raw materials were traded tax free to the US
27) What was a new industry that emerged from the forestry industry in 1880?
a. Pulp and paper
28) How were logging camps beneficial to farmers?
a. They allowed farmers to work through the winter
29) What is crop diversification and why did farmers do it?
a. Grows different types of crops, to prevent a massive failure of one, growing and
different demands from cities
30) Why did dairy production increase in 1870?
a. Easier to produce, less employees
31) Where did mechanization have the most impact on agriculture?
a. In areas close to urban areas