Software and Hardware Description R1.0

323-1133-101
SDH TRANSMISSION
Nortel TN-4T
Software and Hardware Description
Release 1.00 Standard May 2001

SDH TRANSMISSION
Nortel TN-4T
Document Number: 323-1133-101

Product Release Number: Release 1.00
Status: Standard
Date: May 2001
Copyright © 2000 Nortel Networks, All Rights Reserved.
Printed in England
The copyright of this document is the property of Nortel Networks. Without the written consent of Nortel Networks, given by contract
or otherwise, this document must not be copied, reprinted or reproduced in any material form, either wholly or in part, and the
contents of this document, or any methods or techniques available therefrom, must not be disclosed to any other person
whatsoever.
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL:The information contained herein is the property of Nortel Networks and is strictly
confidential. Except as expressly authorized in writing by Nortel Networks, the holder shall keep all information contained herein
confidential, shall disclose it only to its employees with a need to know, and shall protect it, in whole or in part, from disclosure and
dissemination to third parties with the same degree of care it uses to protect its own confidential information, but with no less than
reasonable care. Except as expressly authorized in writing by Nortel Networks, the holder is granted no rights to use the information
contained herein.
So far as Nortel Networks is aware the contents of this document are correct. However, such contents have been obtained from a
variety of sources and Nortel Networks can give no warranty or undertaking and make no representation as to their accuracy. In
particular, Nortel Networks hereby expressly excludes liability for any form of consequential, indirect or special loss, and for loss of
data, loss of profits or loss of business opportunity, howsoever arising and whether sustained by the user of the information herein
or any third party arising out of the contents of this document.
*NORTEL NETWORKS, the Nortel Networks logo, the Globemark, How the World Shares Ideas and Unified Networks are
trademarks of Nortel Networks.
Netscape and Netscape Navigator are trademarks of Netscape Communications Corporation.
Nortel TN-4T Software and Hardware Description

ii
HPand Hewlett Packard are trademarks of the Hewlett-Packard Company

Anritsu is a trademark of Anritsu Corporation.
Fluke is a trademark of Fluke Corporation.
TIA is a trademark of the Telecommunications Industries Association.
EIA is a trademark id the Electronics Industries Alliance.
323-1133-101 Release 1.00 Standard

iii
Publication history
May 2001
Release 1.00 Standard introduces the TN-4T features:
• 252 x 2 Mbit/s extension shelf
• STM-4o aggregate interface
• 5 x 2 Mbit/s PDH electrical tributary cards
• 8 x 2 Mbit/s PDH electrical I/O cards (75ohm or 120 ohm I/O levels)
• 1:N protection of tributary cards
• 1+1 Multiplex Section Protection of STM-4 optical intershelf cards
• VC-12 Connectivity
• Performance monitoring to G.826
• Management from the EC-1 or CAT with HTML browser and CLUI
interface

v
Contents
About this document vii
Associated documents vii
Indication of trademarks in this document vii
Technical support and information viii
TN-4T software description 1-1

Software features 1-1
Alarm management 1-1
User interface software 1-3
Synchronization software 1-3
Performance monitoring functions 1-4
Traffic protection software 1-4
Software upgrade 1-4
TN-4T hardware description 2-1

System Description 2-1
1:N 2 Mbit/s Extension Shelf NTEU71AA 2-3
1:N Functionality 2-4
1:N Intershelf card NTEU85AA 2-6
Functional description 2-6
Protection Switching functions 2-9
Equipment rules 2-10
Alarm LED descriptions 2-11
1:N Intershelf card layout 2-12
2 Mbit/s Mapper card NTEU86AA 2-13
1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper card layout 2-15
1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O card NTEU87AA, NTEU87BA 2-16
2 Mbit/s I/O card layout 2-18
Power Supply Unit card NTEU88AA 2-19
PSU card layout 2-21
Subrack (NTEU75AA) 2-22
SIM card (NTEU6006) 2-22
Index 3-1

vi Contents
List of figures
Figure 1-1 Synchronization software 1-3
Figure 2-1 Block diagram of the 1:N 2 Mbit/s Extension Shelf 2-2
Figure 2-2 TN-4T 1:N 2 Mbit/s Extension Shelf 2-3
Figure 2-3 1:N Functionality 2-4
Figure 2-4 Block diagram of the 1:N Intershelf card 2-6
Figure 2-5 Electro-optical interface block diagram 2-7
Figure 2-6 OHP TU-SYNC module block diagram 2-8
Figure 2-7 Traffic control system block diagram 2-9
Figure 2-8 1:N Intershelf card layout 2-12
Figure 2-9 Block diagram of the 1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper card 2-13
Figure 2-10 1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper card layout 2-15
Figure 2-11 Block diagram of the 1:N 2 Mbit/s electrical tributary I/O
card 2-16
Figure 2-12 1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O card layout 2-18
Figure 2-13 Block diagram of the PSU card 2-19
Figure 2-14 PSU card layout 2-2
List of tables
Table 2-1 1:N Intershelf card LED descriptions 2-11
Table 2-2 1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper card LED descriptions 2-14
Table 2-3 PSU card LED descriptions 2-20

vii
About this document

This document describes the software and hardware features of the TN-4T
network element.
Audience
The information contained in this document is primarily intended for:
• planners
• provisioners
• network administrators
• transmission standards engineers
• maintenance personnel
Associated documents
The following documents are referred to in this document:
• Documentation Overview and Safety, 323-1133-090
• Installation Procedures, 323-1133-201
• User Interface Description, 323-1133-301
• Alarm Clearing Procedures, 323-1133-543
Indication of trademarks in this document

The asterisk after a name denotes a trademark item. The title page and back
cover acknowledge all trade marked items.
The Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) and the Electronics

Industries Alliance (EIA) accepted RS-232 as a standard in 1997 and
renumbered this standard as TIA/EIA-232. In this document, RS-232 is
replaced with TIA/EIA-232.

viii
Technical support and information

So far as Nortel Networks is aware the information in this document is
correct. If, however, you discover any errors or have comments regarding the
presentation of the content, please send details by email to:
IONNTPS@nortelnetworks.com
Nortel Networks provides a comprehensive technical support service for it’s

customers. The Nortel Networks Service Desk may be contacted between the
hours of 08:30 and 17:00, Monday to Friday (UK local time), using the
following FAX or telephone numbers:
United Kingdom
Freephone: 0800 626 881
Telephone: 0208 361 4693
FAX: 0208 945 3456
International
Telephone: +44 208 361 4693
FAX: +44 208 945 3456
EMC/Safety conformance
This product/product family complies with the essential
protection requirements of the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC as
amended by 92/31/EEC, when it is properly installed and
maintained and when it is used for the purposes for which it is
intended.

Code: EDEU0002
Issue: 1
Template: v5;970307
Declaration of Conformity
Suppliers Name & Address: Nortel Networks, of Doagh Road, Newtownabbey,
County Antrim, Northern Ireland, BT36 6XA
We hereby declare that the products identified in Section 1 comply with the standards listed in Section 2 and fulfil
our obligations under the EU Directives listed in Section 3.
Section 1 - Products Covered
Product Name Product Type

TN-4T N+1 Protection for TN-4XE and TN-16XE (OPTera Metro
4100 and OPTera Metro 4200)
Section 2 - Standards Applied

The Product(s) described above is in conformity with the following standards:
Stds Standard Number Edition Subject of Standard

Ref
1 EN 55022 1995 Emissions from IT Equipment
1 EN 50082-1 1992 Generic Immunity
1 EN 300 386-2 1997 Telecommunication network equipment;
Part 2: Product family standard
2 EN 60950 1992 inc A1: 1993 Safety of IT equipment
A2: 1993 A3: 1995 A4
2 EN 60825-1 1994 inc A11:1996 Safety of Laser Products Part 1. Equipment
classification, requirements and user’s guide
2 EN 60825-2 2000 Safety of Laser Products Part 2. Safety of
optical fibre communication systems
Section 3 - European Union Directives
Directive Abbreviated Directive Title Stds CE Marking

Number Ref Information
(if applicable)
89/336/EEC EMC Directive 1 n/a
92/31/EEC Amendment to EMC Directive n/a n/a
93/68/EEC CE Marking Amending Directive n/a n/a
Section 4 - Authority of Issuer

Declaration Issued By: Paul McMenamin John Freebairn
Position of Issuer: Vice President Local Internet Director, Quality and

Product Development Business Improvement
Signed:
Date:
The instructions for installation, use and maintenance form part of the product compliance and must be observed.
This declaration has been made in accordance with ISO/IEC Guide 22, General criteria for suppliers’ declaration of conformity
1
1-1
TN-4T software description 1-

This chapter describes the software on the TN-4T 1:N Extension Shelf. The
software is divided into three main functions:
• the Synchronous Equipment Management Function (SEMF)
• the network element Core Function (NCF)
• the Traffic Card Level Function (TCLF)
Both aggregate cards contain identical copies of the SEMF, NCF and TCLF
software. One aggregate controls the multiplexer and the other is a standby.
SEMF control can automatically or manually pass from the master to the
standby aggregate. Tributary cards contain no software.
Software features
Software on the TN-4T 1:N Extension Shelf provides the following features:
• alarm management
• configuration
• user interface
• hardware control
• synchronization control
• performance monitoring functions
• connections
• traffic protection
• message software
• software upgrade
Alarm management
The TCLF alarm software receives defect reports from the tributary and
aggregate traffic cards and from the other software features. The defect
reports are processed as follows:
• filter to remove transient defect indications
• correlate (mask) to report only the highest severity alarm
• suppress (if requested by the operator)

1-2 TN-4T software description
Changes to configuration alarm parameters, and commands from the user

interface, are communicated to the SEMF alarm software. Any new alarms,
and alarms which have cleared, are then reported to the user interface.
The following card alarms are supported for the protection mapper in slot 8
and the normal working mapper cards:
• Wrong card
• Card out
• Unexpected card
• Minor card Mismatch
The following alarms are not supported by the 1:N 2Mbit Extension Shelf:
• External alarm inputs

• External alarm outputs
• Rack alarm unit
All alarm types have an associated alarm severity. The user can configure any
alarm type to any severity. The severity classifications are:
• Critical
• Major
• Minor
• Warning
For more infromation on alarm types and severity see Provisioning and
Operations Procedures, 323-1133-310.

TN-4T software description 1-3
User interface software 1

Command line interface software
The Command line interface (CL) software feature exists on the active SEMF
(on the master aggregate card in slot 7 of the TN-4T multiplexer). The CL
software translates the text based commands typed by the operator to binary
format messages used by the network element software.
Browser software
Netscape Navigator* is a hypertext browser which allows the operator to view
files that are written in the Hypertext markup language (HTML). The
Browser interface communicates with the network element’s command line
interface and displays commands as a point-and-click interface within
Netscape. The Browser software exists on the EC or CAT and is not part of
the TN-4T software.
For details of the user interfaces, see User Interfaces Description,

323-1133-301.
Synchronization software
The 1:N 2 Mbit/s Extension Shelf multiplexer derives its synchronization
from either of the STM-4 ports. The synchronization software controls the
hardware in the synchronization equipment timing source (SETS). A copy
also exists on the standby aggregate card. On a master aggregate card failure,
SETS control automatically passes to the standby aggregate card.
The Select B function operates under the control of the SEMF. It can select a
SDH source derived from either STM-4o port, or from the internal oscillator.
The synchronization software switches between these sources.
Figure 1-1
Synchronization flags
Priority tables
SDH T1
signals
T0
SETG
Select B Internal
timing
Internal
oscillator

1-4 TN-4T software description
Performance monitoring functions

The software for the Performance Monitoring (PM) functions exists on the
TCLF and the SEMF. This feature provides a continuous collection and
analysis of data at selected performance monitoring points,within the
transmission path.
Performance monitoring data is produced and is then available to determine

the Quality Of Service (QOS) that is provided.The PM reports available are as
follows:
• 24 hour PM report for routine network monitoring
• 15 minute PM report for fault finding
In the 1:N Extension shelf, the following Performance Monitoring Points

(PMP’s) must be reported:
• the PPI-cv PMP must be reported against the I/O port number
• the RST, MST, and MSA PMP must be reported against the 1:N Intershelf
cards
• the HPT, HPA and LPT PMP must be reported against the working traffic
channel
For more details of the PMP’s, see Network Surveillance Procedures,

323-1133-510.
Traffic protection software

In the TN-4T system, automatic and manual maintenance protection
switching are provided by MSP.
The maintenance protection mechanisms, which are started manually, include

forced switching, manual switching and switch inhibit.
Software upgrade
The EC or CAT can deliver a new version of the network element software
during normal operation of the network element.
Note: “network element software” refers to the software on the cards, but
not the boot up firmware installed at card build or maintenance. Each
version of the network element software must have a unique identity.
The new version is stored in the network element as the standby software. The
user can query the version of the active and standby network element
software, and command the network element to use either version.
end of chapter

2-1
2
TN-4T hardware description 2-
The 1:N 2 Mbit/s extension shelf provides an interface for 252 x 2 Mbit/s with
1:N protection of the mapper function. This is achieved by four 2 Mbit/s
Mapper Cards each capable of 63 x 2 Mbit/s PDH connections. The 1:N 2
Mbit/s Extension shelf has the following features:
• STM-4 Short Haul optical interface on 1:N Intershelf card
• 1+1 MSP Protection, on 1:N Intershelf card pair
• Equipment Protection (1:N), on 1:N 2 Mbi/st Mapper card
• VC-12 connectivity
• 5 x 1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper cards (63-channel 2 Mbit/s PDH Tributary cards
• 8 x 1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O Cards (32-channel 2 Mbit/s interface’s (with 75 ohm
and 120 ohm variants)
• duplicated power supply units (PSUs) for I/O cards (1:N PSU - combined
PSU and End of Shelf (EOS) unit)
• Synchronous Equipment Timing Source (SETS) Hardware support for
Synchronization to G.813
• dual redundancy of the Synchronous Equipment Management Function
(SEMF) function
• management from an Element Controller (EC) and Craft Access Terminal
(CAT) using a Command Line User Interface (CLUI)
• performance monitoring to G.826.
The 1:N 2 Mbit/s Extension shelf operates with the OPTera Metro 4100,
OPTera Metro 4200 and TN-16X product range and is connected through the
following cards:
• the STM-4o aggregate on the OPTera Metro 4100
• the STM-4o tributary on the TN-16X and OPTera Metro 4200.
System Description
The 1:N 2 Mbit/s Extension shelf performs two functions, 2 Mbit/s tributary
protection and efficient hubbing of the 2Mbits lines into the OPTera Metro
4200 and TN-16X multiplexers. The extension shelf supports 1:N equipment
protection of the 2 Mbit/s Mapper hardware.

2-2 TN-4T hardware description
The TN-16X and OPTera Metro 4200 when fully equipped with STM-4o
tributaries in MSP can be connected to a maximum of four TN-4T’s, allowing
the handling of 1008 2Mbit/s channels.
For the system to have useful availability, a redundant interconnect between

the Main and extension multiplexer is provided. A single width STM-4o
tributary card in the Saturn shelf along with a second adjacent card to provide
MSP protection, connects to a pair of STM-4o Intershelf cards in the
extension shelf.
The management functions and specification (that is Message

Communications Function MCF and SEMF) of the new cards are derived
from the Saturn aggregate cards. The extension shelf has its own network
element address and will accept CLUI commands.
The extension shelf will carry over other features of the Saturn mux such as
SETS and SEMF protection. A block diagram of the 1:N 2 Mbit/s Extension
shelf is shown in Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1
Block diagram of the 1:N 2 Mbit/s Extension Shelf
Synchronous
Equipment
Management
Function
V
2 Mbit/s
CAT Mapper
interface Message Card
Communications
Function
Intershelf
Card 2 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s I/O 32
external
TIA/EIA-232 Protection Card
STM-4o 2 Mbit/s
CLUI Mapper
interface Card
Synchronous
Equipment T2
Timing
System
backplane backplane frontplate
Saturn Mux TN-4T Mux

1:N 2 Mbit/s Extension Shelf NTEU71AA

The 1:N 2 Mbit/s extension shelf is the same overall physical size as a Saturn
multiplexer without the fibre tray. All the cards for the extension shelf are one
in wide with the exception of the Intershelf cards which are 1.5 in wide.
The Extension shelf backplane is the same physical size as the Saturn
2
multiplexer backplane and provides the mounting slots for 13 full height 1”
cards, two full height 1.5” cards and two half height 1” cards (for the PSUs).
A SIM mounted on the backplane stores the shelf inventory and configuration
information, including the network element Ethernet address.
The 1:N 2 Mbit/s Extension shelf (Figure 2-2) contains the following cards:
• 1:N STM 4o Intershelf Card
• 1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper Card (tributary card)
• 1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O Card
• PSU.
Figure 2-2
TN-4T 1:N 2 Mbit/s Extension Shelf
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16A
OPEN
1:N 1:N 1:N 1:N 1:N 1:N 1:N 1:N 1:N 1:N 1:N 1:N
1:N Ext Shelf Ext Shelf 1:N 1:N Ext Shelf
Ext Shelf Ext Shelf Ext Shelf Ext Shelf Ext Shelf Ext Shelf Ext Shelf Ext Shelf Ext Shelf Ext Shelf Ext Shelf Ext Shelf
2MBit 2MBit 2MBit 2MBit 2MBit 2MBit TN-4T 2MBit TN-4T 2MBit 2MBit
Intershelf Intershelf 2MBit 2MBit 2MBit 2MBit FAIL
I/O Mapper I/O I/O Mapper I/O Mapper I/O Mapper
Card card card I/O I/O Mapper I/O
Card Card Card Card Card Card Card Card Card Card Card Card
Ports Ports Ports

Ports Ports Ports LOS LOS Ports Ports
LOS 1 to 16 LOS LOS 1 to 16 LOS LOS 1 to 16
1 to 16 1 to 16 1 to 16 1 to 16 1 to 16
Active Active
POWER INPUT
Active Active Active Active Active
Fail Fail
Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail
CAT CAT
CAT CAT
INVISIBLE LASER INVISIBLE LASER

RADIATION RADIATION
DO NOT STARE DO NOT STARE
INTO BEAM OR INTO BEAM OR
VIEW DIRECTLY VIEW DIRECTLY
WITH OPTICAL WITH OPTICAL
INSTRUMENTS INSTRUMENTS
CLASS 3A CLASS 3A
LASER PRODUCT LASER PRODUCT
Ports Ports Ports

Ports Ports Ports Ports Ports
17 to 32 17 to 32 17 to 32
17 to 32 17 to 32 17 to 32 17 to 32 17 to 32 OPEN
PORT 1 PORT 1
FAIL
RX RX
PORT 1 PORT 1
POWER INPUT
TX TX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NNTM51*******
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
NTEU20AA
1
1 2
2 3
3 4
4 5
5 6
6 7
7 88 9
9 10
10 11
11 12
12 13
13 14
14 15
15 16B
16B

1:N Functionality
The 1:N function of the 2 Mbit/s Extension Shelf protects up to four 2 Mbit/s
Mapper cards (working cards) by having a spare 2 Mbit/s Mapper Protection
card (protection card) that can take over the operation of any of the working
cards (Figure 2-3).
Switching from one of the working cards to the protection card can be
automatically controlled (a card fail condition) or manually controlled by the
user. The automatic switching is revertive (that is, if the failure that caused the
switch clears, traffic is switched back to the original card).
Figure 2-3
1:N Functionality
63
external 2 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s Mapper
Card
A
STM-4o
2 Mbit/s
B Protection
Mapper
Card
C
2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s
I/O Intershelf
Card Card
frontplate backplane

Switched Operation
The switched operation is as follows:
• Switch A is closed so that the drop traffic for one working card is copied
to the protection card. The working card monitors the traffic in case the
fail condition clears. 2
• Switch B is closed which allows add traffic to be copied to the working
card and the protection card. The working card monitors the traffic in case
the fail condition clears.
• Switch C is closed which allows add traffic to be routed from the
protection card to the optics card.
Note: Add traffic from the working card is not now routed to the optics
card.
• Switch D is open which allows drop traffic to be routed from the

protection card to the 2 Mbit/s line.
Note: Drop traffic from the working card is not routed to the 2 Mbit/s line.

1:N Intershelf card NTEU85AA

The 1:N Intershelf card is a full-height card which is inserted in a 1.5 in
multiplexer slot. Each 1:N Intershelf card provides the following functions:
• One STM-4o short haul aggregate optical port
• Termination/generation of the aggregate signal’s SOH and VC-4 overhead
• A direct connection of any four of the five VC-4s coming from the
2 Mbit/s Mapper cards to the line
• The ability to route four VC-4s from the line to four x 2 Mbit/s Mapper
cards and to copy one of the VC-4s to the protection Mapper
• Network element management function and comms interface to the remote
manager (i.e. MCF and SEMF)
• A CAT port for craft access
• Network element Timing Source (SETS)
Functional description
The 1:N Intershelf card contains several main hardware blocks (Figure 2-4).
Figure 2-4
Block diagram of the 1:N Intershelf card
Clock &
sync
signals
622.08 MHz 77.76 MHz 19.44 MHz 19.44 MHz
OHP 2 Mbit/s (x4)

STM-4o EOI Mapper
TU-SYNC Card
Backplane
interface
Switching
circuit
Transport control 2 Mbit/s

sub-system Protection
Card
CAT Intercard
interface control
TIA/EIA-232 isolated
TIA/EIA-232
PSU + 5 V from PUPS +5V
- 4.5 V PUPS - 48 V
+ 3.3 V
Data/Address bus

Electro-optical interface (EOI)

The electro-optical interface (EOI) provides a 1310 optical receiver and
transmitter (Figure 2-5). The 622.08 MHz optical signal is converted to an
8-bit parallel electrical signal at 77.76 MHz. The user can apply remote and
local loopbacks on the receive and transmit paths. The laser is turned off by
2
the software controlled laser shutdown command (when automatic laser
shutdown is enabled).
The failure indications generated by the receive path are loss of signal and
recovered clock out of limits. Failure indications on the transmit path is laser
high power.
Figure 2-5
Electro-optical interface block diagram
STM4 receive path

622.08 MHz
STM-4o 77.76 MHz
Clock 8 bit data bus
Photo diode Limiting amp and data 1:8 Demux
and filter recovery
Fail
Loopback commands
STM-4o 77.76 MHz

Laser Laser 8 bit data bus
8:1 Demux
module driver
Laser shutdown
STM4 transmit path
OHP TU-SYNC module

This module processes the 8-bit 77.76 MHz electrical signals from the EOI
into five 10-bit signals at 19.44 MHz. These are sent to the tributary cards
(Figure 2-6).
The overhead processor (OHP) functions are to:

• check the parity of the incoming data stream, the section overhead is
unscrambled, removed and the frame is synchronized to the subrack clock
• remove an 8 kHz signal for use as a synchronization source
• in the transmit direction to check the parity, add the section overhead, and
scramble the data stream
The TU Sync functions are:

• align the receive payloads to a local timing marker in preparation for the
time slot interchange (TSI) switching in the switch module
• decode and regenerate the high and low order pointers

• separate the payload into its component channels and assemble with the
new pointer
• select the transmit TU channels from one of two data streams from the
switch block. Add AIS if required into any channel, and insert frame
pointer and path overhead information.
The TSI switch module is set up for fixed cross connections for TU-12
channels.
Figure 2-6
OHP TU-SYNC module block diagram
Receive path
77.76 MHz 77.76 MHz 77.76 MHz
TSI
switch 10-bits
VT TU-4
Overhead
8-bits processor ASIC
TSI
switch
10-bits
8 kHZ clock
for synchronization
Transmit path
Traffic control system (TCS)

The traffic control system (Figure 2-7) provides card traffic control functions
and subrack level control. The main circuit blocks are:
• a 33 MHz MC860 micro controller. This device integrates a 32-bit
microprocessor core with a RISC processor which controls seven serial
communications channels.
• Multiplex section and regenerator section are used for DCC messages and
internal system control messages between Intershelf cards.
• The TIA/EIA-232 port provides the interface to the craft access terminal
(CAT). When the port is active, a green LED is lit on the frontplate of the
1:N Intershelf card).
• 128 kbytes of boot flash memory, used after a reset to take the card to the
minimum operating state
• 16 Mbytes of flash memory and 16 Mbytes of DRAM

Figure 2-7
Traffic control system block diagram
subrack
EOI Traffic 2
CAT interface TIA/EIA-232 Intercard

DRAM control
LOS
(yellow)
FLASH
Active
(green)
Processor
Fail
(red)
CAT
(green) Transport control system
Data/Address bus
Synchronization equipment timing source (SETS)

The synchronization function for the TN-4T is provided by the Saturn
aggregate cards and includes the:
• SEMF synchronization control software
• SETS hardware (see Figure 2-1)
• internal and external timing sources
Point of use power supply (PUPS)

The 1:N Intershelf card has a PUPS which converts the dc supply to the dc
levels required by the local circuits. The voltages supplied are 5 V, 3.3 V, -4.5
V and 12 V. The PUPS has a soft start feature which limits the inrush current
on power-up.
Automatic laser shutdown (ALS)

The 1:N Intershelf card has an ALS system which shuts down the laser on
detection of a loss of signal alarm.
Protection Switching functions

The 1:N Intershelf card has four functional blocks which can be 1+1 switched
or protected. The functional blocks are the:
• SEMF mastership
• SETS mastership
• shelf controller
• drop clock and data selector on the tributaries.

SETS and SEMF protection

The SEMF and SETS mastership is switched automatically in the event of a
hardware detected or a software diagnosed card fault on the 1:N Intershelf
card. A manual SETS and SEMF switch is available.
Shelf controller function

The shelf controller function of the 1:N Intershelf card configures the ASIC
hardware on the other cards. The shelf controller function is tied to the active
SEMF and will switch with the active SEMF.
Hardware lines on the backplane indicate which 1:N Intershelf card is the
nominated shelf controller. The Mapper cards respond to only one shelf
controller at a time. The 1:N Intershelf cards signal to the Mapper cards
which 1:N Intershelf card to read their control information from.
Drop clock and data selector

The drop clock and data selector on the tributaries are controlled by the active
1:N Intershelf card. They are switched using memory mapped control as part
of an MSP switch.
Switching circuit
The switching circuit (Figure 2-4) has one function:
1:N protection
When a failure occurs on one of the four 2 Mbit/s Mapper cards (working
cards) traffic is switched through the protection card. The switch can be
activated automatically (a card fail condition) or manually by the user.
Equipment rules
The TN-4T must have two 1:N Intershelf cards to function correctly. The 1:N
Intershelf cards are installed in subrack slots 7 and 9.

Alarm LED descriptions

Table 2-1 lists the names of the 1:N Intershelf card LEDs and the possible
cause for their being lit. For a description of how to clear circuit card LEDs,
see Alarm and Trouble Clearing Procedures, 323-1133-543.
Table 2-1
2
1:N Intershelf card LED descriptions
LED name LED colour Possible cause
Fail Red Equipment fail

5 V power fail
Watchdog failure
LOS Yellow Optical signal fail
Active Green Card is in service
CAT Green Master aggregate card

1:N Intershelf card layout

Figure 2-8 shows the layout of the 1:N Intershelf card and faceplate.
Figure 2-8
1:N Intershelf card layout
Fibre clip
1:N TN-4T
Intershelf
card
LOS
Active
Fail
CAT
CAT
INVISIBLE LASER
RADIATION
DO NOT STARE
INTO BEAM OR
VIEW DIRECTLY
WITH OPTICAL
INSTRUMENTS
CLASS 3A
LASER PRODUCT
PORT 1
RX
PORT 1
TX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
NNTM51*******
NTEU85AA

2 Mbit/s Mapper card NTEU86AA

The 1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper card is a full height card which is inserted in a 1
inch multiplexer slot. Five 1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper cards are fitted to the
extension shelf. Four of these cards are configured as normal working cards
and are installed in slots 2, 5, 11 and 14. The fifth card is configured as a
protection card and is installed in slot 8.
2
The card provides the following functions:
• interface to two 1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O cards
• mapping/demapping of the PDH signals to/from 63 VC-12’s using
asynchronous mapping
• a traffic connection to each 1:N Intershelf card and the ability to select a
VC-4 channel from either aggregate for MSP purposes
• bi-directional connection of a VC-12 per port to the aggregate card
function.
The protection card is the same as the mapper card but is connected such that
in normal operation it carries no traffic. It will however, carry the traffic of the
working cards when a switch occurs.
The1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper card includes the following hardware blocks
(Figure 2-9).
Figure 2-9
Block diagram of the 1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper card
Q2M 2 Mbit/s
ASIC I/O
Card
19.44 MHz
Q2M 2 Mbit/s
FPGA ASIC I/O
Card
Intershelf
Card
+5V
PUPS - 48 V
+ 3.3 V
frontplate
backplane

2 Mbit/s ASIC
The 1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper card has 16 mapper ASICS. Each ASIC can map up
to four incoming HDB3 traffic signals to VC-12 format. The ASICs demap
the outgoing VC-12 traffic into a maximum of four 2 Mbit/s HDB3 format
signals.
FPGA
The FPGA connects four groups of four Q2M ASICs together to present 63 x
VC-12 to the 1:N Intershelf card.

The 1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper card has a PUPS which converts the dc office
supply to the +5 V and +3.3 V dc levels required by the local circuits. The
PUPS has a soft start feature which limits the inrush current on power-up.
Equipment rules
The 2 Mbit/s mapper cards are installed in subrack slots 2, 5, 8, 11, and 14.

Table 2-2 lists the names of the 2 Mbit/s mapper card LEDs and the possible
cause for their lighting. For a description of how to clear circuit card LEDs,
see the Alarm and Trouble Clearing Procedures, 323-1133-543.
Table 2-2
1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper card LED descriptions
Fail Red Equipment fail

5 V power fail
Watchdog failure
LOS Yellow Optical signal fail
Active Green Card is in service

1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper card layout

Figure 2-10 shows the faceplate layout of the 1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper card.
Figure 2-10
1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper card layout
2
2MBit
Mapper
Card
LOS
Active
Fail
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
NNTM51*******
NTEU20AA

1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O card NTEU87AA, NTEU87BA

The 1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O card is a full height card which is inserted in a 1 in
multiplexer slot. The card is available in two variants
• 75 ohm impedance–NTEU87AA
• 120 ohm impedance–NTEU87BA
These cards provide thirty-two 2 Mbit/s HDB3 CCITT G.703 ports. The 2
Mbit/s traffic from the 32 ports is mapped into the first 32 VC-12 containers
on the STM-1 frame. The last channel on the right 1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O card is
not connected.
The 1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O card contains the following hardware blocks
(Figure 2-11).
Figure 2-11
Block diagram of the 1:N 2 Mbit/s electrical tributary I/O card
2 Mbits/s backplane
External Connector
LIU
1:N 2 Mbit/s
Mapper
LIU Card
32
external LIU Backplane
2 Mbit/s interface
External Connector
LIU
LIU Protection
Card
LIU
Control
signals
+5V PUPS - 12 V
frontplate
Control signals
Data/Address Bus

Line interface unit (LIU)

The 1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O card has switching ASICs which transmit and receive
the 2 048 kbit/s HDB3 traffic to cable. The LIU ASICs route the PDH traffic
and monitor signal levels. The LIU ASIC is configured to interface with 120
ohm twisted pair or 75 ohm coaxial cables.
2
The 1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O card has a PUPS which converts a low voltage supply
for EOS to 5 V dc for the local circuits. The PUPS has a soft start feature
which limits the inrush current on power-up.
Switching circuit
The switching circuit (Figure 2-11) has one functions:
1:N protection
When a failure occurs on one of the four 1:N 2 Mbit/s Mapper cards (working
cards) traffic is switched through the protection card. The switch can be
activated automatically (a card fail condition) or manually by the user.
Equipment rules
The 1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O card is installed in subrack slots 1, 3, 4, 6, 10, 12, 13 and
15.

2 Mbit/s I/O card layout

Figure 2-12 shows the faceplate layout of the 1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O card.
Figure 2-12
1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O card layout
2MBit
I/O
Card
Ports
1 to 16
Ports
17 to 32
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
NNTM51*******
NTEU20AA

Power Supply Unit card NTEU88AA

The Power Supply Unit (PSU) card is a half-height card which provides the
input power functions for the shelf. It provides filtering, suppression and
power fault indication of the power supplies.
2
The PSU card contains the following hardware blocks (Figure 2-13).
Figure 2-13
Block diagram of the PSU card
48 V (B)
+ Supply
Filter & to other
- suppress cards
Power
5V PUPS
fail 48 V (A)
sense
12 V dc
Power
LV
Fail
12 V bus
I²C bus
Power fail
(Yellow)
Card fault
(Red)
subrack
Subrack power interface

The PSU card provides the dc (B) supply interface through a 3-pin BT237
connector. The supply is filtered and sent to all cards in the subrack through
the backplane.
The LV Fail circuit monitors the dc (B) supply and PUPS and indicates power
fail or under voltage through the two colour LED on the card front plate.
The PSU card provides a redundant 12 V feed to the 1:N 2 Mbit/s I/O cards.


The PUPS on the PSU card converts the dc office supply to the 5 V dc level
required by the local circuits. The PUPS has a soft start feature which limits
the inrush current on power-up.
Equipment rules
The PSU cards are installed in subrack slots 16A and 16B.

Table 2-3 lists the names of the PSU card LEDs and the possible cause for
their lighting. For a description of how to clear circuit card LEDs, see the
Alarm and Trouble Clearing Procedures, 323-1133-543.
Table 2-3
PSU card LED descriptions
Fail Red Low voltage failure

(two Clock failure
colour LED)
Fail Yellow DC supply not present

(two
colour LED)

PSU card layout

Figure 2-14 shows the faceplate layout of the PSU card.
Figure 2-14
PSU card layout
2
OPEN
FAIL
POWER INPUT
Card extractor

Subrack (NTEU75AA)
The TN-4T subrack includes the backplane. The backplane provides the
following card slots:
• thirteen 1 in. (25 mm) slots
• two 1.5 in. (77.5 mm) slots
• two half-height 1 in. (25 mm) slots
The TN-4T subrack dimensions are:

• height 475 mm
• width 440 mm (excludes the flanges)
• depth 280 mm (includes doors/covers)
The subrack is attached to an ETSI rack by two brackets.
SIM card (NTEU6006)

The SIM card provides the Ethernet address for the subrack, and stores the
serial numbers of the installed aggregate cards. The SIM card communicates
with the aggregate cards through the SPI bus.
end of chapter

3-1
Index 3- 3
1:N 2 Mbit Extension Shelf 2-3 2 Mbit/s Mapper card 2-14
Functionality PSU card 2-20
bridged operation 2-4 ALS
1:N Intershelf card 2-6 see automatic laser shutdown
alarm LEDs 2-11 automatic laser shutdown (ALS) 2-6
automatic laser shutdown (ALS) 2-9 1:N Intershelf card 2-9
card layout 2-12
electro-optical 2-7 B
equipment rules 2-10 browsers
functional description 2-6 browser
OHP TU-SYNC module 2-7 software 1-3
overhead processor (OHP) 2-7
synchronization equipment timing source
(SETS) 2-9
C
traffic control system (TCS) 2-8 commands
2 Mbit/s command line interface
1:N Intershelf card software 1-3
switching circuit 2-10 controls
I/O card 2-16 traffic control system (TCS)
card layout 2-18 1:N Intershelf card 2-8
equipping 2-17
line interface circuit (LIU) 2-17 E
PUPS 2-17 electrical
switching circuit 2-17 1:N Intershelf card
Mapper card 2-13 switching circuit 2-10
Power supply unit (PSU) card 2-19 2 Mbit/s I/O card
2 Mbit/s I/O card card layout 2-18
functional description 2-16 equipping 2-17
2 Mbit/s Mapper card line interface circuit (LIU) 2-17
alarm LEDs 2-14 PUPS 2-17
card layout 2-15 switching circuit 2-17
equipping 2-14 PSU card
functional description 2-13 card layout 2-21
PUPS 2-14 equipping 2-20
PUPS 2-20
A electro-optical interface (EOI) 2-6
alarm 1:N Intershelf card 2-7
LEDs EOI
1:N Intershelf card 2-11 see electro-optical interface (EOI)

3-2 Index
equipping see 2 Mbit/s I/O card

1:N Intershelf card 2-10 NTEU87BA
2 Mbit/s I/O card 2-17 see 2 Mbit/s I/O card
PSU card 2-20 NTEU88AA
see 2 Mbit/s Power supply unit (PSU)
H
hardware description 2-1 O
OHP
I see overhead processor
interfaces OHP TU-SYNC module 2-6
command line interfaces optical
software 1-3 1:N Intershelf card
electro-optical interface alarm LEDs 2-11
1:N Intershelf card 2-7 automatic laser shutdown (ALS) 2-9
user interface card layout 2-12
software 1-3 electro-optical interface 2-7
equipping 2-10
OHP TU-SYNC module 2-7
L SETS 2-9
layout overhead processor (OHP)
card layout 1:N Intershelf card 2-7
1:N Intershelf card 2-12
2 Mbit/s I/O card 2-18
2 Mbit/s Mapper card 2-15 P
PSU card 2-21 performance monitoring
LEDs functions 1-4
alarm LEDs Point of use power supply (PUPS) 2-6
2 Mbit/s Mapper card 2-14 2 Mbit/s I/O card 2-17
line interface circuit (LIU) PSU card 2-20
2 Mbit/s I/O card 2-17 Power supply unit (PSU)
LIU PSU card
see line interface unit alarm LEDs 2-20
PSU card
alarm LEDs 2-20
M card layout 2-21
module equipping 2-20
OHP TU-SYNC module functional description 2-19
1:N Intershelf card 2-7 PUPS 2-20
monitoring
performance monitoring 1-4
S
SIM card
N see single in line module
NTEU71AA single in line module (SIM) card
see 1:N 2 Mbit Extension Shelf subrack 2-22
NTEU75AA software
see TN-4T subracks description
NTEU85AA introduction 1-1
see 1:N Intershelf card software features 1-1
NTEU86AA software upgrade 1-4
see 2 Mbit/s Mapper card features
NTEU87AA

Index 3-3
performance monitoring functions 1-4

synchronization software 1-3
user interface software 1-3
upgrade
subrack 2-22
SIM card 2-22
switched operation 2-4
switching
switching circuit
2 Mbit/s I/O card 2-17
3
synchronization
software 1-3
synchronization equipment timing source
(SETS) 2-6
system description 2-1
T
TCS
see traffic control systems
traffic
traffic control system (TCS)
traffic control system (TCS) 2-6
U
upgrading
TN-4T software.
users
user interface software 1-3
browser software 1-3
command line interface 1-3
interface 2-32

International Optical Networks
Nortel Networks
Oakleigh Road South
London N11 1HB
So far as Nortel Networks is aware the contents of this document
are correct. However, such contents have been obtained from a
variety of sources and Nortel Networks can give no warranty or
undertaking and make no representation as to their accuracy. In
particular, Nortel Networks hereby expressly excludes liability for
any form of consequential, indirect or special loss, and loss of
data, loss of profits or loss of business opportunity, howsoever
arising and whether sustained by the user of the information
herein or any third party arising out of the contents of this
document.
*NORTEL NETWORKS, the Nortel Networks logo, the
Globemark, How the World Shares Ideas and Unified Networks
are trademarks of Nortel Networks.
Netscape and Netscape Navigator are trademarks of Netscape
Communications Corporation.
HPand Hewlett Packard are trademarks of the Hewlett-Packard
Company
Anritsu is a trademark of Anritsu Corporation.
Fluke is a trademark of Fluke Corporation.
SDH TRANSMISSION
Nortel TN-4T
Copyright © 2000, Nortel Networks, All Rights Reserved.
The copyright of this document is the property of Nortel Networks.
Without the written consent of Nortel Networks, given by contract
or otherwise, this document must not be copied, reprinted or
reproduced in any material form, either wholly or in part, and the
contents of this document, or any methods or techniques
available therefrom, must not be disclosed to any other person
whatsoever.
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL:The information
contained herein is the property of Nortel Networks and is strictly
confidential. Except as expressly authorized in writing by Nortel
Networks, the holder shall keep all information contained herein
confidential, shall disclose it only to its employees with a need to
know, and shall protect it, in whole or in part, from disclosure and
dissemination to third parties with the same degree of care it uses
to protect its own confidential information, but with no less than
reasonable care. Except as expressly authorized in writing by
Nortel Networks, the holder is granted no rights to use the
information contained herein.
Document Number: 323-1133-101
Product Release Number: Release 1.00
Status: Standard
Date: May 2001
Printed in England

Software and Hardware Description R1.0

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Software and Hardware Description R1.0

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

323-1133-101

Release 1.00 Standard May 2001

Document Number: 323-1133-101

Copyright © 2000 Nortel Networks, All Rights Reserved.

Netscape and Netscape Navigator are trademarks of Netscape Communications Corporation.

Nortel TN-4T Software and Hardware Description

HPand Hewlett Packard are trademarks of the Hewlett-Packard Company

323-1133-101 Release 1.00 Standard

Nortel TN-4T Software and Hardware Description

TN-4T software description 1-1

TN-4T hardware description 2-1

Nortel TN-4T Software and Hardware Description

323-1133-101 Release 1.00 Standard

About this document

Indication of trademarks in this document

The Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) and the Electronics

Nortel TN-4T Software and Hardware Description

Technical support and information

Nortel Networks provides a comprehensive technical support service for it’s

323-1133-101 Release 1.00 Standard

Section 1 - Products Covered

Product Name Product Type

Section 2 - Standards Applied

Stds Standard Number Edition Subject of Standard

Section 3 - European Union Directives

Directive Abbreviated Directive Title Stds CE Marking

Section 4 - Authority of Issuer

Position of Issuer: Vice President Local Internet Director, Quality and

TN-4T software description 1-

Nortel TN-4T Software and Hardware Description

Changes to configuration alarm parameters, and commands from the user

• External alarm inputs

323-1133-101 Release 1.00 Standard

User interface software 1

For details of the user interfaces, see User Interfaces Description,

Nortel TN-4T Software and Hardware Description

Performance monitoring functions

Performance monitoring data is produced and is then available to determine

In the 1:N Extension shelf, the following Performance Monitoring Points

For more details of the PMP’s, see Network Surveillance Procedures,

Traffic protection software

The maintenance protection mechanisms, which are started manually, include

323-1133-101 Release 1.00 Standard

Nortel TN-4T Software and Hardware Description

For the system to have useful availability, a redundant interconnect between

The management functions and specification (that is Message

backplane backplane frontplate

Saturn Mux TN-4T Mux

323-1133-101 Release 1.00 Standard

1:N 2 Mbit/s Extension Shelf NTEU71AA

Ports Ports Ports

INVISIBLE LASER INVISIBLE LASER

Ports Ports Ports

Nortel TN-4T Software and Hardware Description

323-1133-101 Release 1.00 Standard

• Switch D is open which allows drop traffic to be routed from the

Nortel TN-4T Software and Hardware Description

1:N Intershelf card NTEU85AA

622.08 MHz 77.76 MHz 19.44 MHz 19.44 MHz

OHP 2 Mbit/s (x4)

Transport control 2 Mbit/s

323-1133-101 Release 1.00 Standard

Electro-optical interface (EOI)

STM4 receive path