End-of-chapter test

Chapter 2 Foundation

1 a Match the orbit with the type of satellite.

Satellites stay over the same position

geostationary orbit
on Earth all the time.

Satellites travel over the North Pole

low Earth orbit (LEO)
and South Pole.

Satellites orbit below 1000 km from

polar orbit
the Earth.
(2 marks)

b Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.

upthrust International Space Station Moon gravity

The force need to keep a satellite in orbit is .

The only natural satellite in orbit around the Earth is the law.
(2 marks)
2 Complete the sentences.

fast strong long generate

You can electricity by moving a coil of wire in a magnetic field, or by moving a magnet

near a coil of wire.

The size of the potential difference you produce depends on:

 how you move the magnet

 how the magnet is

 how many turns there are on the . (4 marks)

3 a Circle the number of years before today that scientists think that the Big Bang
happened. (1 mark)

© Oxford University Press 2014 www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements

This resource sheet may have been changed from the original.
 End-of-chapter test
Chapter 2 Foundation

5000 years 15 billion years 5 billion years

b Put the events between the Big Bang and now in order by writing the numbers 2 – 5
in the correct boxes in the right hand column.

The Big Bang 1

Humans lived

Sun formed

First animals lived

Earth formed

Today 6
(3 marks)

4 The geocentric and the heliocentric models are two models of Solar System.
a Label each model by writing ‘geocentric’ or ‘heliocentric’ under each box.

(2 marks)

© Oxford University Press 2014 www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements

This resource sheet may have been changed from the original.
 End-of-chapter test
Chapter 2 Foundation

b Name the model of the Solar System that is now thought to be accurate.

(1 mark)

c Circle the name of the scientist who used a telescope to produce evidence for this
model.

Isaac Newton Galileo Galilei

(1 mark)

5 Circle the correct word or words in the statements below.

A radio/transmitter produces electromagnetic waves that you can use to send

television pictures.

Different frequencies/sounds are used for WiFi signals compared to television

signals.

An electromagnetic wave used to communicate is called a carrier/radio wave.

Your television has an aerial/emitter that detects electromagnetic waves.

(4 marks)

6 Match the word to its definition.

alpha particle The nucleus of a helium atom.

The time is takes for the radiation per

beta particle
second to fall to one half.

gamma ray An electromagnetic wave.

Waves or particles emitted from radioactive

half-life
materials.

radiation An electron.
(4 marks)

7 a The space programme has benefitted people in everyday life. Describe two ways in
which people can benefit.

© Oxford University Press 2014 www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements

This resource sheet may have been changed from the original.
 End-of-chapter test
Chapter 2 Foundation

(2 marks)

b Despite this, Oliver thinks that the space programme is not worth the money that was
spent on it. Explain why he may think this.

(2 marks)

8 Florence moves a coil towards a magnet and sees an induced potential difference on the
voltmeter connected to it. State what happens to the reading on the voltmeter if.
a State what happens to the reading on the voltmeter if she held the magnet inside the
coil.

(1 mark)
b State what happens to the reading on the voltmeter if She turned the magnet round
(so the other pole was facing the coil) and moved it towards the coil.

(1 mark)

Florence wonders what happens to the potential difference if she changed the number of
turns on the coil.
c Describe the data that she would need to collect to find out the answer to this
question.

(2 marks)
d Predict what you think will happen.

(1 mark)
e Name the independent variable in this investigation.

(1 mark)

© Oxford University Press 2014 www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements

This resource sheet may have been changed from the original.
 End-of-chapter test
Chapter 2 Foundation

f State and explain why it will be very difficult to do a fair test in this investigation.

(2 marks)

9 a Here is a list of observations. Tick the observation that provided evidence for a change
to the model of the Solar System.

The Moon has phases.

Jupiter has moons.

The Sun moves across the sky during the day.

Jupiter’s moons are in orbit around Jupiter.

(1 mark)

b Mars appears to move backwards across the sky.

i Name this type of motion.

(1 mark)
ii Explain why this motion was important in changing people’s ideas about the Solar
System.

(2 marks)

10 a Identify the two statements that show the correct use of the words below.

radiation radioactive radioactivity

A: Radioactive materials emit radioactivity.

B: Radioactivity is the name given to the process of emitting radiation.

© Oxford University Press 2014 www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements

This resource sheet may have been changed from the original.
 End-of-chapter test
Chapter 2 Foundation

C: You can detect alpha radiation emitted by some radioactive materials with a
counter.

Statement or statements: (2 marks)

© Oxford University Press 2014 www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements

This resource sheet may have been changed from the original.
 End-of-chapter test
Chapter 2 Foundation

b Radioactive materials are used in hospitals to find and treat diseases. Discuss the
risks and benefits of using radioactive materials in this way. (6 marks)

In this question you get marks for how well your answer is written.
You will get marks for:

 spelling

 grammar

 organising your ideas and information clearly

 using key scientific words.

© Oxford University Press 2014 www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements

This resource sheet may have been changed from the original.