End-of-chapter test

Chapter 3 Mark scheme Higher

Question Level/
Answer Marks Guidance
number Band
1a A line spectrum/black lines in the 1 Level 5
spectrum. Secure
1b It tells the elements that are present 1 Level 5
in the atmosphere. Secure

1c Shows if there is oxygen 1 Level 5

which would make alien life more Secure
likely. 1
1d Either: 2 Level 6
Use telescope like HST Secure
To see them directly
or
Use the drop in light intensity
As an exoplanet moves in front of a
star
2a 2 Level 6 2 marks – all
Secure labels correct
1 mark – one
label correct

2b Any 6 marks from: 6 Level 6 Students should

(QWC) be marked on
 Refracting telescopes use lenses to Secure
the use of good
refract light. English,
 Reflecting telescope use mirrors to organisation of
reflect light. information,
 Refracting telescopes do not spelling and
produce clear images as different grammar, and
correct use of
colours of light are refracted by
scientific terms.
different amounts.
 Reflecting telescopes produce
better images as light is focused
by the curved mirror.
 The HST is a reflecting telescope.
It focusses faint light from distant
exoplanets using a large mirror.
 A large lens would be too heavy to

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 End-of-chapter test
Chapter 3 Mark scheme Higher

send to space
 So space based telescopes use
mirrors
 Ground based telescopes use
lenses or mirrors
3a 3 points from: 3 Level 6
GPS uses 24 satellites around the Secure
Earth. The satellites transmit radio
waves.
GPS calculates distance from a
measure of time.
A GPS receives signals from three
satellites and calculates the distance
to each one.
The point at which the three radii
intersect is the position of the GPS
receiver (triangulation).
3 b A signal can travel in a straight line 1 Level 6
from the satellite. Secure
3c Diagram showing waves diffracting Level 6 One mark for
around a hill. 2 Secure waves above hill
You do not need line of site because carrying straight
on
the waves bend/are diffracted as they
One mark for
go past hills. 1
curved waves at
the bottom
4 Any three of: 3 Level 6
Inside a particle accelerator is a very Secure
strong electric field.
Protons and electrons are charged
particles so they accelerate in an
electric field.
Particles can be accelerated to speeds
close to the speed of light.
Particles are smashed together.
New particles are produced.
A semiconductor detects properties of
a particle (such as its mass and its
charge).
5a 2 Level 7 1 for digital
Extending on/off
1 for wave in
between

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 End-of-chapter test
Chapter 3 Mark scheme Higher

5b The carrier wave has a much higher 1 Level 7

frequency than the sound wave. Extending

6a A 1 Level 7
Extending
The intensity drops more (to 196 not
198) 1
6b B 1 Level 7
Extending
It is in front of the Sun for a shorter
period of time. 1
6c If the uncertainty is big then you can Level 7
only detect big exoplanets 1 Extending
Because you would not see the
changes in the intensity in your
results. 1
7 Similar because 4 Level 8
 Particles were accelerated. Extending
 Collided with an object
(nucleus/other particles).
Different because:
 Rutherford worked out what is in
an atom.
 The LHC was looking for a new
particle.
8a total distance travelled = speed × time 3 Level 8 1 mark – method
Extending 1 mark – answer
= 300 000 000 m/s × 0.000 001 s
1 mark – dividing
= 300 m by 2
so distance to aircraft = 150m. Accept any
suitable method
8b total distance = 2 × 108 000 000 000 m 3 Level 8 1 mark – method
Extending 1 mark – answer
= 216 000 000 000 m
1 mark –
time = distance/speed multiplying by 2
= 216 000 000 000 m/300 000 000 m/s Accept any
suitable method
= 720 seconds (12 minutes)
8c It would take too long to use radio Level 8
waves to measure distances beyond Extending
the Solar System. 1
You might not be able to hit the object
with the radio wave. 1
14 d parallax 1 Level 8
Stars appear to be in different places Secure
in June and December. 1
So you can use mathematics to work
out how far away they are. 1

© Oxford University Press 2014 www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements

This resource sheet may have been changed from the original.
 End-of-chapter test
Chapter 3 Mark scheme Higher

© Oxford University Press 2014 www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements

This resource sheet may have been changed from the original.