ANSWER KEYS FOR DMLT

PART-I PART-II
1. Antonie Van Leewanhock 1. Hematology
2. Disinfection 2. Cells
3. Sterilization 3. Hemoglobin
4. In Open Flame 4. Blood thinners
5. Microscopic Dimension 5. Four blodd groups
6. Phagocytosis 6. Hemocytometer
7. Other host Organisms 7. Acid citrate dextrose
8. Horse shoe shaped 8. Macrocytisis
9. Blood agar. Chocolate agar 9. Ethylenediaminetatra acidic acid
10. Stuarts’s and amies media 10. Erythrocyte Sedimentation rate
11. Blood agar, chocolate agar, loffler’s 11. Blood clotting
serum 12. 4500-11000 WBC perimicroliter
12. B.megaterium 13. Monocyte
13. Staphylococcus 14. Lungs, Kidney
14. 7.0-7.5 15. TB, Natural killer cells WBC
15. Rice water 16. 8 Years -1.5mm
16. Tapeworms 17. Anemia
17. Ribbon shaped 18. Umbilical cord
18. Ascaris lumbricoides 19. Single structure
19. Species enterbiosis 20. Red blod cells
20. Malaria
PART-III
1. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte
2. Universal donor
3. A Zoospermia
4. Vitamin deficiency
5. Tissue block during Clotting
6. May occur in Vivo
7. Purple black
8. Cancer
9. Hepatic cells
10.Rare blood group
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
1) Explain Blood and constituents.
1. Blood and constituents:
 Blood is Yellow like straw coloured substances in your body.
 Essential environmental of body Functions.
2. Plasma:
 The blood thickers those essential antibodies are called plasma protein.
 Plasma Constituents: Nitrogen, Potassium, Aminoacids. Oxygen.

Monosaccharides, glycerol, Fatty acids, Glucose, Minerals Sugars, etc.
3. Inorganic substances:
  Urea, Uric acid, Critinine.
 Hormones
 Enzymes,
 Miocroorganisms,
 Mineral and Sugars
Plasma content of three types
1. Eruthrocytes- RBC:
 Erythrocytes are RBS cells. Biconcave shape. 7 diameters.
 Hemoglobin (HG)
 Male : 15-18 gldl
 Female : 0.5-16.5 gldl
Erythrocytes Disorder:
 Decreased level of HG deficiency of Anemia.
2. Thrombocytes or platelets
 Thrombocytes clotting of blood cells are called Platelets.
 Smaller than 0.5µm. They are Mitochondria Golgi Apparatus.
3. Leukocytes or WBC:
 They are important function of the counting of White Blood Cells.
 Increased level of leucocytes
Blood vessels:
They are occurs in blood vessels. Various types of cells.
 Arteries
 Artarioules
 Capillaries
 Veins
 Veniouls

2) Explain Central Nervous System.

Cental Nervous System:
The central nervous systems are here types.
 Central Nervous System (CNS)
 Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
 Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Central Nervous System (CNS):
 Brain- Cranial Nervous 12 pairs
 Spinal cord - Spinal Nervous 31pairs
Spinal Cord:
 Spinal Vertebrate

Cervical – 12 Pairs

Thorasic - 8 Pairs

Lumbar – 5 Pairs

Sacrum – 5 Pairs

Coccyx – 1Pair

Brain:
 The brain is important organs of the human body.
 The Jelly like mass of tissues
 They are hearing, Memory action, Thought, Sensation every like organ of human body.
 1.3 Pound of Kilograms
Muscle movements Brain Parts
Cerebrum
1. Cerebrum
2. Cerebellum
Hearing 3. Medulla oblongata
Medulla Cerebellum 4. Frontal lobe
Oblangata 5. Left hemisphere
a 6. Brain Stem

3) Explain Lungs and Functions:

They are two paired Lungs and important organs of the human body.
The lungs are “Spongy air filled organ”
O2 →CO2
They are Lungs either side of most from the “Chest”
Functions:
Left Lungs:
 The left lungs of the middle heart.
 Superior lobe → Upper Chamber
 Inferior lobe → Lower chamber
 The lungs covered of the covered by “Pleura”
They are two types
 Parietal Pleura → Covered of tissues
 Visceral Pleura → covered of lungs.
Right Lungs:
The right lungs of 3 types
 Superior Lobe → Upper Chamber
  Middle Lobe → Middle Chamber
 Inferior Lobe → Lower chamber
 The right lungs filled with alveoli contain “Air sacs”
Important functions of Lungs are
 Inspiration → O2
 Expiration→ CO2
Inspiration:
The lungs utilizated sent the “Oxygen”
Expiration:
 The lungs carry the sent out the “Carbon dioxide”
 The lungs are the subconscious process of the life Oxygen respiratory process. Ex. Balloon.

4) Explain Kidney and functions.

 The most Excretory function of the Kidney. They are water and salts contain of Urine.
 The vast products excretory products of urine.
 The main function of the Human body.
 Minerals and salt concentration of blood.
Functions:
 They Micro organisms of body functions
 Hemoglobin concentration
 Increased level of Blood pressure
 Minerals and salt concentration.
The modes of Excretory system:
 Liver
 Kidney
 Skin
Excretory products:
 Amino acids
 Urea
 Uric acid
 Guanine
 Carbon dioxide
5) Explain Muscular System:
Muscular System:
They are important smooth function of muscular system.
 Face
 Nose
Skeletal muscles:
 They are smooth structure similar function of vertebrates.
 The body functions of muscle concentration.
Smooth Muscle:
  The smooth thin lining of the muscles of the body functions.
 Non vertebrates cells of the body function.
Cardiac muscles:
 The cardiac muscles of the smooth endoplasmic cells of the body function.
 Important of the heart muscular organs.

6) Explain Icterus Index:

The icterus index means of the degree of Jaundice by measuring the internal of the color
of the serum or Plasma which is diluted with normal Saline until it matches is I 10000 solution of
potassium dichromate.
Reagents:
Potassium Dichromate:
Dissolve 0.1g of Potassium Dichromate in distilled water of normal saline.
In 1000 dichromate
→ Dilute the 1 in 10.
Normal saline:
→ Reading of Standard Normal Water 3-8 Units.

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING IN DETAIL:

1) Explain gross examination of urine.
 The Gross examination of urine is the excretory products.
 The biochemical function of the clinical laboratory tests of function of colorimetric
urinary system.
 They are ion and Salt concentration of urine.
 They are laboratory technique.
 The urinary system consists of the biometric
 System of the Urine function.
They are gross examination:
 Yellow colour → Normal urine
 Orange → Urinary Disease
 Red → Fever ionic disorder
 Purple Reddish → Chronic and Hemolytic anemia Sugar
 Brownish colour → Urinary Infection
 The function of the clinical laboratory technology of biochemical functions of disease.
 The cells are blood and serum plasma organisms.
 Urine wastes product of amino acids, Kidney, Lungs, Urinary track of cells organisms.
 Clinical methods of the nanometer or centrifuged the examine the laboratory.
2) Explain Micro organisms culture and its factors.
Micro organisms:
  The Micro organisms are microbial and microscopic dimension of the micro organisms
of culture media.
 The Pathogenesis of the micro organisms
the media culture and colonies of organisms.
 The organisms absorbed the “microscopic” views.
Functions of micro organisms:
1. Acidity:
The microorganisms of the acid soil of the
Organisms of acid solution.
2. PH:
The acid concentration normal value 0.6-0.7 PH Solution.
3. Temperature:
The normal lab temperature of the micro organisms.