TOPIC: CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is the process of capturing and storing
carbon dioxide (CO2) before it is released into the atmosphere. This
technology can capture up to 90% of CO2 released by burning fossil
fuels in electricity generation and industrial processes such as cement
production.
In Carbon capture process steps involved are capturing and
concentrating CO2 from industrial sources, compression on CO2 until
pressure of injection, transport of Co2 from compression units until
induction sites, CO2 will be stored underground or in oil and gas fields.
Capturing CO2 is most cost-effective at point sources, such as large
carbon-based energy facilities, industries with major CO2 emissions.
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a proven emissions, reduction
solution, permanently removing CO2 from the atmosphere. The benefits
of CCS are environmental, economic and social with the positive impact
both local and global.
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a way of reducing carbon
emissions, which could be key to helping to tackle global warming.
Three methods of carbon capturing are post-combustion , pre-
combustion and oxy-fuel combustion.
Different ways of carbon storage:
In plants and soil Terrestrial sequestration (Carbon sinks) Underground
(geological sequestration)
Deep in Ocean “Ocean sequestration”
As a solid material (still in development)
This carbon is then transported from where it was produced, via ship or
in a pipeline, and stored deep underground in geological formations.
Applications of CCS:
 Additional power generation.
 Can be used as fuel.
 Strengthen the concrete.
 To make chemicals
 To make plastics such as polyurethanes-soft foams (Mattresses)
 Provides job opportunities.
Cost of carbon capture and storage: It takes a large amount of energy to
capture CO2 from stacks at power plants, cement kilns Refineries, etc. It
takes more energy to compress it to the point of injection.
Cost of CCS makes electricity power stations more expensive to build
and electricity more expensive to buy. Actual cost of CCS range from
50 to 100 USD /CO2.
Capture and compression: 25 to 50 USD/tonne CO 2 Transportation: 1 -
5 USD/tonne Co2 & 100 km. Storage: 1-2 USD/tonne CO2