A prayer…..

GENTLE REMINDERS…
QUESTION:
Which
set – up
is tastier
than the
other?
QUESTION
Why does
sugar dissolve
faster when it
is powdered
rather than
cubes or
crystallized?
QUESTION:
In making a coffee,
what do you
notice with the
substances when
it is added to hot
water compared to
cold water?
QUESTION:
Why do you
prefer to put
hot water
instead of cold
one?
QUESTION
What do you notice about the GIFs presented? How
they are similar to one another?
REACTIONS IN MATTER
 CHEMICAL REACTION
• It is a process through which
one or more substances are
changed into different
substances.
• The original substances are
called REACTANTS, and the
resulting substances are
referred to as PRODUCTS.
CHEMICAL REACTION
QUESTION
What do you notice about the GIFs presented? How
they are similar to one another?
 REACTIONS IN MATTER
• Chemical reactions involve
collisions between reacting
particles, resulting in the
breaking of some chemical
bonds of the reactants and
the creation of new bonds
of the products.
 COLLISION THEORY
• These collisions are
governed by the COLLISION
THEORY, which states that
reactant particles require
sufficient kinetic energy to
initiate successful collisions
that will lead to the
formation of products.
 REACTIONS in MATTER
• Chemical reactions happen at different rates.
• The speed by which reactants are converted
to products is referred to as the RATE OF
REACTION. A reaction that takes a long time
to complete is described to have a LOW
REACTION RATE. A reaction that occurs
quickly has a HIGH REACTION RATE. While
some reactions may occur almost
instantaneously, others may take hours, days,
or even years to progress to completion.
 RATE OF REACTION
The behavior of the atoms,
molecules, or ions that comprise the
reactants is responsible for the rates
of a given chemical reaction.
• POLARITY
• TEMPERATURE
• MOVEMENT/ KINETIC PROPERTIES
• POSITION WITH EACH OTHER
FACTORS AFFECTING the REACTION RATE

A reaction can be speeded up or

slowed down by manipulating many
different factors
• CONCENTRATION
• SURFACE AREA (Particle Size of
Reactants
• Temperature
• Presence of Catalyst
1. EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION
Reaction rates can be increased if the
concentration of reactants is raised. An
increase in concentration produces more
collisions. The chances of an effective collision
go up with the increase in concentration. The
exact relationship between reaction rate and
concentration depends on the reaction
"mechanism”.

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class\concentration_en.html
QUESTION:
Which
set – up
is tastier
than the
other?
2. EFFECT OF SURFACE AREA/ REACTANT’S PARTICLE SIZE
Reactant particles with the same phase (liquid-
liquid or gas-gas) may easily mix with each
other. This gives the particles the maximum
opportunity to collide and react. The case is
different when one of the reactants is a solid;
the reaction can only take place on the surface
of the solid.
QUESTION
Why does
sugar dissolve
faster when it
is powdered
rather than
cubes or
crystallized?
QUESTION
Why are some medicines in liquid form
rather than solid tablets?
3. EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE – the average kinetic energy of particles.
When the reaction temperature goes up, the reaction rate increases as well.
The average kinetic energy of particles increases with rising temperature,
which means that at higher temperature, particles tend to move faster.
QUESTION:
In making a coffee,
what do you
notice with the
substances when it
is added to hot
water compared to
cold water?
QUESTION:
Why do you
prefer to put
hot water
instead of cold
one?
4. EFFECT OF CATALYST
A CATALYST is a substance
which speeds up a reaction
but is chemically unchanged
at the end of the reaction.

When the reaction has

finished, you would have the
same mass of catalyst as you
had at the beginning.
4. EFFECT OF CATALYST
Collisions only result in a reaction if the
particles collide with a certain minimum
energy called the ACTIVATION ENERGY for
the reaction. Only those particles
represented by the area to the right of the
activation energy will react when they
collide. The great majority do not have
enough energy and will simply bounce
apart. If there are very few particles with
enough energy at any time, then the
reaction will be slow. To increase the rate of
a reaction you need to increase the number
of successful collisions.
4. EFFECT OF CATALYST
One possible way of doing this is
to provide alternative way for the
reaction to happen which has a
lower activation energy. Adding a
catalyst has exactly this effect of
shifting the activation energy. A
catalyst provides an alternative
route for the reaction. That
alternative route has a lower
activation energy.
 CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Chemical reactions are represented by
chemical equations. Consisting of symbols and
formulas, chemical equations show what happens
during a reaction. The equations present the
identities and relative amounts of the reactants
and products involved in a chemical reaction.
4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3
 REACTIONS in MATTER

balancing-chemical-
equations_en (1).html
 IDENTIFYING LIMITING AND
EXCESS REACTANTS
SAMPLE PROBLEM
1. What is the greatest amount of NH3 (in moles)
that can be made with 3.2 moles of N2 and 5.4
moles of H2? What is the limiting reactant?
Which reactant is in excess and how many moles
of it are left over?
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
 IDENTIFYING LIMITING AND
EXCESS REACTANTS
SAMPLE PROBLEM ✓ WRITE ALL THE GIVEN
1. What is the greatest
amount of NH3 (in moles) that ✓ LIST WHAT IS ASKED
can be made with 3.2 moles
of N2 and 5.4 moles of H2?
What is the limiting reactant?
Which reactant is in excess
and how many moles of it are
left over?
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
 IDENTIFYING LIMITING AND EXCESS
REACTANTS
SAMPLE PROBLEM ✓ WRITE ALL THE GIVEN
1. What is the greatest
amount of NH3 (in moles) that
can be made with 3.2 moles Given:
of N2 and 5.4 moles of H2?
What is the limiting reactant?
Which reactant is in excess
3.2 moles of N2
and how many moles of it are
left over?
5.4 moles of H2
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
 IDENTIFYING LIMITING AND
EXCESS REACTANTS
SAMPLE PROBLEM
1. What is the greatest
amount of NH3 (in moles) that
can be made with 3.2 moles
of N2 and 5.4 moles of H2?
What is the limiting reactant?
Which reactant is in excess
and how many moles of it are
left over?
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
✓ LIST WHAT IS ASKED
Asked:
1. What is the limiting reactant?
2. What is the greatest amount
of NH3 that can be produced
with 3.2 moles of N2 and 5.4
moles of H2?
3. Which reactant is in excess
and how many moles of it are
left?
 IDENTIFYING LIMITING AND
EXCESS REACTANTS
SAMPLE PROBLEM
1. What is the greatest
amount of NH3 (in moles) that
can be made with 3.2 moles
of N2 and 5.4 moles of H2?
What is the limiting reactant?
Which reactant is in excess
and how many moles of it are
left over?
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
✓ LIST WHAT IS ASKED
Asked:
1. What is the limiting reactant?
To find the greatest amount of
NH3 that can be produced with
3.2 moles of N2 and 5.4 moles of
H2, determine first which is the
limiting reactant:
IDENTIFYING LIMITING AND EXCESS REACTANTS
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
1. What is the limiting reactant?
To find the greatest amount of NH3 that can be produced with 3.2
moles of N2 and 5.4 moles of H2, determine first which is the
limiting reactant:
IDENTIFYING LIMITING AND EXCESS REACTANTS
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
1. What is the limiting reactant?
Given:
3.2 moles of N2
5.4 moles of H2
IDENTIFYING LIMITING AND EXCESS REACTANTS
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
1. What is the limiting reactant?
Given:
3.2 moles of N2 - EXCESS REACTANT
5.4 moles of H2 - LIMITING REACTANT
 LIMITING AND EXCESS REACTANTS

✓ completely used up ✓Both ✓substance that

✓ limits the amount reactants
of the other reactant
is not used up
✓Use to completely in a
consumed and the
amount of product form
products
reaction
formed in a
chemical reaction ✓Overly given
✓Left over
 IDENTIFYING THE THEORETICAL YIELD
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
2. To determine the greatest amount of NH3 that can be
made with 3.2 moles of N2 and 5.4 moles of H2, start with
the limiting reactant:
3.2 moles of N2 - EXCESS REACTANT
5.4 moles of H2 - LIMITING REACTANT
IDENTIFYING THE THEORETICAL YIELD

REACTANTS PRODUCT/S

N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
THEORETICAL YIELD
This is the maximum amount of product that can
be obtained from a given amount of reactant. In
most chemical reactions, the actual amount of
product obtained is less than the theoretical
yield. This can be attributed to some factor:
impurities of reactants; byproducts formed as
side reactions; reactants are not completely
converted to products
 IDENTIFYING EXCESS REACTANTS
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
1. What is the limiting reactant?
Given:
3.2 moles of N2 - EXCESS REACTANT
5.4 moles of H2 - LIMITING REACTANT
 IDENTIFYING EXCESS REACTANTS
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
3. Which reactant is in excess and how many moles of it
are left?
Given:
3.2 moles of N2 - EXCESS REACTANT
5.4 moles of H2 - LIMITING REACTANT
Since we have determined that H2 is the limiting reactant, this
leaves us with N2 as the reactant in excess. To determine how
many of it is left over:
3.2 moles of N2 - 1.8 moles of N2 = 1.4 moles of N2 excess
IDENTIFYING LIMITING AND EXCESS REACTANTS
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

What is the importance of balancing

the equation first before proceeding to
finding the limiting reactant, excess
reactant and solving for the theoretical
yield?
CHEMICAL REACTION IN DAILY LIVES
 LEARNING COMPETENCIES
✓ Use simple collision theory to explain the effects of
concentration, temperature, and particle size on
the rate of reaction. S11/12PS-IIIf-23
✓ Define catalyst and describe how it affects reaction
rate. S11/12PS-IIIf-24
✓ Determine the limiting reactant in a reaction and
calculate the amount of product formed.
S11/12PS-IIIh-27
 ACTIVITIES TO DO FOR Q3W6
ACTIVITY:
PICTURE ANALYSIS
Direction: The
illustration below
shows examples of
slow and fast
chemical reactions
from everyday life.
Choose 1 slow
reaction and 1 fast
reaction from the
picture and explain
why you think so.
 PARKING LOT ACTIVITY
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTION:
1. How does each factor affect the reaction rate?
Start by saying, “The higher or greater” or The
lower or lesser” the _____________ is, the
__________ the reaction rate is.
2. What does a catalyst do in a chemical reaction?
3. In what way can you be a catalyst of change in
the community (home, school, barangay) you
belong?
WRITE ALSO YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT THE LESSON
12 “Here is a simple, rule-of-thumb
guide for behavior: Ask yourself
what you want people to do for
you, then grab the initiative and do
it for them.

Matthew 7:12 TMSG