ELECTRONIC MEDIA REFERS TO ALL MEANS OF SHARING

INFORMATION,
ELECTRONIC MEDIA ARE MEDIA THAT USE ELECTRONICS OR
ELECTROMECHANICAL AUDIENCE TO ACCESS THE CONTEN
ELECTRONIC MEDIA

MEDIA HAS PLAYED A VERY EFFECTIVE ROLE AGAINST THE SUPPRESSION OF PO-
LITICAL DISSENT AND MILITARY/CIVIL DICTATORS. ON THE OTHER HAND ALL SUC-
CESSIVE GOVERNMENTS IN PAKISTAN HAVE TRIED TO CAGE THE MEDIA. THE PRESS
AND PUBLICATION ORDINANCE (PPO) WAS PROMULGATED IN 1962 BY GEN. AYUB
KHAN TO CONTROL AND CAGE THE MEDIA.

COST OF DEVELOPMENT: ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION REQUIRES HUGE INVEST-

MENT FOR INFRASTRUCTURALDEVELOPMENT. FREQUENT CHANGE IN TECHNOLO-
GY ALSO DEMANDS FOR FURTHER INVESTMENT. LEGAL STATUS: DATA OR INFOR-
MATION, IF FAXED, MAY BE DISTORTED AND WILL CAUSE ZERO VALUE IN THE EYE
OF LAW.

THE PROS OF MASS MEDIA

IT CAN KEEP US CONNECTED. ...

IT CAN SPUR BUSINESS. ...
IT CAN SPREAD ART AND CULTURE. ...
IT CAN GIVE VOICE TO THE VOICELESS. ...
IT CAN EMPOWER THE ALREADY POWERFUL. ...
IT CAN BE USED FOR DISINFORMATION AND HATE. ...
IT CAN HOMOGENIZE CULTURE. ...

21 | MARCH | PAGE NO .2
IT CAN OVERTAKE PERSONAL CONNECTIONS.

CONTROLS MEDIA IN PAKISTAN?

TRADITIONALLY, THE GOVERNMENT-OWNED PAKI-

STAN TELEVISION CORPORATION (PTV) HAS BEEN
THE DOMINANT MEDIA PLAYER IN PAKISTAN. THE PTV
CHANNELS ARE CONTROLLED BY THE GOVERNMENT
AND OPPOSITION VIEWS ARE NOT GIVEN MUCH TIME

RANK OF MEDIA IN PAKISTAN?

GLOBAL RANKING

IN 2020, PAKISTAN’S PRESS FREEDOM RANK DROPPED

TO 145 OUT OF 180 COUNTRIES IN THE PRESS FREE-
DOM INDEX, AN ANNUAL RANKING OF COUNTRIES
PUBLISHED BY REPORTERS WITHOUT BORDERS
(RWB), AN INTERNATIONAL NON-GOVERNMENTAL
ORGANIZATION DEDICATED TO SAFEGUARDING THE
RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF INFORMATION.

If you’re a regular social media user, you’ve probably

encountered some or all of these positive effects at some
point.

21 | MARCH | PAGE NO .3
MASS MEDIA IS AN IMPORTANT TOOL OF COM-
MUNICATION.

RADIO AND TELEVISION ARE TWO ELECTRONIC MEDIA

OF MASS COMMUNICATION. RADIO IS AN IMPORTANT

1
ELECTRONIC MEDIA OF MASS COMMUNICATION. ITS
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS ARE THE FOLLOWING: (I) IT IS
THE CHEAPEST AND THE MOST EFFECTIVE MEANS OF
COMMUNICATION OF IDEAS AND CURRENT AFFAIRS OF A
LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE.

RADIO AND TELEVISION ARE TWO ELECTRONIC MEDIA

OF MASS COMMUNICATION. RADIO IS AN IMPORTANT
ELECTRONIC MEDIA OF MASS COMMUNICATION. ITS
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS ARE THE FOLLOWING: (I) IT IS
2 THE CHEAPEST AND THE MOST EFFECTIVE MEANS OF
COMMUNICATION OF IDEAS AND CURRENT AFFAIRS OF A
LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE.

3 RADIO AND TELEVISION ARE TWO ELECTRONIC MEDIA OF

MASS COMMUNICATION. RADIO IS AN IMPORTANT ELEC-
TRONIC MEDIA OF MASS COMMUNICATION. ITS MAIN
CHARACTERISTICS ARE THE FOLLOWING: (I) IT IS THE
CHEAPEST AND THE MOST EFFECTIVE MEANS OF COMMU-

21 | MARCH | PAGE NO .4