Scheduling

**Construction sequencing**

The Key Things to know about Construction Sequencing:

1. The two different type of CPM diagrams and for which type of
problems to construct them for.

A. Activity – on - Arrow diagram

B. Activity – on – Node diagram

2. How to construct the a CPM diagram

Background
The development of the network planning happened in
1957 to 1958. The Critical Path Method(CPM) was
developed jointly by the Dupont and Remington Rand
companies. At about the same time the US Navy, with Booz,
Hamilton and Allen as consultants were developing the
Program Evaluation and Review Technique. Both led to
widespread use of the techniques.

Both CPM and PERT use a network diagram to

graphically represent the major activities of a project and to
show relationships between activities.
 Scheduling
** Construction sequencing **

 Key #1: There are two basic ways to draw the networks
graphically.

 Activity – on - arrow diagram

 Activity – on – node diagram

Activity – on – Arrow Diagram

5
A 8
D
15 Finish
Start B
9
C 6
E

 As you can see from above the Activity-on-Arrow, is used to do a quick analysis of the
total project and to identify which activity precedes and secedes each other. It is used to
during the test to quickly identify critical path. Also it is important to realize that the
circles are events and the arrow are the activities. For example A could be the start of
clearing and grubbing, and the arrow to the right is how long the activity Clearing and
Grubbing takes.
 Scheduling
** Construction sequencing **
Example Problem: In the Activity-on Arrow network below, what is the early
start of activity J
10
4 A D 4 G 14
15
6 8 7 5 Finish
Start B E H J 3
6 5 3
4 2 6
C F I K

Solution:

Step 1: Find the paths that go through J.

Path 1: Start – A – E – H to J
Path 2: Start – B – E – H to J
Path 3: Start – C – F – I – H to J

Step 2: Find the longest paths that go through J.

Path 1: 4+15+7+5 = 31
Path 2: 6+8+7+5 = 26
Path 3: 6+4+2+5+5 = 22

So Path 1 is the longest with 31 days, this is will be the early start of
activity J.
 Scheduling
** Construction sequencing **

Activity – on – Node Diagram

A
1 5 11
6 16
D
16 8 16
B 24 24
Start 1 15 1
16 16
Finish

C E
1 6 9 7 9 15
7 15 16 24 Node Legend
Activity
Early Duration Late Start
Start
Early Resource Late
Finish Used Finish

Activity – on- node diagram: This way to draw a CPM is really powerful
in order to real CPM network analysis. You will need to master this type in
order to do resource leveling, schedule crashing, understanding floats, etc.
 Scheduling
** Construction sequencing **

For the test you will most likely be given the construction sequence and you
will just have to setup the diagram so you can identify the length of the
project or other types of questions. So the sequencing will just be the
construction of the CPM diagram. If the question asks you to determine the
sequence of events you will have to exercise your common sense and try to
figure out which ever precedes and succeeds each other. The questions will
be pretty simple though.

Example: Using the below construction sequence determine the length of

the project.

Task Predecessor Time

A -- 4
B A 9
C A 11
D B 5
E B 3
F C 7
G D, F 3
H E, G 2
K H 1

Answer:
a. 14 days
b. 11 days
c. 32 days
d. 33 days
 Scheduling
** Construction sequencing **
Task Predecessor Time
A -- 4
B A 9
C A 11
D B 5
E B 3
F C 7
G D, F 3
H E, G 2
K H 1

Step 1: Setup the diagram in the correct order.

E H K
3 2 1
B
9
G
D
7
5
A

Start 4 Finish

C F
11 7
 Scheduling
** Construction sequencing **

Step 2: Do the forward pass.

Determines ES and EF using ES+DUR = EF
If 2 (or more) EF from proceeding uses largest

E H K
14 3 30 2 32 1
B 17 32 33
5 9
14 G
D
23 7
14 5
A 30
19
Start 1 4 Finish

C F
5 11 16 7
16 23

Answer: 33 day to be complete