CropSci 2
Chapter1&2
Agriculture-a branch of science which deals with
the production of plants and raising of animals
useful to man
Crop Science-study of the world's major food,
feed, turf, and fiber crops and their
environment;
2 Branches of Crop Science
Agronomy –deals with the principles and
practices of managing field crops and soils
(Extensive cultivation)
Horticulture – cultivation of plants in a
garden/enclosed area (Intensive cultivation)
Crop Production - a branch of agriculture that
deals with growing crops for use as food and fiber
Green Revolution- The large increase in
agricultural production in developed
Dr. Norman Borlaug- Father of Green Revolution
developing countries during 1960s due to:
 mechanized agriculture;
 use of high yielding varieties (HYVs);
 use of chemical fertilizers; and
 use of pesticides
Issues in Crop Production & Dev’t:
 Food Security- when all people, at all times,
have physical and economic access to
sufficient safe and nutritious food that meets
their dietary needs and food preferences for
an active and healthy life.
Food loss and waste - The decrease of food in
subsequent stages of crop production down to
final consumption.
What makes it a challenge?
a. Population growth
b. Changing tastes
c. Climate change
d. Water scarcity
e. Troubled farmers
Famine in Ethiopia- 1984 & 2017
 Farmers’ Income-money generated by farm
or agribusiness operations
Effect of R.A. 10963 (TRAIN Law)-increases the
excise tax rates on cigarettes packed by hand and
packed by machine
 Increased Food Prices-  fundamental shifts
in global supply and demand.
Increase in food prices are due to the ff.:
a. High-oil prices
b. Increasing demand for bio-fuels
c. Trade intervention
d. Demand for meat products
 Climate Change- refers to significant
changes in global temperature, precipitation,
wind patterns and other measures of climate
that occur over several decades or longer.
Human sources of GHG emissions:
a. fossil fuel use
b. deforestation
c. intensive livestock farming
d. use of synthetic fertilizers
e. industrial processes
 Trade Liberalization-the removal or
reduction of restrictions or barriers on the
free exchange of goods between nations
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
(GATT)
- A legal agreement between many
countries, whose overall purpose was to promote
international trade by reducing or eliminating
trade barriers such as Tariffs or Quotas.
ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA)
- A trade bloc agreement by
the Association of Southeast Asian Nations
supporting local manufacturing in all ASEAN
countries
Infant industries argurment -developing countries
cannot compete against foreign counterparts
unless they are protected
 Agrarian Reform- aimed at modernizing
the feudal structure of southern agriculture
The mandate of DAR
CARP (R.A. 6657) / Comprehensice Agarian
Report Program
-redistribution of public and private agricultural
lands to farmers and farmworkers who are
landless, irrespective of tenurial arrangement.
Question/answer
1. “The large increase in agricultural
production in developed and developing
countries during 1960s”.
Answer: Green revolution
2. "when all people at all times have
access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to
maintain a healthy and active life".
Answer: Food Security
3-5.What are the components of Green
Revolution?
Answer: mechanized agriculture;
 use of high yielding varieties (HYVs);
 use of chemical fertilizers; and
 use of pesticides
6-8. Give three causes that makes Food
Security a Global Challenge.
Answer:
a. Population growth
b. Changing tastes
c. Climate change
d. Water scarcity
e. Troubled farmers
9. Refers to significant changes in global
temperature, precipitation, wind patterns
and other measures of climate that occur
over several decades or longer.
Answer: Climate Change
10.Who is the father of green revolution?
Answer: Dr. Norman Borlaug