Analytic Geometry (Points, Lines & Circles) 253 Time element: 4.0 hours Problem 451: ECE Board April 1999 The linear distance between —4 and 17 on the number iine is. 13 21 -17 13 gom> Problem 452: EE Board April 1994 Find the distance between A (4,-3) and B (-2,5). A 1 B. 9 Cc. 10 D. If the distance between points (3,y) and (8,7) is 13, then y is equal to A. S0r-5 B. 50r19 c. 19 Bor 19 Problem 454: Find the coordinates of a point equidistant from (1, -6),,(5, -6) and (6, -1). (2, -2) (3. -2) ,-3) (2, -3) com> Problem 455: EE Board April 1995 The line segment connecting (x,6) and (9,y) is bisected by the point (7,3). Find the values of x and y. A 14,6 B. 33,12 Ce 5.0)254 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas D. 14,6 Problem 456: If (-2.-8) is the midpoint of (6,-7) and (x,y), then the values of x and y are com> Problem 457: ECE Board November 1998 Determine the coordinates of the point which is three-fifths of the way from the point (2,-6) to the point (-3,5). A. (4,4) B. (2-1) C D. A, Problem 458: ECE Board April 1998 The segment from (-1,4) to (2,-2) is extended three times its own length. The terminal point is A. (11,24) B. (-11,-20) c. (11,18) D. (11,-20) Problem 459: The points (2,1), (b.2) and (c,3) are collinear. Which of the following is true? gop> Problem 460: If the slope of the line connecting the origin and point P is 3/4, find the abscissa of P if its ordinate is 6. com> eovoNAnalytic Geometry (Points, Lines & Circles) 255 Problem 461: ECE Board April 1999 Find the inclination of the line passing through (-5,3) and (10,7). 14.73 14.93 14.83 14.63 pop> Problem 462: Find the angle formed by the lines 2x + y-8 = 0 and x + 3y+4=0. 30° 35° 45° 60" pop> Problem 463: Find the angle between the lines 3x + 2y = 6 andx + y= 6. 12°20" 11°19" 14°25" 13°06" pom> Problem 464: What is the acute angle between the lines y = 3x +2 and y = 4x + 97 44° 28.3" aoe 18.6" com> Problem 465: EE Board October 1997 Find the distance of the line 3x + 4y = 5 from the origin. pop> “Non Problem 466: CE Board November 1992 The two points on the lines 2x = 3y + 4 = 0 which are at a distance 2 from the line 3x + 4y~6 =O are (5.1) and (-5,2) (64,-44) and (4,-4) (8,8) and (12,12) (44,-64) and (-4,4) gop>256 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas Problem 467: CE Board November 1992 The distance from the point (2,1) to the line 4x - 3y +5 = Ois pop> RON Problem 468: CE Board November 1996 Determine the distance from (5,10) to the line x— y = 0. A. 3.33 B. 3.54 C. 4.23 D. 5.45 Problem 469: The distance from a point (1,3) to the line 4x + 3y + 12 = Ois A. 4units B. Sunits C. Gunits D. 7units Problem 470: CE Board May 1992 Find the distance between the given lines 4x ~ 3y = 12 and 4x — 3y = com> oone Problem 471: EE Board April 1995, Find the distance between the lines, 3x + y— 1 =Oand3x+y -4=0. 16 fhe 8 4 one 8 ° 0Analytic Geometry (Points, Lines & Circles) 257 Problem 472: ME Board October 1996 What is the length of the line with a slope of 4/3 from a point (6,4) to the y-axis? 10 25 50 75 [opr Problem 473: ME Board April 1998 Find the slope of the line defined by y— 4 1/4 12 5+x poOm> Problem 474: CE Board November 1995 What is the slope of the line 3x + 2y + 1 = 0? pop> es S Problem 475: ECE Board November 1990 Ina cartesian coordinates, the vertices of a triangle are defined by the following A. 85q. units B. 9sq. units C. 10sq. units D. 11sq. units Problem 476: EE Board April 1994 Given three vertices of a triangle whose coordinates are A (1,1), B(3,-3) and (6,-3). Find the area of the triangle. 9oD> ease Problem 477: ECE Board November 1990 In a cartesian coordinates, the vertices of a square are: (1,1), (0,8), (4,5) and (-3,4). What is the area? A. 20 sq. units B. 30 sq, units C. 255q, units258 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas D. 35sq. units Problem 478: EE Board April 1997 A line passes thru (1,-3) and (-4,2). Write the equation of the line in slope- intercept form. A. y-4=x B.y=x-2 C. y=x-4 D. y- Problem 479: EE Board October 1997 ‘What is the x-intercept of the line passing through (1,4) and (4,1)? 5 gom> onan Problem 480: ME Board April 1997 Find the equation of a straight line with a slope of 3 and a y-intercept of 1 axty-1=0 x+3y+4 x-3y-1=0 pom> x 1 + i Problem 481: ECE Board April 1999 If the points (-2,3), (x,y) and (-3,5) lie on a straight line, then the equation of the line is A, x-2y-1= B. 2x+y-1 C. x#2y-1 D. 2x+y+1=0 Problem 482: ME Board April 1998 The equation of a line that intercepts the x-axis at x = 4 and the y — axis at y=-Gis, 3x4 2y=12 2x - By = 12 3x-2y= 12 2x— By = 12 pom>Analytic Geometry (Points, Lines & Circles) 259 Problem 483: A line with an inclination of 45° passes through (-5/2,-9/2). What is the x- coordinate of a point on the line if its corresponding y-coordinate is 6? A 6 B7 c 8 D9 Problem 484: Find the equation of the line passing through the origin and with a slope of 6? A. y-6x=0 B. y=8 C. xty=6 D. éx+y=0 Problem 48s: Find the equation of the line if the x-intercept and y-intercept are -2 and 4, respectively. A y-2k- Bo y+2x— C. y-2x+ D. y+2x+ 0 Problem 486: ECE Board April 1998 Determine B such that 3x + 2y — 7 = 0 is perpendicular to 2x— By +2 = 0 pom> Nena Problem 487: The line 2x ~ 3y + 2 = 0 is perpendicular to another line Li of unknown equation. Find the slope of L;. A 32 B. -3/2 Cc. 23 D. -28 Problem 488: A line through (-6,2) and (1,-4) is perpendicular to the line through (x,-7) and (8,7). Find x. A 4 B65260 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas c 6 D. -193 Problem 489: CE Board May 1996 What is the equation of the line that passes thru (4,0) and is parallel to the line x-y-2=0? x-y+4=0 x+y+4=50 4=0 x= goD> x= Problem 490: Find the equation of the line through point (3,1) and is perpendicular to the line x4 5y+5=0. A. bx-2y=14 B. Sx-y=14 C. 2x-5y=14 D. 2x+5y=14 Problem 491: Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of the line ‘Which of the following lines is parallel to the line 3x — 2y + 6 = 0? 3x+2y-12=0 4x-9y=6 ‘The equation of the line through (-3,-) parallel to 7x + 2y — Ois A. Txt 2y+31=0 B. 7x-2y+30=0 C. 7x+2y-4=0 D. 2x+7y+3050Analytic Geometry (Points, Lines & Circles) 261 Problem 494: What is the equation of the line joining the points (3,-2) and (-7.6)? com> Problem 495: What is the equation of the line passing through (-2,6) with the x-intercept half the y-intercept? A x-y=6 B. 2x#2y+2=0 C. 3x-y+2=0 D. 2x+y-2=0 Problem 496: CE Board May 1997 Find the slope of a line having a parametric equation of x= 2 + t and y = 5 3t 2 3 2 3 9OR> Problem 497: CE Board May 1998 Find the slope of the line having a parametric equation y = 4t +6 and x=t +1. 4 2 3 pomr 4 Problem 498: ECE Board April 1999 ‘Two vertices of a triangle are (2,4) and (-2,3) and the area is 2 square units, the locus of the third vertex is ax-y=14 Ax+ y= 14 x+4y=12 x-4y=-14 gop>262 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas Problem 499: ECE Board April 1998 Find the area of the triangle which the line 2x - 3y + 6 = 0 forms with the coordinate axis. com> Nare Problem 500: ECE Board November 1998 Aline passes through point (2,2). Find the equation of the line if the length of the line segment intercepted by the coordinates axes is the square root of 5. 2x+y-2=0 2x-y-2=0 2x-y+2=0 axty+2=0 com> ANSWER KEY B 464.A 477.C 490.B C 465.D 478.8 491.8 D 466.8 479.8 492.0 C 467.B 480.8 493.4 C 468.8 481.0 494. 496.B 469.B 482.C 495.D A D B D B RATING | 43-50 Topnotcher [_] 33-u2 Passer [_] 25-32 conditional () o-24 raitea If FAILED, repeat the test. 470.B 483.C 496.D 471.D 484.4 497.D 472.A 485.B 498. 473.A 486.C 499. -B 474.C 487.8 500.8 462. C 488. C 489.CAnalytic Geometry (Points, Lines & Circles) 263 ‘SOLUTIONS TO TEST 11 The linear distance from 4 to 17 is equal to 21. 40 17 a oie Sy 21 EEA using distance formula = focg— 1)? +2 - vs)? = y(-2- 4)? +[5-(-3)]? = 10 units P, (4, -3) Using distance formula: d= Vk. - x) + e-vF (OF = (a — xp? + e— ys)? 13'=(@- 3 +7 2 169 = 25+ (49 -14y +) O=y -14y—95 By factoring: Y- 19) +5)=0 ys-5 y=19 vee J +C6-yf ayl6- x +Ce-yP (=x? wee. yy, foal gre 6-y)* x? = (6-») ee =25-10x+x 8x=24 x=3 = ds iPi(1,-6) Pal5,-6) e+ Co-vF = Oy (6x) + -6-yP= 6x) +(-1-y)? Substitute x = 3: (5-3)? +36 + 12y+y?= (6-3) +1+2y+y" 40+ 12y = 10+ 2y264 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas Thus the point is at (3, -3) EEE et: xa, and yn, the coordinates ofthe midpoint on Bike Ym= Sit¥e Pi (6) 2 2 —— a= O2y x5 ¥se ss BELA Let: xm and yn, the coordinates of the midpoint Note: Ps (6,-7); P2 (xy); PC-2, -4) Xifo + Xf, _ 2(2/5)+ (3)(3/5) tytty (3/5)+ (2/5) y= Yet ¥en - (2/5)+5(3/5) qth (3/5)+ (2/5, oe yaa PRP Xia tat hth (1X3d)+ x2(d) _ -3d+ dx, 2 d+3d 4d 82-34% met = Ya + Yoh Tes = 40d + ya(d) _ 12d+ dy, d+3d 4d Ps (say) Given two points, the slope of the line is, movies XX Since collinear, my = ma.461, A Analytic Geometry (Points, Lines & Circles) 265 P2 (x, 6), thus x2 = x and yo = 6 m= 3/4 ‘Substitute in (1): 38-0 4 x-0 3x=24 x=8 Let: 6 = angle of inclination Note: Ps (-5,3); Po (10,7) tang= Y2-Y1. X2-X 0= 14.93" Let: 0 = angle between the two lines m1 = slope of line 1 m2 = slope of line 2 estan’ me @ 1+mym, 2x+y-8=0 when x=0, y= 43 ees y=-2x+8 ves Wert tea x+ay+4=0 x+3y+4=0 = By =-x-4 yee 3 3 By inspection; a 3 Substitute ms and me in (1) (113)=(-2) « 0 tan DN) 45°266. 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas cis! ow @O x+y=6 y=-x+6 By inspection; m=-1 ‘Substitute m; and me in (1): = 11° and (0.3099° x 52 7 O=tan? 2-1 a @O 1+mim, y=ax+2 By inspection; m=3 y=4x+9 By inspection; m= Substitute m; and me in (1): 4-3 @= tan" =4.4° "1 Oa Given a line Ax + By + C = 0, its distance (d) to a given point (x1, ys) is given by: az Abi)+BY)+C po @ Va? +B? The given line has the equation, 3x + 4y - 5 = 0. Thus, A= 3,B=4 andC =-5 The given point is at P(0,0) Thus, x: = 0 and y: = 0Analytic Geometry (Points, Lines & Circles) 267 3x + 4y-5=0 when x=0, y= 5/4 when y=0, x= 5/3 POD! Note: The sign of d (+ or -) denotes only the position of the point with respect to the line. And since in this problem, the point is below the line, d is negative. Alk,)+Bly,)+C VA? +B? a= Sb)+4ly,)+(-6) 3? +4? 10 = 3x; + 4yi-6 3xi+4y1 =16 ar O +dy= Oxy + By == 4 2x; = - 4—-3y; xe -2- ay wz Substitute (2) in (1): 2) $29 362 -Fyy)+4y;=16 2x ty td 0) 9 git ay 16 ys +44 Substitute y; in (2): x2-2- 3-44) x = 64 Thus, the first point is at (64,- 44) ae Alxy)+By)+C VA? +B? 2 = 3kks)+4(vs)+C6) V3? +4? = 10 3x; + 4y: 6 Sxt4y=-4 Br ®268 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas Substitute (2) in (3) Substitute ys in (2): x =-2- 3) med Thus, the second point is (4, -4) ESA The given i Thus, has the equation, 4x — 3y + 5 = 0. =-3andC=5 The given point is at P(2,1). Thus x; = 2 and y; g=AGi)+BQ)+C __4(2)-3()+5 =() 2units + VA? +B? -¥(4P +3)? ‘The given line has the equation, x - y = 0. Thus, A=1,B=-1andC =0 The given point is at P(5,10). Thus, x1 = 5 and yi = 10 = AG)+BOs)+C _ 16)+C1110)+0 <5 54 units VA? +B? = (0? + (1)? BEM The given line has the equation, 4x — 3y + 12 = 0. Thus, A= 4, B =-3 and C= 12 The given point is at P(1,3). Thus, x; = 1 and y1 = 3 ga AQ) B)+6 - 40)+98)+12_ _ 5 units Ya? +B? ~yl4P + C3PAnalytic Geometry (Points, Lines & Circles) 269 Eg Given two parallel lines; Ax + By + C; = 0 and Ax + By + Cz =0 the distance between these two lines is given by: C.-C, d= : zo Tea 4n-3y+8=0 4x-3y-12=0 By inspection, A = 4, B = - 3 and C; =-12 4x-3y+8=0 By inspection, C2 = 8 Substitute A, B, Crand C2 in (1): 8-(-12; d= = 4 unit Ss VAP +3 se 4: 3y-12=0 BiGh The first line has the equation, 3x + y—12 = 0. Thus, A= 3,B=1andC;=-12 The second line has the equation, 3x +y -4=0, Thus, C2 =-4 an oa Ce —n4-12)_ 8 ‘units Vee farsa? 0 Using point slope form: y~yr =m (x—x) = Aue) 3 Thus at x = 0; =-4 Using the distance formula: i = (x2 = 1)? + (¥2-y)? : d= (6-0)? + 14-4)? = 10 units BIER Using the point-slope form: y = mx +b By inspection, the slope (m) is equal to 1.270 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas axt2y +4 ay By inspection, the slope (m) is equal to 2 P,3,3) Prem. 1|%1 X2 Xs 21 ¥4 Yo Yal 4 3/2 _ = 2,0) 210 0 lst P1(-2,0) P40) =t [-2)(0) + (4)(3) + (8)(O) — (0)(4) — (0)(3) - (B)C-2)1 A=9 sq. units X1 Xp | 2 ys ¥2 Va| 3° 5 t Br) i +3 -3]4 =t (13) + @)C3) + OM), = (1)(8) - 635) - -3)1)) A= 459, units = 1X1 X2 Xs X4 211 ¥2 Yo Ya 2ij1 40-311 2[15 8 41 =f (106) + (4)(8) + (0)(4) + -3)(4) — (1)(4) ~ (§)(0) — (8)(-3) = (4)(1)1 i A= 25 sq. units P-3,4). P,(4,5) REA Ps (1, -3), thus x: = 1 andy: =-3° P2 (-4, 2), thus xo = - 4 and yo = 2 Using two point i Y: eer =H (x3) 3 yotie egAnalytic Geometry (Points, Lines & Circles) 271 5 32 —(-] y+3= —(k-1) yt3 =-x41 x-2 y P; (1,4), thus x1 = 4 and ys =4 j P2 (4, 1), thus x2 = 4 and y2 = 4 i Using two point form: Yo-Ys Ha % yes (xx) 1-4 ~45 A -4 y 7 yt4 =-x41 x+y=5 Substitute y = 0 to solve for the x-intercept: x+025 x=5 Using point slope form: y = mx +b where: m b Thus, y=3x+1 3x-y+1=0 EG: 2,3), thus x1 =-2 andy: =3 P2 (3, 8), thus x2=-3 and yz = 5 Using two point form: y-3=-2(+2) x+yt1=0 EEA using te intercept form: As given, a= 4 and b = -272 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas =the 6x - 4y = 24 3x-2y=12 0=45° P, (6/2, -9/2), thus x; = -5/2 and y: = -9/2 Po (x, 6), thus x2 = x and yo = 6 =8 P (0,0), thus x; = O and y: =O m=6 Using point slope form: y=yi =m &—x) y-0=6(x-0) y =6x y-6x=0 Ms. y Seas a’b where: a= x-intercept b=y-intercept By inspection: me-2 eeAnalytic Geometry (Points, Lines & Circles) 273 [2% - By +2=0 By inspection: m= 2 3 Since perpendicular, me = -—: =xand ys P4(8, 7), thus xq = 8 and ys274 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas EPA x-y- 0 y=x-2 By inspection: m= Since parallel: mz = ms Using point-slope form: P(4,0), thus x1 = 4 and ys =0 (=x) (&=-4) x-4 1 ee eas sin, 15 Using point-slope form: (3,1), thus x: = 3 and y; yrys=m (x—x) y-1=5(-3) x-15 EERE °:(5, 0), thus x P2(-7, 3), thus x2 (3,0) Solving for the midpoint of P; and Pz = MK. 54-7) 2 aAnalytic Geometry (Points, Lines & Circles) 275 Yo+¥s 0+3_ 2 2 Using point-slope form: m (x=) 4x-0) axeale 2y-3=8x+8 8x—2y+11=0 2y=3x+6 y= 3x3 thus m= vie Since parallel: m2 = ms Solving for slopes of the given lines. a 3x+2y-12= 2y=-3x+12 jm 2x6, thus m cs d. 15x- 10y-9=0 10y = 15x-9 Since parallel: ma =m;276 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas Using point-slope form: P(-3,-5), thus x; = - 3 and y y~yr =m =x) F: y-©5)= -5hk-C3)] 2y+10=- 7x24 7x+2y+31=0 8 yt2ex-3) “10y-20 = 8x24 Eee and b = 2 in (2):Reus Ey Analytic Geometry (Points, Lines & Circles) 277 +t x=2 wa @O y=5-3t uw @ Substitute (1) in (2): = 3x =2) 3x +6 = 3x41 By inspection: m=-3 yr4t+e aw @ xstet t=x-1 =O ‘Substitute (2) in (1): y=4Qx—1) +6 =4x-44+6 y=4x+2 By inspection: m=4 1 My X2 Xgl Y1¥2 Ya) x 2 -2|\x ya aly 4 = (N(x) + (2)(3) + (2)(Y) — (Y)(2) — (4)-2) - (3)(%) 4=4x+6- 2y—2y+8-3x 4ax-4y +14 x-4y=-10 2= locus of the 3 Vertex Suggested answer is choice d. 2x-3y+6=0 atx=0, 2(0)-3y +6 a aty=0, 2x—3(0) +6=0 x 3 Thus, the x-intercept (a) is 3 and the y-intercept (b) is 2.278 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas 2x -3(0) +6 =0 sd Thus, the x-intercept (a) is 3 and the y-intercept (b) is 2. 1 A= tap 2 A= 1(@)2)=3square units The value of “a” should be less than 2. Assuming a whole number for its value if in order to come up with an integer coefficients as found in the choices, then 2,2) “a” must be equal to 1 Ifa is equal to 1, then bis equal to-2 Solving for slope: m ie 2220. 0-1 Using point-slope form: Y~ Va = MX mq) y-2=2(x-2) y-2=2x-4 2x-y-2=0 m= =2