9

SCIENCE
Guided Learning Activity Kit
Organic Compounds
Quarter 2- Week 4

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Science – Grade 9
Guided Learning Activity Kit
Organic Compounds
Quarter 2 - Week 4

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Guided Learning Activity Kit Development Team

Writer: John Paul V. Alterado
Editor: Ailyne T. Renojo
Reviewer: Catherine R. Trimor
Graphic Artist: Ferdinand V. dela Llana
Management Team: Leonardo D. Zapanta EdD, CESO V
Michelle Ablian-Mejica EdD
Manolito B. Basilio EdD
Evelyn D. Tarrayo EdD
Garry M. Achacoso
Rachelle C. Diviva

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Zone 6, Iba, Zambales
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Website: www.depedzambales.ph
 ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Introduction

A covalent bond is formed between two non-metals that share electrons with
one another. In your previous lesson, you became familiar with the properties of
covalent compounds such as the melting point, boiling point, and solubility.

Organic compounds are examples of covalent compounds. This guided

learning activity kit will give you more ideas about the structure and properties of
organic compounds.

Learning Competency

Explain how the structure of the carbon atom affects the type of bonds it
forms. (S9MT-IIg-17)

Objectives

At the end of this guided learning activity kit, you are expected to:
1. define organic compound;
2. describe the properties and structure of the carbon atom;
3. explain how the carbon atom structure affects the types of bonds it can
form;
4. determine some common properties of organic compounds; and
5. relate the properties of organic compounds to their uses.

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 Review

Before we proceed to our new lesson, let us check your prior knowledge
about the properties of covalent compounds.

Directions: Choose the appropriate properties of covalent compounds. Write your

answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Conducts electricity when in solution Low boiling point

Is soluble in water High melting point
Low polarity High boiling point
High polarity Low melting point
Is mostly insoluble in water Does not conduct electricity in the
solid phase and solution phase

Covalent bonding has an important role in the formation of organic

compounds. Organic compounds are formed when a carbon atom shares its
electrons with other non-metals.

Discussion

Chemistry is the science which deals with matter and its properties. It is
further subdivided into different branches which are the specialized study of the
different aspects of matter. Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds
and the chemical reactions they undergo.

Organic compounds had been a part of the ancient culture. Our ancestors
make use of plant extract formula to cure ill and wounded members of their tribes.
However, their works are not labeled as “organic chemistry” at that time. With the
advancement of scientific knowledge, this specialized branch of study emerged.
Organic compounds are a group of compounds that contain the element
carbon. Although there may be a few exemptions, the carbon atoms in organic
compounds are almost always covalently bonded with hydrogen. Sometimes,
oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen also join the molecule. These organic compounds may
be produced by living organisms and their remains or through the synthesis of
inorganic materials.

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 Organic compounds are constituents of almost all the materials that we use
to make our life more comfortable. Organic compounds are used for making
plastics, papers, sugars, synthetic fibers, gasoline, cosmetics, and a lot more. What
do you think is the reason for the abundance of organic compounds? Let us find
out!

Pre-activity

Let us test if you can still remember how to get vital information in the
Periodic Table of the Elements. You are going to identify the properties of the
carbon atom. Using the periodic table of the elements, answer the questions that
follow.

1. What is the symbol of carbon?

2. What is the atomic number of carbon?
3. What is the valence electron of carbon?
4. What is the electronegativity of carbon?
5. Write the electron configuration of the carbon atom?

The vast number of organic compounds can be attributed to the unique

structure of the carbon atom.

Figure 1: Structure of the Carbon atom

Figure 1 shows that the carbon atom can form a maximum of four bonds. Its
electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p2 tells us that it has four (4) electrons in its
valence shell that can form four covalent bonds. Its high electronegativity is
responsible for its high tendency to attract electrons. Let us look at the types of
bonds that carbon atoms can form.

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 Double Bond

Single Bond

Triple Bond
Figure 2: Types of bonds that Carbon atoms can form
Figure 2 shows that carbon atoms can make a single bond, double bond,
and triple bond.

Short Chain Long Chain

Ring System

Figure 3: Chains of Carbon atoms

Figure 3 shows that carbon atoms can form covalent bonds in a short chain,
long-chain, and ring system. A carbon atom can bond with another carbon atom,
which in turn can bond with more carbon atoms.

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 Since the carbon atom can chemically bond in a variety of combinations
with other atoms, the possibility of forming different compounds is enormous.

Organic compounds can be classified as hydrocarbons or as hydrocarbon

derivatives. Organic compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only are called
hydrocarbons. On the other hand, hydrocarbon derivatives are organic compounds
formed from the reaction of hydrocarbons with other elements. These will be
discussed in the next guided learning activity kit.

The properties of organic compounds are related to its purpose. Let us

discuss some of these.

1. Odor - is the smell of the compound. We can classify the odor of an organic
compound into a strong odor and a weak odor. Organic compounds that have a
strong and pleasant odor are used as components of perfumes.
2. Viscosity - is a measure of a liquid’s ability to resist flow. Thick liquids that flow
very slowly are said to be viscous while those that flow quickly are non-viscous.
Viscous organic compounds are very much useful as sealants and lubricants.
3. Volatility - is the ability of a compound to evaporate or turn into a gaseous
state. The volatility of a compound is measured based on the time it takes the
liquid to turn into a gaseous phase. Volatile substances are used as solvents,
aerosol sprays, and fuel.
4. Flammability - is the ability of the compound to ignite or burn. Most organic
compounds are highly flammable thus, are suitable as a fuel for machines and
automobiles.
The different properties of organic compounds make them fit for multiple
purposes. In the next guided learning activity kit, you will learn about the different
classes of organic compounds.

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 Activities

General Directions: Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Guided Practice 1: Carbon or Not?

Directions: Write Carbon if the statement describes the property of carbon and Not
if does not.

1. It has six valence electrons.

2. It can create single, double, and triple bonds.
3. It has an electronegativity value of 2.55.
4. It can form an ionic bond with another non-metal.
5. It can form a ring structure.
6. Its electron configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p4.
7. It is present in all organic compounds.
8. Its valence electron is 4.
9. Its structure allows the formation of a limited number of compounds.
10. It is a type of metal that can conduct electricity.

Guided Practice 2: Testing the Viscosity of Liquids

Objectives: Determine the time it takes the liquid to reach the bottom of the
container.

Materials: Lotion, Shampoo, Perfume/cologne, cooking oil, dishwashing liquid, 5

tablespoons, 5 small transparent containers with a cover and of the same height
Procedures:
1. Put 1 tablespoon of each liquid in separate containers and cover it
tightly.
2. Turn the container upside down so that the liquid flows and touches
the cover of the container. Make sure that the liquid flows completely.
3. Set your timer to zero. Then, quickly turn the first container in an
upright position.
4. Record the time it takes the liquid to reach the bottom of the container.
Repeat procedures 3 and 4 for the rest of the containers.
5. Do three trials.
6. Compute the average time it takes for each liquid to reach the bottom
of the container.

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 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average
Liquid
Time

Lotion

Shampoo

Perfume/cologne

Cooking oil

Dishwashing
liquid

Guide Questions:
1. Which compound flows the slowest?

2. Which compound flows the fastest?

3. Which compound is the most viscous?

4. Which compound is the least viscous?

Independent Practice: I know your worth.

Directions: Give the uses of the following materials that contain organic
compounds.
Materials with Organic Compounds Their Uses
Soap 1.
Sugar 2.
Vinegar 3.
Cooking Oil 4.
Alcohol 5.
Paper 6.
Bleach 7.
Mefenamic Acid 8.
Carbonated Softdrinks 9.
Paracetamol 10.

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 Assessment

Directions: Read and analyze the questions. Write the letter that corresponds to the
correct answer.
1. Which of the following about organic compounds is INCORRECT?
A. They contain the element carbon.
B. The carbon atom forms covalent bonds with hydrogen and other elements
C. They are all derived from living organisms.
D. They are constituents of almost everything we use.
2. Which of the following compounds contain carbon atoms covalently bonded
with hydrogen atoms?
A. Ionic Compound C. Organic Compound
B. Inorganic Compound D. Polar Covalent Compound
3. How many single bonds are there in Methane?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
4. How many valence electrons does the carbon atom have?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
5. How do carbon atoms form many organic compounds?
A. By attracting noble elements toward themselves to form the bonds.
B. By forming various types of covalent bonds with other carbon atoms and
other elements.
C. By multiplying their electrons then share it with other elements.
D. By transferring their electrons to the atoms of surrounding elements.
6. How many bonds can a carbon atom form?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
7. Which of the following describes an organic compound consisting of carbon
and hydrogen atoms?
A. Inorganic compound C. Hydrocarbons
B. Hydrocarbon Derivatives D. Ionic Compound
8. Which of the following atoms can form short chains, long chains, and rings?
A. Hydrogen atom C. Oxygen atom
B. Nitrogen atom D. Carbon atom
9. Which of the following properties of organic compounds describes the ability
of a compound to evaporate or turn into a gaseous state?
A. Flammability C. Odor
B. Viscosity D. Volatility
10. Which of the following properties of organic compounds describes the smell
of a compound?
A. Flammability C. Odor

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 B. Viscosity D. Volatility
11. Which of the following properties of organic compounds describes the
resistance of a liquid to flow?
A. Flammability C. Odor
B. Viscosity D. Volatility
12. Which of the following properties of organic compounds describes the ability
of the compound to burn?
A. Flammability C. Odor
B. Viscosity D. Volatility
13. Mang Lito, a fisherman, went home with some of his catch and told his son
to cook the fish. But his son said, “father our stove already ran out of fuel”.
Mang Lito asked his son to buy some so that they could start cooking the
fish. Which organic compound do you think will the boy buy?
A. Alcohol B. Diesel C. LPG D. Lubricating Oil
14. Nurse Liza is about to give an anti-flu vaccine to a patient. Which of the
following materials should Nurse Liza use to clean the area of the skin where
she will inject the vaccine?
A. Acetone B. Water C. Isopropyl Alcohol D. Formalin
15. Salvador has to remove the red paint in the paintbrush so that he could use
it again. What organic compound could he use to remove the paint in the
paintbrush?
A. Kerosene C. Acetic acid
B. Formaldehyde D. Lubricating oil

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 Reflection

Directions: Identify what is being described by the following statements. Get

the needed letters to reveal the word. Write the letters to their corresponding boxes.

Reveal the word:

1 3 5 7 6 4 2

1. It is the most abundant element on the Earth’s crust and is a raw material
for cellular respiration. (Get the first letter of the word.)

2. It is the necessary element for the organic compound. (Get the first letter of
the word.)

3. It is the smell of the compound. (Get the last letter of the word.)

4. It is a measure of a liquid’s resistance to flow. (Get the second letter of the

word.)

5. The phases of matter are solid, liquid and ___________. (Get the first letter of
the word.)

6. Carbon atom can form four _____________ bonds with other carbon atom and
other elements. (Get the seventh letter of the word)

7. It is the ability of the compound to burn. (Get the third letter of the word)

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 References

"2.5 Organic Compounds Essential To Human Functioning". 2020. Opentextbc.Ca.

https://opentextbc.ca/anatomyandphysiology/chapter/2-5-organic-
compounds-essential-to-human-functioning/.

"3.1: Organic Compounds - Medicine Libretexts". 2020. Med.Libretexts.Org.

https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Anatomy_and_Physiology/Book%
3A_Human_Anatomy_and_Physiology_Preparatory_Course_(Liachovitzky)/0
3%3A_Molecular_Level-
_Biomolecules_the_Organic_Compounds_Associated_With_Living_Organism
s/3.01%3A_Organic_Compounds.

"Molecule Gallery - Alkanes". 2020. Angelo.Edu.

https://www.angelo.edu/faculty/kboudrea/molecule_gallery/01_alkanes/
00_alkanes.htm#:~:text=Cycloalkanes,for%20molecules%20containing%20
one%20ring.

"Organic Chemistry Is All Around Us". 2020. Thoughtco.

https://www.thoughtco.com/organic-chemistry-in-everyday-life-608694.

"Organic Compound | Definition". 2020. Encyclopedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/science/organic-compound.

"Organic Compounds In Daily Life". 2020. Prezi.Com.

https://prezi.com/04o3aey3wpsl/organic-compounds-in-daily-life/.

"Properties Of Organic Compounds". 2020. Softschools.Com.

https://www.softschools.com/chemistry/properties_of_organic_compound
s/.

Alvarez, Lisa et.al. 2014.Science Learner’s Module. First Edition. Pasig City:
Department of Education

Martin, Purita R. 2007. Connecting with Science Chemistry. Makati City: Salesiana
Books.

Santos, Gil Nonato et.al 2003. E-Chemistry III: The Next Generation. Manila: Rex
Book Store, Inc.

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Independent Practice: I know your worth.
Materials with Organic Their Uses
Compounds
Review
1. Used to clean our
Soap
body. Covalent Compound
2. Used as a food
Sugar Low polarity
sweetener.
Does not conduct electricity in
3. Used as one of the
the solid phase and solution
ingredients in many
Vinegar Low melting point
Filipino foods.
(adobo, paksiw) Low boiling point
Cooking Oil 4. Used for frying food Is mostly insoluble in water
5. Used as sanitizer
Alcohol
and disinfectant
6. Used to note/ Guided Practice 1: Carbon or Not?
Paper
record a file.
1. Not
7. Used for removing
Bleach 2. Carbon
stains.
3. Carbon
1. Used as medicine
Mefenamic Acid 4. Not
to relieve pain
2. Used as 5. Carbon
Carbonated drinks 6. Not
refreshment
3. Used as medicine 7. Carbon
Paracetamol to relieve pain and 8. Carbon
fever. 9. Not
Assessment 10. Not
1. C
2. C Guided Practice 2: Testing the
3. D Viscosity of Liquids
4. D Guide Questions:
5. B
6. D 1. Which compound flows the slowest?
7. C
8. D The lotion flows the slowest.
9. D
10. C 2. Which compound flows the fastest?
11. B
12. A The perfume flows the fastest.
13. C
3. Which compound is the most
14. C
viscous?
15. A
The lotion is the most viscous.
Reflection
Reveal the word: 4. Which compound is the least
O R G A N I C viscous?
1 3 5 7 6 4 2
The perfume is the least
1. OXYGEN viscous.
2. CARBON
3. ODOR
4. VISCOSITY
5. GAS
6. COVALENT
7. FLAMMABILITY
Key to Corrections
 Acknowledgment
The Schools Division of Zambales would like to express its heartfelt
gratitude to the following, who in one way or the other, have contributed to the
successful preparation, development, quality assurance, printing, and distribution
of the Quarter 2 Guided Learning Activity Kits (GLAKs) in all learning areas across
grade levels as a response to providing the learners with developmentally-
appropriate, contextualized and simplified learning resources with most essential
learning competencies (MELCs)-based activities anchored on the principles of
guided learning and explicit instruction:

First, the Learning Resources (LR) Development Team composed of the

writers and graphic artists for devoting much of their time and exhausting their
best efforts to produce these indispensable learning kits used for the
implementation of learning delivery modalities.
Second, the content editors, language reviewers, and layout evaluators
making up the Division Quality Assurance Team (DQAT) for having carefully
evaluated all GLAKs to ensure quality and compliance to DepEd standards;

Third, the Provincial Government of Zambales, for unceasingly extending its

financial assistance to augment the funds for the printing of these learning
resources for use by learners and parents at home;
Fourth, the teacher-advisers and subject teachers, in close coordination
with the school heads, for their weekly distribution and retrieval of the GLAKs and
for their frequent monitoring of the learners’ progress through various means; and

Finally, the parents and other home learning facilitators for giving the
learners the needed guidance and support for them to possibly accomplish the
tasks and for gradually helping them become independent learners.
To deliver learning continuity in this challenging circumstance would not be
possible without your collective effort and strong commitment to serving our
Zambaleño learners.

Again, our sincerest thanks!

The Management Team

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division of Zambales

Zone 6, Iba, Zambales
Tel./Fax No. (047) 602 1391
E-mail Address: zambales@deped.gov.ph
Website: www.depedzambales.ph