EE ELECTIVE 2

EE ELECTIVE 2: RENEWABLE ENERGY REPORT

BIOMASS
ENERGY
DAZO, NATALIE JOY DJ.
ESTRADA, BON JEREMY R.

Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts

 BIOMASS ENERGY

EE ELECTIVE 2

REPORT OUTLINE

INTRODUCTION HISTORY TECHNOLOGIES

● What is Biomass Energy?
● History of Biomass Energy
● Biomass Energy Technologies
● Applications of Biomass Energy
● Benefits of Biomass Energy
● Impacts of Biomass Energy

APPLICATIONS BENEFITS IMPACTS

Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts

 WHAT IS BIOMASS ENERGY? EE ELECTIVE 2

REASONS FOR BEING A TYPES OF BIOMASS ENERGY

DEFINITION RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES

“BIOMASS”: living or recently 1. Waste residues from forest 1. Wood and Wood Waste
dead organisms and any resources, mills, and scrap wood 2. Municipal Solid Waste, Landfill
byproducts of those organisms. will never cease to exist. Gas, and Biogas
2. Forests are properly managed 3. Biofuel: Ethanol and Biodiesel
“BIOMASS ENERGY”: crops, 4. Animal Manure and Human
residues, and other forms of due to their benefits.
Sewage
biological materials that can be
used in energy production. 5. Agricultural crops and waste
BIOMASS ENERGY IN THE PHILIPPINES materials

Philippines has abundant supplies of biomass

energy resources. Biomass energy plays a vital
role in the nation’s energy supply.

Intro History Technologies Application

Technologies Benefits Impacts
 HISTORY OF BIOMASS ENERGY

ANCIENT TIMES 1800s 1700s - 1960s 1900s

Biomass was Ethanol was used Pine sap was a Biomass fuel
around long to power the first renewable became popular
before people engine in 1826. resource from the again due to a
inhabited earth. Ethanol fuel 1700s to the boom in the
The first form of continued to be 1960s. This was automotive
biomass as an popular form of used in the industry and the
energy source is fuel until 1890s. ship-making wars.
the use of fire. process.

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Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts
 HISTORY OF BIOMASS ENERGY

1970s 20TH CENTURY MODERN WORLD

Fossil fuels OPEC reduced oil Biomass is

became the fuel exports. predicted to play
of choice in most Scientists took a a role in future
countries and systematic energy-efficient
held the top approach to power generation.
position of energy energy and
consumption coined the term
“biomass”.

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Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts
 Technologies IN BIOMASS ENERGY

DIRECT GASIFICATION ANAEROBIC

COMBUSTION DIGESTION

Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts

TECHNOLOGIES INVOLVED IN BIOMASS ENERGY
DIRECT COMBUSTION

Most electricity generated from

biomass is produced by direct
combustion using conventional
boilers.

These biomass boilers primarily

burn rice husks, sugarcane bagasse
and other agricultural wastes.

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TECHNOLOGIES INVOLVED IN BIOMASS ENERGY
GASIFICATION

Gasification is a thermal
decomposition process of solid or
liquid substances to syngas in the
presence of gasification agents
through a series of chemical
reactions.

Gasification can minimize the

emission of pollutants. The syngas
produces can be optionally purified
before combustion.

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TECHNOLOGIES INVOLVED IN BIOMASS ENERGY
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION

Anaerobic Digestion is commonly

used to fuel biogas generators to
produce electricity.

The technology uses anaerobic

microorganisms to convert biomass
such as animal manure, food and
agricultural wastes into biogas by
means of decomposition.

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 APPLICATIONS OF BIOMASS ENERGY

Heat
Biomass stove: A steady flame is produced and regulated to
guarantee optimum efficiency by gently moving fuel from
the storage container to the burn tray (called the hopper).

Biomass generates heat by burning its stored energy. Like a

gas boiler, biomass burners have a programmable
thermostat and timer. In addition, a remote control makes it
easy to manage daily and weekly activities and changing
temperatures at different times of the day.

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Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts

 APPLICATIONS OF BIOMASS ENERGY

Heat
Biomass stove: A steady flame is produced and regulated to
guarantee optimum efficiency by gently moving fuel from
the storage container to the burn tray (called the hopper).

Biomass generates heat by burning its stored energy. Like a

gas boiler, biomass burners have a programmable
thermostat and timer. In addition, a remote control makes it
easy to manage daily and weekly activities and changing
temperatures at different times of the day.

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Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts

 APPLICATIONS OF BIOMASS ENERGY

Electricity
For generating electricity, the producer gas from the
biomass gasifier is first cleaned and cooled and then used
as fuel in an IC engine. A generator coupled to the engine
produces electricity.

Biomass gasifier engine sets are typically available in

capacities ranging from 10 kW to 500 kW. Two types of
engines are used. Diesel engines are modified and can be
run on a mixture of diesel and producer gas (Dual-fuel
Engines). Typically 60 -85% diesel is replaced with producer
gas. There are also 100% producer gas engines that can
operate on 100% producer gas.

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Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts

 APPLICATIONS OF BIOMASS ENERGY
APPLICATIONS OF BIOMASS GASIFIER-BASED ELECTRICITY GENERATION
1. Village Electrification in an Off-grid Mode
2. Grid-connected Biomass Gasifier Power Plants
3. Biomass Gasifier for Captive Power Generation

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Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts

 APPLICATIONS OF BIOMASS ENERGY

Biofuel
Biofuels are transportation fuels such as ethanol and
biomass-based diesel fuel that are made from biomass
materials. These fuels are usually blended with petroleum
fuels (gasoline and distillate/diesel fuel and heating oil), but
they can also be used on their own.

Using ethanol or biodiesel reduces the consumption of

gasoline and diesel fuel made from crude oil, which can
reduce the amount of crude oil imported from other
countries.

Ethanol and biodiesel are also cleaner-burning fuels than

pure gasoline and diesel fuel.

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Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts

 BENEFITS OF BIOMASS ENERGY

★ Biomass is always and widely ★ It is carbon neutral. ★ It reduces the over reliance of
available as a renewable source fossil fuels.
of energy. ★ Bollsta sawmill in Bollstabruk,
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Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts

BENEFITS OF BIOMASS ENERGY

★ Is less expensive than fossil fuels.

Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts

BENEFITS OF BIOMASS ENERGY

★ Biomass production adds a ★ Less garbage in landfills.

revenue source for manufacturers.

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Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts

 IMPACTS

Impacts of Using Biomass Energy

1. Greenhouse Gas Emission Implications
2. Deforestation
Actions like using forest timber for fuel can lead to
deforestation, causing habitat loss, soil erosion,
destruction of natural beauty, and more..
3. Pollution
Burning biomass in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state can
emit pollutants and particulate matter into the air
including carbon monoxide, volatile organic
compounds, and nitrogen oxides
4. Water Use
Plants require water to grow; when energy companies
grow trees and other crops for a bioenergy plant, they
use a lot of water for irrigation.

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Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts

 REFERENCES

INTRO APPLICATIONS BENEFITS IMPACTS TECHNOLOGY ELECTRICITY COST VIDEO

HISTORY BIOMASS ADVANTAGES PHILIPPINES HEAT ELECTRICITY VIDEO VIDEO

RESOURCES

Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts

Intro History Technologies Application Benefits Impacts