PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Reviewer for 2nd Semester | First Quarter Exam
In Philippines the spanish word
“FIESTA” is used to denote A
Communal Religious Feast to honor
patron saint
- It brings community to be one
in celebrating joyful events
and socialize
(Cebu) Sign of appreciation to Sto.
Niño or Wooden Idols
- Held on the third sunday of
January
(Kalibo, Aklan) Expression of
gratitude and appreciation to Sto.
Niño
- Held on third sunday of
January
(Baguio City) Flowers are organized in
the Month of February. It introduce
Baguio as the “City of Flowers”
- Held during Saturday/ Sunday
of the month
(Bacolod City) People grieve over the
loss of their loved ones. To hide
suffering and lifting the spirits of
people
- Held on the Fourth Sunday of
October
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Pahiyas Means Precious
(Province of Quezon) A celebration of
thanksgiving for good harvest
- The tradition began all the way
back in the 16th Century.
- It is to honor San Isidro
Labrador, The Patron Saint of
Farmers.
Held every year on the 15th May in
Lucban Quezon
Derived from the word “Madayaw”
means “Good, Valuable and
Superior”
- Native expression in Dabawnon
Tounge.
- Annual thanksgiving festival
and tribute to its indigenous
people.
Held every third week of August
Movement is the change in the
position of all body parts with respect
to the whole body. It is one of the
significant features of all living beings
These movements are possible
because of joints. Joints are points in
our body where two or more parts of
our skeleton are connected together.
Different joints help our body carry
out different activities and movement
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Reviewer for 2nd Semester | First Quarter Exam
The human body movements get
polished as we grow in age. The
movement starts from crawling and
with the increase in age the person
starts walking leading to the
movement of the whole person.
Immovable or Fixed Joints
- These joints are held together
by tough tissue which develops
during childhood
EXAMPLE: The Cranium, Pelvis and
Vertebrae
Slightly Moveable Joints
- Movement is need but only to a
certain point, e.g., The Vertebral
Column
- Individual Vertebrae are
Separated by Cartilage
Freely Moveable Joints
- These joints are also called
synovial and allow movement
to take place
The Greatest Range of Movement
- One end of the bone is shaped
like a ball, and it fits into a
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hollow socket at the end of
another joint
- They are held together by
ligaments and tendons.
Allow extensive flexion and
extension (Bending and
Straightening) with only a tiny amount
of rotation
- It is made by joining two bone
ends with smooth surfaces.
- They are shaped to move
against each other with
minimum friction.
- Strong ligaments stop the
bones from sliding from one
side to other
Allows only rotation
- Woks by the end of one bone
having a “peg”, which fits into a
“ring” formed by the other bone
EXAMPLE: Pivot Joint at the top of
the spinal column, between the axis
and atlas bone of the neck (allowing
us to turn , raise and lower our heads -
this is crucial in controlling balance
and maintaining awareness)
Allow flexion and extension through
a slight gliding motion between the
ends of small bones such as hands
and feet.
- Small bones that can move
over one another to increase
the flexibility of hands and feet
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Reviewer for 2nd Semester | First Quarter Exam

- Strong ligaments link them

together and stop from
moving too far.

A cushion between bones to stop

Occur where concave and convex them, from rubbing or causing
surface meet friction
- Allow the movement of the joint - They help shock absorption
forward and backwards and - They connect joints
right to left
EXAMPLE of Saddle Joints include
Fingers and Thumbs Very strong string that holds bones
together and they limit movement
and stabilize joints.
The full convex shape of one bone
end fits into the full concave shape
of an adjacent bone Attached muscles to bones (or to
- This allows for movement in all other muscles) and they transfer force
directions, however, complete by the muscle to the bone.
rotations
MAIN EXAMPLE of Condyloid Joints
is the Wrist

Contraction resulting in a degree

- Synovial Fluid in them decrease in an angle at a joint.
- This lubricates the joint like oil
in a working engine the
enables all parts of the joint to Opposite of flexion increase angle
move against each other between two bones
smoothly
- Synovial Capsule: Holds the
fluid in place Result when the angle is >180 Degrees
- The Synovial Membrane lies
inside the capsule where the
fluid is produced. Movement of A limb away from the
midline

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PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Reviewer for 2nd Semester | First Quarter Exam

Opposite of abduction movement of Move your thumb to touch the tips of

limb toward the middle other fingers on the same hand.

Combination of Flexion, Extension,

Abduction and Adduction

Movement of bone around its

Longitudinal Axis

Occurs at the ankle, pulling the distal

end of the foot towards the tibia

Extension, Pulling the distal end of the

foot away from the Tibia

Turn sole of foot medially

Turn sole of Foot Laterally

Forearm rotates laterally so palm faces

up

Forearm rotates medially so palm

faces down