The document discusses the problem of improper usage of toilets and open defecation in rural India despite facilities provided by the government. This leads to health issues and an unsanitary environment. One proposed solution is to install bio-toilets, which treat human waste on-site through bacteria and produce pathogen-free water and biogas without needing energy or infrastructure. Bio-toilets could incentivize toilet usage and improve sustainability by providing compost for farms. While initial investment is high, bio-toilets provide long-term health, environmental and economic benefits. Information campaigns are also suggested to increase awareness, especially among teenagers and women.
The document discusses the problem of improper usage of toilets and open defecation in rural India despite facilities provided by the government. This leads to health issues and an unsanitary environment. One proposed solution is to install bio-toilets, which treat human waste on-site through bacteria and produce pathogen-free water and biogas without needing energy or infrastructure. Bio-toilets could incentivize toilet usage and improve sustainability by providing compost for farms. While initial investment is high, bio-toilets provide long-term health, environmental and economic benefits. Information campaigns are also suggested to increase awareness, especially among teenagers and women.
The document discusses the problem of improper usage of toilets and open defecation in rural India despite facilities provided by the government. This leads to health issues and an unsanitary environment. One proposed solution is to install bio-toilets, which treat human waste on-site through bacteria and produce pathogen-free water and biogas without needing energy or infrastructure. Bio-toilets could incentivize toilet usage and improve sustainability by providing compost for farms. While initial investment is high, bio-toilets provide long-term health, environmental and economic benefits. Information campaigns are also suggested to increase awareness, especially among teenagers and women.
PROBLEM STATEMENT Bio-digester is a consortium of anaerobic
bacteria, which have been screened and
Improper usage of toilets and sanitation gradually adapted to work at temperatures as facilities by rural household provided by the low as -5°C through the isolation of psychrophilic government under Swatch Bharat Abhiyan. bacteria from Antarctica/Siachen. These convert the organic waste into water, methane and CO2. The government of India constructed about 10.9 The anaerobic process inactivates the pathogens crore individual household latrines (IHHLs) with responsible for water-borne diseases. Bio- the main aim to make the rural areas of the digesters serve as reaction vessels for bio- country open defecation free. Under SBM (G), the methanation and provide anaerobic conditions incentive for construction of IHHL was enhanced and the required temperature for the bacteria. upto Rs.12,000 to provide for water storage facility for hand-washing and cleaning of the The following are the primary methods of human toilet. Despite the facilities provided by the waste management or treatment: government, people still do not use the toilets Pit latrine - collects human waste in a "pit" that and rather defecate in open areas leading to has to be periodically emptied. The waste is several health problems and an unhealthy either treated centrally or dumped in the ground. environment. It doesn’t just harm the person The former consumes energy in transportation involved but the whole community. The objective and treatment, whereas the latter contaminates for which the facilities were provided seems to the environment and ground water. Septic tank be failing and needs a solution for saving the retains the human waste, and is also periodically people from the health hazards and improving emptied and cleaned, emits foul smell and any their living conditions. leakage harms the groundwater. The other major practice is of hugely built sewage treatment Problem – The problem lies in the improper facilities (commonly called STPs). The human usage of toilets and defecating in open by people waste is transported via sewer lines to the in rural india especially. The reason behind it central facility and treated using colossal might be the lack of awareness among people, amounts of energy. ignorant behaviour and myths, stereotypes, improper waste management after toilets use, Bio-toilets, in contrast, treat the human waste at lack of water supply or no regular maintenance. source – obviating the need to carry/transport Be it any of the mentioned reason, it doesn’t give the fecal matter, no spoiling of environment or us a reason to ignore the problem. Hence groundwater, and don't need any energy. With no suggestive measures need to be taken. heavy infrastructure required – the bioloo eases the burden on government bodies. Then, there are other benefits of the bioloo. The system PROPOSED SOLUTIONS leaves pathogen-free water as effluent that can be re-used. For large bio-tanks, methane can be IEC ( information, education and communication) collected and used. These can be installed campaigns for teenagers and women. anywhere, without specification of land type, Construction of Bio Toilets. terrain, distance, etc.
Bio Toilets : The bio-toilet consists of an easy to
install super-structure, a multi-chambered matriced bio-tank that holds the bacterial culture and supports the treatment of human waste. The system doesn’t need any external energy for treatment, rather gives out pathogen-free effluent water that is apt for gardening and similar purposes; and biogas that could be used for cooking or heating. The system meets all regulatory and environmentally compliances and enhances the socio-environmental fabric of India. Moreover, the bio-digester technology was initially developed by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) for the defence personnel. The enterprise is pioneering this, in an integrated approach, and taking this effective and innovative sanitation solution to the civil population with varying applications. MISSION INVESTMENT TO ENSURE USAGE The initial investment would be rather high if the OF PUBLIC government plans to replace normal toilets with bio SANITARY toilets but the benefit driven would be far more FACILITIES AND advantageous. IMPROVE Since the people in rural india would also be SUSTAINABILITY benefitted with compost, it is a win win situation. It will also ensure that people use the sanitary facilities provided to them and save themselves from serious health bills.
People might be interested in following bio
toilets because it provides compost that they could possibly use in their farms saving them the money to buy it from the market. Second awareness should be the utmost focus point specially for teenagers and women. Explaining them the health hazards might be an important step as well in the whole process.