INFECTION
ILLNESS STAGE
DISEASE  is an abnormal condition affecting
the body of an organism
 a medical condition associated with
specific signs and symptoms
 may be caused by factors originally
from an external source such as
infectious diseases or it may be
caused by internal dysfunctions such
as autoimmune disease
 it can refer to any condition of an
individual that causes pain,
dysfunction, distress, social problem,
or death to the person affected
INFECTIOUS  commonly known as communicable
DISEASE diseases due to the presence of
infection and growth of infectious
pathogens, protozoa, and fungi
INFECTION  the invasion and growth of germs in
the body.
The germs may be bacteria, viruses,
yeast, fungi, or other
microorganisms.
Infections can begin anywhere in the
body and may spread all through it.
STAGES OF 1.INCUBATION STAGE
INFECTION -this is the onset of a contagious
disease wherein the virus multiplies
until it affects the body’s defense
-the period when infection and the
first signs and symptoms associated
with the disease appear
-during this period a sick person may
actually spread the disease-causing
microorganism without knowing
because this is a symptom-less stage
where microbes can multiply inside
the body and also spread to other
people
2.PRODROMAL STAGE
-during this stage, although a person
does not feel weak, sick, or may not
appear sick, the virus has become
stronger that the body’s defenses
-at this stage the illness may be
spread to other people
This is a short stage of disease
development when a person begins
to feel that they are getting sick
3.
-the illness has developed. In the
case of flu, fever, aches and pains,
and other symptoms are present
- this is the stage where a person
feels the typical signs and symptoms
associated with the disease
-this is the stage where a person feels
the typical signs and symptoms
associated with the disease
-this is also the stage where you can
most easily transmit a communicable
disease to another person
-the peak of illness intensity is known
as ACME POINT
4.DECLINE STAGE
-this is the stage of disease
development where the immune
system begins to bring microbial
replication under control which leads
to the lessening of the signs and
symptoms associated with the
disease
5.CONVALESCENCE STAGE
-this is the final stage of the disease
process where microbial replication is
fully stopped and the person returns
to the pre-illness state
TOP 10 MORBIDITY
LEADING -the condition of suffering from a
CAUSES OF disease or medical condition
MORBIDITY -the rate of disease in a population
AND MORTALITY
MORTALITY -term also used for death rate or the
IN THE PH number of deaths in a certain group of
people in a certain period of time
1.HEART -this is the general term used to refer
DISEASE to problems that affect one or more
components of the heart
-common cause of heart disease is the
narrowing or blockage of the heart’s
arteries which leads to a heart attack
Attributed to:
-overindulgence in eating salty, sweet,
or fatty foods
You have to:
-avoid overeating, drinking alcoholic
drinks, smoking
-exercise and get enough sleep
2.STROKE -cerebrovascular disease or stroke
occurs when blood is not supplied to
some parts of the brain due to
blockage (ischemic) or bursting of
blood vessels (hemorrhagic) in the
body
-70% of stroke cases in the Philippines
are ischemic in nature
-it happens suddenly but it can be
prevented by early diagnosis and
treatment of hypertension or high
levels of cholesterol
3.CANCER -according to the World Health
Organization (WHO) over 12 million
people are diagnosed with cancer
every year. If no urgent action is taken,
the number of cancer deaths may
reach 17 million by the year 2030.
-fifty thousand cases have been
recorded
4.CHRONIC -includes chronic bronchitis, chronic
OBSTRUCTIVE asthma, and emphysema. These
PULMONARY diseases prevent air from flowing
DISEASE freely to and from the lungs.
-it is estimated that 7% of all death
(COPD) worldwide are caused by chronic
respiratory disease.
-15% of cigarette smokers develop
COPD, aggravated by second-hand
smoke and pollution
5.ROAD -according to WHO, 1.2 million people
ACCIDENTS worldwide die from road accidents.
AND -the organization predicts that road
INJURIES accidents would beat the deaths
counts of HIV/AIDS deaths by 2030
6.DIABETES -an estimated four million Filipinos
suffer from diabetes. Experts predict
the number to increase to 380 million
by 2025.
-diabetes complications such as heart
disease, stroke, and kidney failure
7.DENGUE -the global incidence of dengue has
FEVER grown dramatically with about half of
the world’s population now at risk
-in the Philippines, dengue is probably
the most well-known and feared
tropical disease
8.MATERNAL -the Philippines along with 55 other
DEATHS countries contributes to 64% of all
maternal deaths per 10,000 live births
have been identified
-common causes include hemorrhage,
hypertension, sepsis, labor and
delivery problems, and complications
related to abortion
9. KIDNEY -it happens when the kidney cannot
FAILURE function properly
-one of the kidney’s main functions is
to clean waste materials from the
blood
-stage 5 kidney failure needs to
undergo dialysis
-only 50% of those who undergo
dialysis may be healthy enough to
undergo a kidney transplant and only
about 20% can afford the costly life-
saving operation
10.PERINATAL -the Philippines, together with the
CONDITIONS other 4.2 countries contributes to 90%
of global under-5 deaths at a ratio of
34 per 100 live births
-of this number 47% are identified as
deaths of infants less than 28 days old
-leading causes of prenatal deaths
include diarrhea, pneumonia, sepsis,
and asphyxia
TOP 10 1. Acute Lower Respiratory Tract
CAUSES OF Infection
MORBIDITY 2. Bronchitis
IN THE 3. Acute Watery Diarrhea
PHILIPPINE 4. Influenza
S 5. Hypertension
6. Tuberculosis/Respiratory Problems
7. Chicken Pox
8. Heart Disease
9. Malaria
10. Dengue Fever