A Comparative Study of Government and Private

Universities as Choices for Doctoral Research

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements

For the award of the degree of Master of Business Administration (MBA)
(2022-2024)

Under the Guidance of

Faculty Mentor: Dr.Ipsita Nayak
Designation: Assistant Professor
KIIT SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT, BHUBANESWAR, ODISHA

Prepared by:
Rudra Prakash Das
22202100
KIIT SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT, BHUBANESWAR, ODISHA

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 CERTIFICATE OF FACULTY GUIDE
This is to certify that the work incorporated in this project report " A
Comparative Study of Government and Private Universities as
Choices for Doctoral Research " submitted by Rudra Prakash Das is
an original work and is completed under my supervision Material
obtained from other sources had been duly acknowledged in the project
report.

Dr. Ipsita Nayak

Assistant Professor

KIIT School Of Management

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 DECLARATION
This is to declare that I Rudra Prakash Das bearing Roll No 22202100 pursuing
a Master of Business Administration degree from KIIT School of Management,
Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, do hereby declare that the project report,
titled " A Comparative Study of Government and Private Universities as
Choices for Doctoral Research " has been prepared by me. This report being the
result of original and authentic work has not been submitted anywhere earlier for
publication to any sources. This is completely true and genuine work to the best
of my knowledge and belief. The facts and findings presented in this project are
authentic and reliable.

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I am neither a research expert nor a trend spotter, I am a management student with
a foundation of management principles and theories, who is curious about various
sectors and their latest happenings. Definitely, I can't ignore the technology, with
interest as the backbone, and those search engines which helped me in building
up this research project.

Lastly, I would like to thank my faculty mentor Assistant Prof. Dr.Ipsita Nayak,
KIIT School of Management for her guidance, the almighty and my parents for
their moral and financial support, and my colleagues with whom I shared my day-
to-day experiences and received lots of suggestions that improved my work
quality.

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

Serial No Chapter Page No

1 Title Page 1

2 Certification from Faculty Guide 2

3 Declaration 3

4 Acknowledgment 4

5 Introduction 5

6 Literature Review 8

7 Significance and Objectives 11

8 Methodology and Hypothesis 12

9 Analysis and Interpretation 13

10 Suggestions and Conclusion 23

11 Reference 26

12 Appendix 27

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 INTRODUCTION
In the current era of globalization, the importance of higher education (HE) is
especially important since it promotes the dissemination of knowledge and the
economic prosperity of a nation. Building a workforce suitable for a developed
economy requires a higher education foundation. Higher education institutions
are beginning to focus more on satisfying or even exceeding the needs of their
potential students as they become aware that higher education might be seen as a
service industry similar to that of a company. In nations with tuition-based
structures, this shift is more common. Worldwide, higher education institutions
are struggling with a variety of issues, including their working conditions, which
can vary depending on demand and supply, fierce international competition, and
a decrease in financial aid . As a result, higher education institutions are steadily
focusing their attention on acquiring top-notch resources and students. This calls
for an even deeper comprehension of the information sources that students rely
on when they submit applications to higher education institutions. Additionally,
understanding the student recruiting procedures is crucial for decision-making
because it may assist the higher education institution in developing its marketing
tactics. From a candidate's perspective, it is crucial that there is enough
information available so that a precise decision can be made. The choice of which
college to attend has been described as having many influencing factors and as
being a very difficult decision. There are certain theories that explain how
students behave and make decisions regarding the college they choose to attend
for their doctoral studies. These models can be classified as mixed models, status
fulfillment/sociological models, and financial/econometric models.
Economic/econometric models assume that clients are very logical and advise
choosing options based on an approximation of each organization's costs and
perceived advantages. In light of this, the choice may be made based on the
institution that provides the student with the most significant value. These models

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do not take into account the subjective processes, which could include the
student's experiences when deciding which college to visit. Status
attainment/sociological models take into account sociological variables and
supporting evidence when determining the fundamental choice. These models
contend that the relationship between social (such as academic achievement) and
institutional (such as social class) characteristics influences a student's choice of
a higher education institution. In order to provide an increasingly thorough
explanation, combined models draw on both the logical technique of financial
models and the sociological perspective. In addition to this, a number of models
exist that shed light on how people approach the college selection process.
College administrators, especially those in the admissions department, should be
aware of this procedure.

In order to create a framework for student selection criteria for higher education
institutions in India, this study's goal is to identify those criteria. This framework
is suggested based on the body of previous research. Location, academic quality,
image/reputation, employment opportunities, and marketing are institutional
elements that affect students' decisions about which colleges to attend. This study
places a strong emphasis on the necessity of comprehending the vital elements
that enable hopefuls to make fundamental inquiries about the institutions they are
aiming for their higher education and to establish their priorities. As a result of
this study, HEIs will also be better able to frame their tactics for attracting
admission seekers' attention and showcasing their distinctive presence.

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 LITERATURE REVIEW
One of the most effective means of decreasing poverty, promoting health, gender
equality, peace, and stability, and accelerating development is education, thus
potential, traditionally-aged college students start thinking about their college
choices as early as their freshman year of high school (Hossler, Schmit, & Vesper,
1999). There has been a lot of research done on the factors or forces that impact
a student's decision to enroll in college or not (Chapman, D., 1981; Hanson &
Litten, 1982; Hoyt & Brown, 2003; Jackson, 1982). There are also related studies
that look at students' propensities for attending college or their aspirations to do
so (Hossler & Gallagher, 1987). However, there is little research that particularly
examines the variables that affect a student's decision to attend one sort of college
as opposed to another (Chapman, D., 1981; Hoyt & Brown, 1999).
The choice of college is the study's main topic. "Overwhelming" would be a
modest description of what prospective college students might go through as they
choose which college to attend in the current era of technology and the
information superhighway. Admissions counselors, campus tours, national
rankings, acceptance to standards, college recruiters, and course facilitators are a
few recruitment effects (Hoyt & Brown, 2003; Litten, 1982). According to
Chapman (1981), Hodges (2002), Kotler & Fox (1995), Livingston (2009), Pryor,
Hurtado, DeAngelo, Sharkness, Romero, Korn, & Tran (2008), and St. John,
Paulsen, & Starkey (1996), among others, personal influences can include
parents, academic standings, family traditions, peer pressures, distances from
home, scholarship offers, athletic opportunities, potential debt, and future
employability This study examined a total of 21 variables to identify the variable
or combination of variables that significantly affects students' decisions on the
type of institution of higher education they choose to attend. Hoyt and Brown
(1999) claim that the Cooperative Institutional Research Program (CIRP)
Freshman Survey is the most thorough in terms of the factors that influence
college choice. Researchers have been attempting to identify the elements that
most strongly affect whether or not prospective college students decide to
enroll in college for the past 40 years (Chapman, 1981; Jackson, 1982; Hanson &
Litten, 1982; Hossler & Gallagher, 1987). Due to sociologists' interest in
prospective college students' behavior in terms of selection, research on college
choice first emerged in the field of sociology (Sewell & Shah, 1967). Due to
financial worries and general municipal, state, and federal economic
ramifications, such as funding for specific programs, departments, and research,
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economists quickly entered the sector (Litten, 1982). Researchers that focus on
college choice have now joined the field to investigate a variety of topics,
including economic problems, marketing and recruitment, customer service,
student development, and enrollment implications (Kotler & Fox, 1995; Litten,
1982; St. John et al., 1996). Prior to the 1980s, there was little research on college
choice because the majority of higher education administrators prioritised
selection above recruitment (Chapman, 1981). Policymakers had to shift their
attention from selectivity and social behaviour to recruiting and marketing
theories to boost the number of traditional college-age students interested in
postsecondary studies as well as the number of options available (formation of
new colleges/schools) (Litten, 1982; St. John et al., 1996). The lack of theories
and models created to investigate this topic is the second reason why there hasn't
been much research on college choice prior to the early 1980s (Chapman, 1981).
These patterns are clearly changing as college selection has become a hot topic
in the field of higher education.
The author has found a number of variables that influence students' college
preference for private or government universities. Understanding consumer
demands and wants were the major goals of the research in order to remain
competitive and thrive among higher education providers. It was discovered that
the majority of students thought that when choosing a college, price was the most
crucial consideration. Tuition costs, study-related costs, living costs, and other
connected charges are all financial considerations. In addition to the price, factors
like reputation, proximity to a college, job possibilities, infrastructure facilities,
stipend, and parental input were taken into account. (Kusumawati 2013)
The author learned that the students usually preferred to choose a college close to
their locality. Compared to men, most girls want to attend a college that is closer
to home, with a focus on female safety. Unlike parents of students with lower
qualifications, parents of students with higher qualifications are less concerned
about the distance and place a greater emphasis on the institute's academic
excellence. For families with low or medium incomes, the price is also a
significant consideration because institutional fee structures are directly
correlated with income. (Mattern and Wyatt, 2009)
The author placed emphasis on the numerous factors impacting the choice of a
college for postsecondary education. Private colleges are primarily experiencing
an increase in enrollment.

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As a result, it encourages rivalry amongst educational institutions. According to
analysis, parents' advice has a significant impact on students. Students consult
friends, consultants, siblings, and teachers in addition to their parents. In light of
this, it may be said that some pupils give credit to a single person, while others
give credit to a group of people. (Jackson, 2012)
"A comparison on education quality between private and public funded
universities in Chennai," KM and Jasmine (2018). Public funded universities
have good staff, but because there has been relatively little investment in them,
there hasn't been an upgrade to the study materials, and there aren't any
technological facilities to offer a quality education. In contrast, private
institutions are profit-driven and sought to compete fiercely, so they made long-
term, significant investments and upgraded their study materials and
technological infrastructure.
Ranjan (2014) wrote in his article "Private universities in India & quality of
education" that the country's private higher education is becoming more
competitive due to a notable rise in the number of academic institutions. Only a
few private colleges and institutions in India have earned recognition on a
national and worldwide level, and their quality has not yet reached the point
where it would enable students to develop their talents, but all of them are
operating at the same level of effectiveness.
Government versus private primary schools in India: An assessment of physical
infrastructure, tuition costs, and academic achievement, Gouda and Das (2013).
The infrastructure requirements and educational costs, according to researchers,
are having a big impact on how well pupils achieve. Students who attended school
less frequently on average performed less academically and scored worse on tests.
Schools with proper infrastructure amenities and teachers who have a favourable
attitude about their classrooms have greater test scores and higher attendance
rates.
"A Comparative Study on Public and Private Funded Schools in Chennai,"
Rashmitha and Jashmin (2018). Both primary and secondary data were utilised.
Researchers discover that parents favour private schools over those in the public
sector. Because they consider that public schools have relatively less educational
resources and an inadequate learning atmosphere, and they think that there aren't
enough effective teachers working there. Therefore, 90% of parents choose
private schools for their children's education, career development, and standard
infrastructure.
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 SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVE

Significance
The enrolment of students is what keeps every educational facility alive. Today,
there is a great need to understand how institutions affect students' lives as a result
of the rise in educational institutions. The institutions need to have a solid, in-
depth understanding of the elements that influence the choices of students when
choosing a college. Additionally, it's important to comprehend and research the
relative weight of the various aspects that influence college selection.
The goal of this study was to identify the influencing elements that Ph.D. Scholars
regarded as being most important in determining whether they would attend a
public college or a private college, and
compare and contrast those factors with one another. Do Ph.D. researchers who
attend private colleges or public colleges differ in their justifications for doing
so? Where exactly do the differences lie if there are any? In an effort to improve
the target marketing of their various schools to particular categories of students,
admissions and recruiting policymakers may find great value in the responses to
these questions. The findings of this study may also enable institutions to
streamline their hiring procedures while saving time and money. Furthermore,
the results of this study could help colleges make predictions about the kind of
college a prospective student will attend based on a variety of variables.

Objectives
The following are the research study's objectives:
• To look into elements influencing students' choice of doctoral-granting
institutions.
• To ascertain how Ph.D. scholars choose their universities based on aspects
such as costs, demography, infrastructure, types of faculty, etc.
• To draw appropriate conclusions about Ph.D. candidates' choice of
colleges.

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 METHODOLOGY AND HYPOTHESIS

Hypothesis of the study:

The hypotheses of the study were as follows:

1. Ph.D. scholars have a strong predisposition to browse college websites before
choosing a school.

2. When choosing a college for a Ph.D. degree, students from traditional and
professional schools take a variety of things into account.

Research Methodology:
The goal of the current exploratory study is to offer precise direction for future
empirical research. Workable hypotheses are formed by reading relevant books
and articles and looking for hints for additional research. The objective of the
study is to collect descriptive data in order to develop more usable,
implementable studies. Surveys are used to acquire data. As a result, the study
employs a quantitative research methodology. It was selected because
quantitative research enables the researcher to look at differences and
correlations between variables.

Primary Data- Primary was collected by surveying a group of people.

Secondary Data- The Internet, articles, and books were referred to gather
secondary data.

Sampling technique:
The procedure of judgemental sampling was used where questionnaires were
provided to Ph.D. candidates from various colleges as part of judgmental
sampling.12 sets of questionnaires were created using Google Forms and
distributed to Ph.D. candidates from various institutions.

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 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Hypothesis 1: The propensity to visit a college website before selecting a
college is high among undergraduate students.

Figure 1.1 : Graphical Illustration of students accessing websites

The graph depicts how many respondents viewed the college website prior to
applying for admission. The graph shows that 52% of respondents do not visit
websites, compared to 48% of respondents who do. The enrollment process has
moved online, requiring students to choose from a list of colleges before applying
for admission.

Visitors to the website can examine information about the college, such as the
infrastructure facilities offered to students, staff profiles, prior academic
performance, and noteworthy extracurricular or athletic accomplishments. On
websites, unique college features are frequently touted. As a result, websites
make it easy to check all of these details.
These days, college reviews are also posted online by students. Therefore,
prospective students can read reviews left by previous students and decide
whether or not to enroll in a particular college. The photographs displayed in the
gallery, last but not least, help entice students to enroll in a certain college.

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Finally, a website will be an effective marketing tool for introducing new
universities to young people. Colleges should therefore update their websites.

Figure 1.2: Promotional activities adopted by colleges

Students view technology as their primary source of knowledge, but there are a
variety of different ways to learn about the college. The graph shows that word
of mouth had an impact on 30% of pupils. It alludes to the recommendations made
by their friends, family members, or anyone else connected to the college.
Peer pressure and the internet are effective tools for persuading students to enroll
in a particular college. These two choices have been made by over 25% of pupils.
Even while only 10% of institutions nowadays still hand out pamphlets to
students, this marketing strategy still has an impact on that 10%. Alumni make
up around 4% of the appeal to students, while newspaper ads make up 6%.

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Hypothesis 2: When choosing a college for doctoral research, students in
traditional and professional programs take different considerations into
account.
Table 1.1: Mean scores of the Program

Pursuing Std. Std. Error

program N Mean Deviation Mean
Academics Traditional 45 10.3778 1.91037 0.28478
Professional 55 10.9286 1.69338 0.22629

Curricular activities Traditional 45 10.5333 2.59895 0.38743

Professional 55 10.7143 2.07771 0.27765

Infrastructure
facilities Traditional 45 11.4 2.4346 0.36293
Professional 55 11.3571 1.65616 0.22131

Socio – economic Traditional 45 9.4222 1.82768 0.27245

Professional 55 9.8393 1.91432 0.25581

Others Traditional 45 11 2.16375 0.32255

Professional 55 11.5179 1.84874 24705

An independent samples t-test was performed with an alpha level of.05 to

assess the factors that male and female students took into account when
choosing an institution for their undergraduate degree.
The t-value of presumed equal variances is taken into consideration for further
study interpretation since the "Sig" value for "Levene's Test for Equality of
Variances" in the first, fourth, and fifth variables is not less than.05. While the
'Sig' value for the 'Levene's Test for Equality of Variances in the second and third
factors is equal to or less than.05, the t-value of equal variances not assumed is
taken into consideration for further interpretation of the study.

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 Figure 1.3 : Graphical representation of mean scores

Academic Factors:
When choosing a college, there was no discernible difference between
students studying traditional and professional degrees at the undergraduate
level. The t (99) = -1.53, P = .128. The difference's 95% confidence interval was
between -1.26 and 0.16. On a scale of one to three, with three being very
essential, traditional programs averaged 10.37 (SD = 1.9) while professional
programs averaged 10.92 (SD = 1.69) on a three-point scale.

Curricular Factors:
When choosing a college, there was a clear distinction between students
pursuing traditional and professional degrees at the university level. The t (83) =
-0.38, P = .705. The difference's 95% confidence interval was between -1.12
and 0.76. On a scale of one to three, with three being very essential,
conventional programs scored an average of 10.53 (SD = 2.59), and
professional programs scored an average of 10.71 (SD = 2.07).

Infrastructure Factors:
When choosing a college, there was a clear distinction between students
pursuing traditional and professional degrees at the undergraduate level. The t
(74) = -0.10, P = .920. The difference's 95% confidence interval was 0.80 to
0.88. On a scale of one to three, with three being very essential, traditional
programs averaged 11.40 (SD = 2.43) while professional programs averaged
11.35 (SD = 1.65) on a three-point scale.
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Social Factors:
When choosing a college, there was no discernible difference between
students pursuing traditional and professional degrees at the undergraduate
level. The t (99) = -1.11, P = .270. The difference's 95% confidence interval was
between -1.16 and 0.32. On a scale of one to three, with three being very
essential, the professional program averaged 9.83 (SD = 1.91) and the
traditional program averaged 9.42 (SD = 1.82).

Other Factors:
When choosing a college, there was no discernible difference between
undergraduate students pursuing standard and professional degrees. The t
(99) = -1.29, P = .198. The difference's 95% confidence interval was between -
1.31 and 0.27. The professional program averaged 11.51 (SD = 1.84) and the
traditional program averaged 11.00 (SD = 2.16) on a three-point scale with one
being not at all important and three being extremely important.
Three factors—academics, social life, and other considerations—that students
consider while choosing a college for their future studies are not significantly
different from those pursuing traditional and professional degrees. However,
there are notable differences between the two groups in terms of
infrastructure and cultural elements. Students in traditional and professional
programs did not significantly differ in their mean scores.
Brand Value :
Your university's branding is how it represents itself to the outside world.
Whether or not you're trying to build a certain brand for your institution, people
both inside and outside will have ideas about it. You can control these opinions
and change them for the better through the branding process. Creating a distinct
brand for your university can help you maintain the same message across all of
your platforms. It also gives potential students the impression that they know
what to anticipate, which is crucial in assisting them in selecting your college.
According to the graph below, 68.4% of Ph.D. candidates are persuaded by the
college's reputation. Therefore, it can be said that brand value is important
when choosing the type of college.

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Stipend :
When picking a college, a stipend is an important item to take into
consideration. A stipend is necessary for a Ph.D. student to cover work-related
costs, such as going to an event that is not typically expected of the employee.
According to the graph below, 63.2% of Ph.D. candidates anticipate earning
between Rs. 21,000 and 30,000. This suggests that Ph.D. scholars will largely
choose universities with better financial aid packages.

STIPEND EXPECTATIONS

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Nature of faculty members:
Faculty and academic quality go hand in hand. A professor at a university is
often much more than just a teacher. They are preparing you for adult life by
teaching you essential skills as well as preparing you for a career and, in some
situations, serving as a mentor.
You want professors who are qualified, but you also want one-on-one time. At
larger universities, many professors prioritize their research and hand off
teaching to graduate students. Smaller colleges and universities frequently place
a larger emphasis on the classroom and give their students more direct access to
their teachers.
From the below graph, we can see that majority of the scholars i.e 84.2% prefer
faculties that are easygoing and cooperative.

Nature Of Faculty Members

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Location of colleges :
When it comes to professional prospects and career progress, a suitable location
really shines after, and sometimes even during, your time at the institution.
When you position yourself in the best possible way to take advantage of
chances and succeed in your area, investing in your education and professional
network pays dividends. You may position yourself to make the most of your
academic experience by being aware of the opportunities available where you
attend college.
As per the graph below 52.6 people preferred their college to be present in the
same state.

Comparison Between Public and Private institutions as

Preference:
Education is regarded as a key element for the effective growth and
development of the Indian economy, in addition to playing a crucial part in the
development of intellectual abilities and knowledge. When the process of
forming human capital moves in the proper direction, it helps to create effective
human capital and paints a positive picture of an economy. Researchers base
their definition of educational quality on a few key components, such as the
institution's goals, course content, instructional strategy, evaluation system, and
other institutional procedures. On the one hand, the Indian government is
developing policies and programs to enhance the overall school effectiveness of
government schools and government-aided schools and provide students with a

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quality education, even though private universities are performing better in
terms of infrastructure facilities and other aspirational factors. The focus of
education has shifted from curriculum to infrastructure as a result of
privatization. Government schools, on the other hand, don't have the best
infrastructure, but they do concentrate on the curriculum's structure and
substance.
The below graph compares private and public institution based on different
variables.

Experienced Supervisors :
When Ph.D. scholars were asked about the expertise level of supervisors, it was
found that government colleges have more experienced faculty members in
contrast to private colleges.

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Quality of Guidance:
Ph.D. Scholars are more comfortable with the guidance provided by private
colleges against government colleges.

Exploitation of Supervisors:
Surprisingly it was found that private colleges traded better than government
colleges when it comes to exploiting supervisors.

Sharing of important information:

Information sharing is more streamlined and optimized in the case of private
colleges, Research scholars have better access to information in private colleges
than govt colleges

Supervisor stress on quality:

It was observed that the stress on quality to be maintained was more demanding
in case of private colleges than in public colleges.

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 SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION

Internal and external factors considered for selecting a college:

The factors are broken down into three categories: factors that are internal,
external, and others. These elements have an impact on a student's decision to
choose a college, either separately or all at once.
These factors are all thoroughly described below.

A) INTERNAL (Student’s oriented)

1. Preferred Program availability: Students are interested in applying for a

certain program. As a result, students begin their search by checking
program availability. Students may not choose a college if the desired
program is not offered there. However, it is advised that every college makes as
many of the programs that will draw many students at once available to the
students as possible.

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2. Family income: is one of the key factors determining students' college
choices, along with income level. The cost of attending a college is directly
correlated with income level. As a result, students from higher income groups
will choose to enroll in reputable programs. The income distribution of
households living in the immediate area must be taken into account while
establishing the fee structure.

3. Proximity to home: Some college students prefer not to go far for their
studies. Additionally, students who are employed or enrolled in professional
programs like CA, CS, etc. find it challenging to travel. So they opt to study at a
nearby institution to save time.

4. Peer pressure: A student's decision on which college to attend is frequently

influenced by their friend's choice. One of the significant elements affecting the
decision-making process is peer pressure. Students typically enroll in groups at
the same college when it is their first experience.

B) EXTERNAL (College oriented)

1. College Infrastructure facilities: Before enrolling themselves, students take

the college's infrastructure into consideration. Infrastructure covers things like
the classroom, the college's facilities, the canteen, etc. Students demand a
decent, capacious infrastructure when they spend years of their lives at an
institution.

2. Extracurricular activities: Students who enroll in college expect more from

their time there than just academics. The college hosts cultural festivals, techno
Utsav (tech fest), sporting events, and an annual day. These activities support
students' personality development and practical management skill learning.
Therefore, students make a judgment on whether or not to enroll in a certain
college based on past extracurricular activities.

3. Placement opportunities: The trend of offering placement opportunities to

undergraduate students is increasing especially among students belonging to a
professional program. The factor of placement opportunities is important for
students’ enrolling for doctoral which is unlike for undergraduate students.
However, it cannot be neglected as it is an important factor mainly for the
students enrolled in professional programs.

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 C) OTHERS

1. Career Counselor Opinion: Students now seek the advice of career

counselors while deciding which college and program to enroll in for future
study. Counselors are completely knowledgeable about the universities and
programs available in the market today. Therefore, choosing a suitable college
depends heavily on the guidance of a counsellor.

2. Marketing and Promotional activities: Since there are more colleges than
ever, each one must advertise its advantages. There are numerous promotional
activities, such as the development of websites, partnerships with coaching
centres, word-of-mouth marketing, newspaper advertisements, etc. This has
consequently grown in importance as a consideration while picking a college.
College marketing will assist in attracting more students.

3. Monopoly It is a commonly held belief that when a market has a monopoly,

the seller can reap the benefits of the profits. When a specific curriculum is only
available at one college, students are forced to enroll there without a choice.
Since there is only one college in a locality in rural or remote places, students
are unable to choose another institution.

4. Additional activities: There are colleges that place a high priority on

research and encourage students to engage in a variety of research projects
while also giving them the opportunity to choose sponsored research projects.
Even though a college has partnerships with international colleges and assists its
students in enrolling there for future study, it nevertheless promotes students to
enrol there.

A student's decision-making is influenced by a variety of circumstances. In

addition to variables, there are other people who have an impact on students'
decisions. Students take into account a variety of things because their needs
differ from one another.
As a result, choosing the finest college for higher education is a personal
decision for each student. Every college makes an effort to market itself and
establish itself as one of the best-suited institutions. As a result, it is thought that
there is a lot of competition among educational institutions today. Therefore,
each college must work to promote itself and draw in as many students as
possible.

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 APPENDIX

Q.1 Email

Q.2 Your age

o 18-25
o 26-30
o 31-40
o 40 above
Q.3 Highest educational qualifications

o PhD
o Pursuing PhD
o Planning to Pursue PhD
o Other
Q.4 Your Preference of university for doctorial research.

o Private University

o Government University

o Other

Q.5 Which of the following factors led you to make your choice?

o Faculty Personnel
o Physical Infrastructure
o Curriculum
o Location
o All of the above

Q.6 How much does reputation or brand of the college matter to you ?
o A lot
o Not much

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Q.7 According to you how much stipend expectations should a Research
Scholar have ?

o Rs. 10,000- Rs.20,000

o Rs. 21,000- Rs.30,000
o Rs. 30,000 and above
o Do not expect any

Q.8 Does your college have efficient access to infrastructural facilities ?

o Yes
o No
o Somewhat

Q.9 What infrastructural facilities will you look for in a college/university ?

o Proper Reading Rooms

o Remote Acess to Digital Resources
o Separate common room for research scholars
o Extended Library Hours

Q.10 What characteristics do you expect the most from your faculty member/
supervisor ?

o Should be cooperative and easy going so that I can take my time

o Should be strict so that I can finish early

Q.11 Where do you prefer your college to be ?

o In your own state

o Outside state

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Q.12 Do you think Public or Private universities are better in terms of the
following

TYPE OF Experienced The Less Sharing of Supervisor's

UNIVERSITY Supervisors quality of exploiting important Stress on
guidance supervisors information quality
received
GOVT.
PRIVATE

Q.13 Which one is a better option in terms of the criteria stated?

.
TYPE OF Availabilit Cours Brand Value Quality of Stipen Time Librar
UNIVERSIT y of seats e fee perceptio of the supervisio d Fram y
Y n degre n offered e facility
e
GOVT.
PRIVATE

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