Leonor S.

Dodongan
AU-CRI2-FB1-SJ1

1. Give a summary of what is PD 1069.

It is otherwise known as, the "Philippine Extradition Law" (1975), which provides for the
procedure for the extradition of persons who have committed crimes in a foreign country, by
rectifying the flaws in said law. Certain inadequacies of the law have caused delays in extradition
proceedings here in the Philippines.

2. Give a summary of the following. Give only the definition and main points
a) Paris Agreement
The Paris Agreement is a legally binding international treaty on climate change. It was
adopted by 196 Parties at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP21) in Paris, France, on 12
December 2015. It entered into force on 4 November 2016. Its overarching goal is to hold “the
increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels” and
pursue efforts “to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.” However,
in recent years, world leaders have stressed the need to limit global warming to 1.5°C by the end
of this century. That’s because the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change indicates
that crossing the 1.5°C threshold risks unleashing far more severe climate change impacts,
including more frequent and severe droughts, heatwaves, and rainfall. To limit global warming to
1.5°C, greenhouse gas emissions must peak before 2025 at the latest and decline 43% by 2030.
The Paris Agreement is a landmark in the multilateral climate change process because, for the
first time, a binding agreement brings all nations together to combat climate change and adapt to
its effects.

b) 1992 Paris Peace Agreement

The Paris Peace officially the Comprehensive Cambodian Peace Agreements, was signed
on October 23, 1991, and marked the official end of the Cambodian–Vietnamese War and
the Third Indochina War. The agreement led to the deployment of the first peacekeeping mission
(the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia) since the Cold War and the first
occasion in which the United Nations took over as the government of a state. The agreement was
signed by nineteen countries.
The Paris Peace Agreements were the following conventions and treaties:

 The Final Act of the Paris Conference on Cambodia

 Agreement on the Political Settlement of the Cambodia Conflict
  Agreement Concerning the Sovereignty, Territorial Integrity and Inviolability,
Neutrality and National Unity of Cambodia
 Declaration on the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Cambodia

c) Patent Cooperation Treaty

The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) assists applicants in seeking patent protection
internationally for their inventions, helps patent offices with their patent granting decisions, and
facilitates public access to a wealth of technical information relating to those inventions.
By filing one international patent application under the PCT, applicants can
simultaneously seek protection for an invention in a large number of countries.

d) Philippine United States Visiting Forces Agreement

The Philippines–United States Visiting Forces Agreement, sometimes the PH–US
Visiting Forces Agreement, is a bilateral visiting forces agreement between the Philippines and
the United States consisting of two separate documents. The first of these documents is
commonly referred to as "the VFA" or "VFA-1", and the second as "VFA-2" or "the Counterpart
Agreement". A visiting forces agreement is a version of a status of forces agreement that only
applies to troops temporarily in a country. The agreements came into force on May 27, 1999,
upon ratification by the Senate of the Philippines. The United States government regards these
documents to be executive agreements not requiring approval by the United States Senate.

e) Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property

The Paris Convention, adopted in 1883, applies to industrial property in the widest sense,
including patents, trademarks, industrial designs, utility models, service marks, trade names,
geographical indications, and the repression of unfair competition. This international agreement
was the first major step taken to help creators ensure that their intellectual works were protected
in other countries.

f) Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

On August 5, 1963, after more than eight years of difficult negotiations, the United
States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union signed the Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.
The destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki by atomic bombs marked the end of World
War II and the beginning of the nuclear age. As tensions between East and West settled into a
Cold War, scientists in the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union conducted tests and
developed more powerful nuclear weapons.
In 1959, radioactive deposits were found in wheat and milk in the northern United States.
As scientists and the public gradually became aware of the dangers of radioactive fallout, they
began to raise their voices against nuclear testing. Leaders and diplomats of several countries
sought to address the issue.

g) Philippine Australia Status of Visiting Force Agreement

The Philippines–Australia Status of Visiting Forces Agreement (SOVFA) is a bilateral
visiting forces agreement between the governments of the Republic of the Philippines and the
Commonwealth of Australia concerning the status of armed forces from each state while in the
territory of the other. A visiting forces agreement is a version of a status of forces agreement that
only applies to troops temporarily in a country.
The agreement was signed in Canberra, Australia on 31 May 2007 by Philippine Defense
Secretary Hermogenes E. Ebdane, Jr. and his Australian counterpart Defense Minister Brendan
Nelson. The signing was witnessed by Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and
Australian Prime Minister John Howard.
Under Article XVIII, Section 25 of the Philippine constitution, foreign military bases,
troops, or facilities may only be allowed in the Philippines under a treaty duly concurred in by
the Senate. A press release issued on October 3, 2007, by the Philippine Senate announced that
senators Mar Roxas and Jinggoy Estrada called the attention of the Office of the President for its
failure to officially transmit this agreement for Senate concurrence.
The Philippine Senate, voting 17–1, ratified the agreement on July 24, 2012. Lone
dissenter Senator Joker Arroyo questioned the sudden ratification of the SOVFA, suggesting that
the Philippines' unresolved territorial dispute with China may have triggered the vote. The
Philippines' Department of Foreign Affairs welcomed the Senate's concurrence while
Presidential Spokesperson Edwin Lacierda said in a statement that the Senate "has taken an
important step in enhancing our national and regional security by ratifying the Status of Visiting
Forces Agreement (SOVFA) between Australia and the Philippines."
The treaty entered into force on September 28, 2012.

h) Genocide Convention
The Genocide Convention was the first human rights treaty adopted by the General
Assembly of the United Nations on 9 December 1948 and signified the international
community's commitment to 'never again' after the atrocities committed during the Second
World War.
3. What is Team Policing?
Team policing was intended to improve police community relations and police crime
control effectiveness by permanently assigning a group of police officers to a particular small
geographic area as a neighborhood.

4. What is Cooperative Policing?

Police typically are responsible for maintaining public order and safety, enforcing the
law, and preventing, detecting, and investigating criminal activities. These functions are known
as policing.

5. Community-Oriented Policing
The CSOP System refers to the promotion of peace and order and public safety and the.
Strengthening of local government capability aimed towards the effective delivery of basic.
Services to the citizenry.

6. Problem-Oriented Policing
Problem-oriented policing (P.O.P.) emphasizes analyzing groups of incidents, identifying
the underlying causes, and then devising solutions by using a wide variety of public and private
resources.

7. Give background about the Philippine Center on Transnational Crime

The Office is created under the Executive Order No. 62 dated January 15, 1999. The
mission of the PCTC/INTERPOL NCB Manila is to formulate and implement a concerted
program of action for all law enforcement, intelligence, and other government agencies for the
prevention and control of transnational crime.
Transnational crime issues such as Illicit Drug Trafficking, Trafficking in Persons,
Terrorism, Arms Smuggling, Cybercrime, and Wildlife and Timber Trafficking.