Republic of the Philippines

State Universities and Colleges

GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE - GRADUATE SCHOOL
McLain, Buenavista, Guimaras

Ed-219: Theories and Principles in Educational Management

SY.2020-2021
Submitted to: Lilian Diana B. Parreno, Ph.D
Submitted by: MIKKEY JANE G. DELGRA
Reporter: EMILYN E. MAGNO

Characteristics of Good Management

My first-hand experience about a good management was when I am working in Taiwan. I

feel motivated to work because I have good supervisors, a good compensation, and a good
working environment. My supervisors are excellent in handling the employees, for example
when we are sick, he has a lot of patience to understand, when we feel sleepy (because we are in
the night shift) he pats us with some jokes, when our machine has maintenance issues he knows
well on how to repair, when we make mistake he talks to us first before he explains to everyone
why and what to do next time. He was an inspiration to me on what type of leader I’d like to be.
He is a learned man because he experienced the job from the maintenance department, to
machine operator, and up to his position as a supervisor. I wanted to be a leader who inspires
other people to work hard because they feel good in their work.

My earnings was very good too, modesty aside, I earn well especially when I have lots of
overtime. So I feel twice inspired. I am enjoying and I can pay my bills as well as I could remit
to the Philippines a good amount of money.

Lastly my colleagues consider each other as a family. I am thankful that I got into the
workplace where everyone is happy and when they have conflicts it doesn’t last for too long.

So I came into a realization that a good management has to have a good leader, employees
must have a good salary, and most of all the communication and the bond between the
employees must be good.

Republic of the Philippines

State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE - GRADUATE SCHOOL
McLain, Buenavista, Guimaras
Ed-219: Theories and Principles in Educational Management
SY.2020-2021
Submitted to: Lilian Diana B. Parreno, Ph.D
Submitted by: MIKKEY JANE G. DELGRA
Reporter: Miangrace Bonifacio

Educational Management: Meaning, Definition, Nature and Scope.

 This topic brainstorms us students into the field of management in education. There are
many definitions and terms about the educational management as a whole. Educational
Management is that branch of management which applies the theories and principles of
management in the field of education. It is
the process of managing these resources to achieve the desired goals of educational organisation.
The purpose of educational management is to effectively and efficiently create environments
within educational organizations that promote, support, and sustain effective teaching and
learning.

In teaching, Educational management prove to be a key part in the quality of graduates

depending on how the management level works through the teachers, School heads, and other
stakeholders of the school. The quality of the learners may not or may go better than the quality
of the teachers who taught them. Management is important to be discussed inorder to plan and
make a vision of a success that we want not only for the learners but for the school as a whole.
The first step inorder to make a good management system is to identify and be well versed on the
basics of management such as its scopes, history, underlying theories, and researches which will
serve as a reference or basis for the further choice of management that we wanted to apply, may
it be I the classroom, in the school, or in the whole system of education.

Republic of the Philippines

State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE - GRADUATE SCHOOL
McLain, Buenavista, Guimaras

Ed-219: Theories and Principles in Educational Management

SY.2020-2021
Submitted to: Lilian Diana B. Parreno, Ph.D
Submitted by: MIKKEY JANE G. DELGRA
Reporter: SUSAN PACULANANG
PUBLIC SCHOOL FINANCE
A) The School Enterprise
B) The School District as Government
C) School Finance as an Area of Study

School Enterprise is a program that is primary based on the concept of running business in
order to earn profits that are typically introduced in college education. In the elementary level we
start to open the minds of students in entrepreneur skills in their EPP class, We, for example
cook meals or snacks and sell it to other students at a reasonable price. It is important to equip
and discipline the minds of the students into managing themselves and realizing the proper
attitude towards business and management.

School districts serve to operate the public primary and secondary schools. It is subdivided
inorder to be specific of the scope of environment, and to delegate the tasks in a small
community. A school district headed by a good supervisor creates a harmonious environment.
When the School districts work well, School improvement is where schools become more
effective both in terms of academic outcomes as well as in developing the social and cultural
wellbeing of the children and adults within the school. Three areas is rich in a successful
management. First, more inspired school management, second, higher standards of teacher
professionalism, lastly higher expectations from schools, supported by caring supervisions.
Change at the school level must be supported by everyone, which would include setting,
communicating and supporting set of standards that focus on children’s learning and
development.

As an aspiring master in education, school Finance as an Area of Study is essential inorder

to be equipped with the complicated and critical process of managing the finances starting from
the classroom, the school, such as the facilities and other needs of the school. It is also important
to hear ideas on proper management of finances because it can educate us on the correct process
of it and the understanding of where the funds are coming and how to generate and convert them
into a sustainable project.

Republic of the Philippines

State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE - GRADUATE SCHOOL
McLain, Buenavista, Guimaras

Ed-219: Theories and Principles in Educational Management

SY.2020-2021
Submitted to: Lilian Diana B. Parreno, Ph.D
Submitted by: MIKKEY JANE G. DELGRA
Reporter: REGENE MAE C. MUTAS

Educational Management as a Process (Directing, Controlling)

 A great leader needs to understand the process of controlling and directing as part of the
educational process. The teachers, students, non-teaching staff and resources must be efficiently
arranged, monitored and controlled, so that they would work harmoniously according to
educational plan. Controlling the various functions in the organization to ensure they are on track
with the goals that were set at the beginning of the planning process. Controlling also involves
setting certain performance standards for the employees and constantly evaluating their job
performance. It involves evaluating the expected and actual job performance. The control inside
the classroom mainly comes from the teacher especially in the elementary level. Student sees the
teacher as the role model, and as a parent and thus, do exactly what the teacher wants them to be.
But the control is crucial especially in sustaining it, so when you make decisions inside the
classroom you need to be firm in doing it.

In
educational management, the school manager has to provide leadership in dealing
with the
subordinates as individuals and as groups. The directing function requires the school
manager
to give orders and directives to other people and expect their compliance.
In
educational management, the school manager has to provide leadership in dealing
with the
subordinates as individuals and as groups. The directing function requires the school
manager
to give orders and directives to other people and expect their compliance.
In
educational management, the school manager has to provide leadership in dealing
with the
subordinates as individuals and as groups. The directing function requires the school
manager
to give orders and directives to other people and expect their compliance.
For me as an aspiring leader, to do this successfully, I need to understand the complex
processes of leadership and the ability to influence one’s subordinates to work willingly and
cooperatively in carrying out institutional tasks. I need to provide leadership in dealing with the
subordinates as individuals and as groups. I could direct and give orders and instructions to other
people and expect their obedience. Directing is said to be a process in which the managers
instruct, guide and oversee the performance of the workers to achieve predetermined goals. I
could comply directing after formulating the plans for accomplishing the goals,
the organizational structure is prepared and suitable persons are designated to appropriate roles,
and the organization commences its operations.

Republic of the Philippines

State Universities and Colleges
 GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE - GRADUATE SCHOOL
McLain, Buenavista, Guimaras

Ed-219: Theories and Principles in Educational Management

SY.2020-2021
Submitted to: Lilian Diana B. Parreno, Ph.D
Submitted by: MIKKEY JANE G. DELGRA
Reporter: CAMELLA N. ESCOTE

SUBJECTIVE MODEL OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT

Subjective models are concerned with the meanings placed on events by people and focus
on the individual interpretation of behavior rather than the situations and actions themselves.
Subjective approaches emphasize the significance of individual purposes and deny the existence
of organizational goals. Subjective models provide few guidelines before taking an action.
We as leaders are expected to acknowledge the individual meanings placed on events by
the organizations. Subjective models treat structure as a product of interaction rather than
something that is permanent. The organization charts, which are characteristic of formal models,
are observed as actions in that they cannot predict the behavior of individuals. Subjective
approaches transfer the emphasis away from structure towards behavior and process. Subjective
approaches emphasize the significance of individual purposes and deny the existence of
organizational goals. This approach suggests that each individual has selective mentality and
perception about the organization.

Republic of the Philippines

State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE - GRADUATE SCHOOL
McLain, Buenavista, Guimaras

Ed-219: Theories and Principles in Educational Management

SY.2020-2021
Submitted to: Lilian Diana B. Parreno, Ph.D
Submitted by: MIKKEY JANE G. DELGRA
Reporter: NOEME E. SANTIAGO

Path Goal Theory

The theory focuses on increasing an individual’s motivation, sense of empowerment and

satisfaction so that they become productive members of the team. I achieve this theory by giving
encouraging, constructive feedback, and by providing constant support, such as asking if any
help is needed. In this time of pandemic I am given a task to lead my students in a different
manner, in a modular way of extending learning, there are a lot of challenges that I have
encountered as a teacher especially on looking at the answers as the performance of my students.
The challenge was first, identifying the authenticity of answers. So when the parents come to
school and submit their children’s works I try to motivate them to only guide the child and let
them learn according to their phase. My leadership comes by encouraging the parents to have
patience and involving them at this time with the learning of their child. Along with this is asking
them every time they come to school of their problems and needs and how I can help them and
their children in a plausible way considering the pandemic. I demonstrated the participative style
by allowing the parents to explain to me other strategies they could use to feel more confident in
discussing the module. After checking the modules, I wrote each student a note saying to keep up
the excellent work in which they are appreciated. I am happy to be a path-goal leader because I
enjoy giving encouragement and support to others. I want to be known as a leader who strives to
develop confidence in others.

Republic of the Philippines

State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE - GRADUATE SCHOOL
McLain, Buenavista, Guimaras

Ed-219: Theories and Principles in Educational Management

SY.2020-2021
Submitted to: Lilian Diana B. Parreno, Ph.D
Submitted by: MIKKEY JANE G. DELGRA
Reporter: THEA MARCEL PORTUEGES

Approaches/Theories of Organizations and Management

(Henri Fayol Classical Management)
 From Fayol’s perspective, organizations are very similar to one another and managers of
these organizations have to deal with similar situations. This is why he believed that developing
a set of principles in management would be very useful in the operations of any organization. He
proposed 14 principles of management. I could imply these at school management through
knowing and understanding the interests of each and every teachers and staff is of great
importance. Understanding each of their situation or where they are coming from, is a key to
managing them appropriately. If we develop that sense of empathy towards each employee, we
can identify and delegate the appropriate task to each of them and they could exercise the other
14 principles of Fayol vey well. Giving equal treatment to teachers is required of leaders to be
able to gain obedience and respect from all employees. Once you play favorites, subordinates
tend to question your integrity as a good leader. Also, leaders practice the principle of unity of
command which stresses that subordinates should be not be reporting to more than one manager
to avoid confusion and disorder. This helps the teachers and other staffs to concentrate on a
specific task given by only one leader.