LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE 8

Section and Time: Grade 8-Cabio Date:05-27-

2021

Learning Predict phenotypic expressions of traits following simple Level 8

Competency patterns of inheritance Quarter 4th
Knowledge: Week
4
No.
 Define heredity.
 Differentiate between dominant and recessive.
 Describe how a Punnett Square is used
Skills:
•
Learning  Determine the phenotypes and genotypes of an
Objectives organism.
 Predict the outcomes of crosses based on the
principle of probability.
Attitude:
 Give a basic explanation of heredity.
• Appreciate the different traits or characteristics of
each organism

Content
Standard 1. how cells divide to produce new cells 2. meiosis as one
of the processes producing genetic variations of the
Mendelian Pattern of Inheritance
Performanc s 2. meiosis as one of the processes producing genetic
e Standard variations of the Mendelian Pattern of Inheritance report
on the importance of variation in plant and animal
breeding

Duration
Topic HEREDITY
1 hr
Learner’s Module
Resources 2 coins
Needed a piece of paper
pencil/pen

1.Heredity- the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically

from one generation to another.
2.Recessive- relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by
genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents
3.Dominant- most important, powerful, or influential
4. Punnet Square- is a square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes
Unlocking of a particular cross or breeding experiment
of terms. 5.Genotype- refers to the genetic makeup of an organism; in other words, it
describes an organism's complete set of genes. 
6.Phenotype- the visible or observable expression of the results of genes,
combined with the environmental influence on an organism’s appearance or
behavior.
7.Allele- one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation
and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
8.Gametes- a haploid cell that fuses with another haploid cell
 during fertilization in organisms that reproduce sexually.
9.Law of Segregation-the pair of genes segregate from each other during
gamete formation.
10. Mutation -is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes
when the DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors such as UV light
and cigarette smoke. 
11. Homozygous Dominant -genotype is one in which both alleles are dominant
12. Heterozygous Recessive- alleles only express their phenotype if an organism carries two
identical copies of the recessive allele, meaning it is homozygous for the recessive allele.
13. Heterozygous Dominant -Two different alleles
14. Trait-is a specific characteristic that is unique.
-affect the way we look
-affect how our bodies function

PROCEDURE:
Element of
SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES
the Plan
Awareness
 Prayer
 Attendance
 Review of the past lesson
 Showing of a family picture

Activity Tossing of Probability

Intruction
In a group there should be a leader, secretary .Each member should
participate and will give their own idea and opinion. Everyone should
participate in the activity
• Procedure:
On a piece of paper, make a chart similar to the given below.
  HEAD TAIL
(H) (h)
Total    
Percentage    

Ratio of the    
combinations

2. Toss a coin. If a head comes up, mark column 1; if a tail, then mark
column 2. Make 50 tosses of the coin.
3. Get the total number of times each face of the coin appears. Calculate
the percentage of the appearance of each face. To compute the percentage:
• (total / 50) x 100 %
4. Let us assume that the coin represents the genotype of a parent, and
each face is an allele, with the head as the dominant allele (H) and the tail
as the recessive allele (h).
On the same piece of paper, make a chart similar to the one given below.
  Head -Head Head -Tail Tail-Tail
(HH) (Hh) (hh)

Total      
Percentage      
Ratio of the      
combinations

6. Toss the two coins together. If a head-head combination appears, mark

column 1; if head-tail, mark column 2; and if tail-tail, mark column 3.
 Make 50 tosses of the coins.
7. Get the total number of times each combination appears. Calculate the
percentage of the appearance of each combination. To compute the
percentage:
(total / 50) x 100 %

(Math is being integrated in this lesson because students were going

to count the total number of heads, tail and they were going to fine
the percentage of each tail and heads as well as the ratio.)

Criteria
Group Participation 50%
Neatness of output 30%
Display thorough understanding about the activity 20%
100%

In the activity I let students do toss a coin following all the procedures that
is written in their activity sheet. I only facilitated them. This is a learner
centered activity.

Analysis 1.What is the ratio of heads to tails?

2.What is the ratio of the gametes of this parent with heterozygous
genotype?
3.What is the ratio of a head-head, head-tail, and tail-tail combination
when you make 50 tosses.
4. If you toss the same coins in 100,000 times, would you approximately get
the same ratio?

Abstraction
1.What is heredity?
2. What is the use of the Punnett Square?
3. What is the difference between dominant and recessive?
4. What does Law of Segregation states?

Application Solve the following using Punnet square

• 1.Both husband and wife are heterozygous (Aa) for dimples. What are
the chances that their children will have dimples?
• 2.Short hair (L) is dominant over long hair (l) in rabbits. Two
heterozygous rabbits are mated. What phenotypes are expected, and
in what ratios of the bunnies produced?

Assessment Write the letter of the correct answer.

1. One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation
and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
• A.Heredity C.Allele
• B.Punnet Square D.Phenotype
2. Refers to the genetic makeup of an organism; in other words, it
describes an organism's complete set of genes. 
• A.Heredity C.Allele
• B.Genotype D.Phenotype
3. The passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one
generation to another.
• A.Heredity C.Allele
• B.Punnet Square D.Phenotype
4. Most important, powerful, or influential trait.
• A.Dominant C.Recessive
• B.Punnet Square D.Phenotype
 5. The visible or observable expression of the results of genes, combined
with the environmental influence on an organism’s appearance or behavior.
• A.Heredity C.Allele
• B.Genotype D.Phenotype

Assignment Secure a family picture. Try to observe the characteristics of your (students)
parents, siblings and yourself. Fill in the table below (Add more column if
there are more siblings).
 
 
TRAITS FATHER MOTHER YOU  
Eye Color        
Height        
Hair        
Hair Color        
Facial        
features
•
• Research/watch videos about Monohybrid and dihybrid cross. In a ½
sheet of paper write their similarities and differences.Cite atleast
example of each.
(ICT was being integrated in this lesson because students were going
to research/watch videos about monohybrid and dihybrid)

Remarks
Integration Math , ICT are being integrated in the lesson.