CIRCULAR MOTION

Q.6 For a particle in a uniform circular motion, the acceleration a at a point P (R, )n the
circle of radius R is (here  is measured form the y-axis)
v2 ˆ v2 ˆ v2 v2
(A) i j (B)  Cos ˆi  Sin ˆj
R R R R
v2 v2 v2 v2
(C)  sin  ˆi  cos  ˆj (D)  sin ˆi  cos  ˆj
R R R R
Ans. (C)
Sol.
y

P
 v3
R
x

Q.2 A hollow vertical cylinder of radius R and height h has a smooth internal surface. A small
particle is held in contact with the inner side of the upper rim at a point P. It is given a
horizontal speed v0 tangential to the rim. It leaves the lower rim at point Q, vertically
below P. The number of revolutions made by the particle will be [Take acceleration due
to gravity g]
h v0 h v0 2h v 0  2gh
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2R h 2g 2R g g 2R
Ans. [C]
Sol. A hollow vertical
1 2
h gt
2
n(2R) = v0t
v 0 2h
n
2R g

Q.1 A stone hanging from a massless string of length 15 m is projected horizontally with
speed 12 m s–1. The speed of the particle, at the point where the tension in the string is
equal to the weight of the particle, is close to
(A) 10 m s–1 (B) 7 m s–1 (C) 12 m s–1 (D) 5m s–1
Ans. [B]

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Sol. u = 12 m s–1

mv 2
T  mgcos  
l
As, T = mg we get
mv 2
mg(1  cos ) 
l
Also we know that
1 1
mv 2  mu2  mgl(1  cos )
2 2
1 1
mv 2  mu2  mv 2
2 2
u 12
v    6.98 m s1  7 ms1
3 3

10. A car is moving along the circle x2 + y2 = a2 in the anti-clockwise direction with a constant
speed. The x – y plane is a rough horizontal stationary surface. When the car is at the
point (a cos, a sin), the unit vector in the direction of the friction force acting on the car
is [Circular motion]
(A) cos  i  sin  j (B) cos  i – sin  j

(C) – cos  i – sin  j (D) – cos  i  sin  j

Ans. (C)
Sol.



The direction of the friction force should be towards the centre of the circle which is

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–r  – cos  i – sin  j

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Q.2 A point moves in the x – y plane according to x = Asint and y = A (1– cost) where A
and .are) positive constants. The distance traversed by the point during the time  is

[Circular Motion]

A2 A
(A) (B) A2t (C) AT (D)
 

Ans. (C)

Sol. Distance travelled by point in time t is :


S   V dt
0

V  Vx2  Vy2

dx dy
where, Vx   A cos t and Vy   A sin t
dt dt


S   Adt  A
0

24. A stone of mass 1.3 kg is being rotated in a horizontal plane as a conical pendulum with
the help of a 140 cm long aluminium wire of cross-sectional area 1 mm2. The wire makes
an angle  = 75° with the vertical. What is the increment in the length (in mm) of the
wire? [Young’s modulus of aluminium YAl = 7× 1010 Nm–2, sin 75° 0.97, cos 75°  0.26,
g = 10 ms–2] [Circular Motion]
Ans. 01.00

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Sol. The figure below shows the stone being rotated as a conical pendulum such that the wire
makes an angle of 75° with the vertical. Let us assume that the radius OA of the circle is
equal https://t.me/shantanusinghjeephysics
S
75° L=1m
Tcos75°
T
75°
r
O A
Tsin75°

Mg
For vertical equilibrium of the stone
T cos 75° = Mg
Mg
T
cos 75
The elongation in the wire is
TL MgL
L  
AY AY cos75
1.3  10  1.4
   L  6
 10 3 m  1 mm
10  7  1010  0.26

Q.2 A point moves in the x – y plane according to x = Asint and y = A (1– cost) where A
and .are) positive constants. The distance traversed by the point during the time  is

[Circular Motion]

A2 A
(A) (B) A2t (C) AT (D)
 

Ans. (C)

Sol. Distance travelled by point in time t is :


S   V dt
0

V  Vx2  Vy2

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dx dy
where, Vx   A cos t and Vy   A sin t
dt dt


S   Adt  A
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24. A stone of mass 1.3 kg is being rotated in a horizontal plane as a conical pendulum with
the help of a 140 cm long aluminium wire of cross-sectional area 1 mm2. The wire makes
an angle  = 75° with the vertical. What is the increment in the length (in mm) of the
wire? [Young’s modulus of aluminium YAl = 7× 1010 Nm–2, sin 75° 0.97, cos 75°  0.26,
g = 10 ms–2]
[Circular Motion]
Ans. 01.00
Sol. The figure below shows the stone being rotated as a conical pendulum such that the wire
makes an angle of 75° with the vertical. Let us assume that the radius OA of the circle is
equal to r
S
75° L=1m
Tcos75°
T
75°
r
O A
Tsin75°

Mg
For vertical equilibrium of the stone
T cos 75° = Mg
Mg
T
cos 75
The elongation in the wire is
TL MgL
L  
AY AY cos75
1.3  10  1.4
   L  6
 10 3 m  1 mm
10  7  10  0.26
10

Q.13 A particle of mass m is moving in a circular path of constant radius r such that its
centripetal acceleration ac is varying with time t as ac = k2 rt2, where k is a constant. The
power delivered to the particle by the force acting on it is [Circular]

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(mk 4r 2 t 5 )
(A) 2 mk2 r2 (*B) mk2 r2t (C) (D) Zero
3
Ans. (B)
Sol. ac = k2 rt2
v2
or = k2 rt2
r
or v = krt
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dv
Therefore, tangential acceleration, a t = = kr
dt
or Tangential force, Ft = mat = mkr
Only tangential force does work.
Power = Ft v = (mkr) (krt)
Or Power = mk2r2t

Q.5 When a ceiling fan is switched off, its angular velocity reduces to 50% of its initial value
while it makes 36 rotations. If angular retardation of the fan is uniform, then how many
more rotations will it make before coming to rest ? [Circular Motion]
(A) 18 (B*) 12 (C) 36 (D) 48
Ans. (B)
2
 0  3 2
 2   0  21  21  4 0 ……(i)
2
Sol.
 
2
  2
0   0   22  22  0 …………(ii)
 2  4
1
From (i) and (ii) =3
2
1 36
 2 =   12 rotation.
3 3

10. A small block of mass m is released from rest from point A inside a smooth hemisphere
bowl of radius R, which is fixed on ground such that OA is horizontal. The ratio (x) of
magnitude of centripetal force and normal reaction on the block at any point B varies
with as : [Circular motion (M)]

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A O
 R
N
B

mg v
mg sin
x x x x

(A*)  (B)  (C)  (D) 

Ans. (A)
mv 2
Exp. = N – mgsin
R
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mv2
N=  mgsin 
R
A O
 R

By energy conservation
1
mgR sin = mv 2
2
mv 2
= 2mgsin
R
  N = 3mg sin
mv 2 2
  Ratio =   cons tan t 
RN 3
2
x=
3

1. A road is banked at an angle of 30º to the horizontal for negotiating a curve of radius
10m. At what velocity will a car experience no friction while negotiating the curve? Take
g = 10 ms–2 [Circular]
(A) 54 km/hr (B) 72 km/hr (*C) 36 km/hr (D) 18 km/hr
v2
Sol. For negotiating curve without friction tan =
rg
V = rg tan 
= 10 m/s

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= 36 km/hr

7. A chain of mass m forming a circle of radius R is slipped on a smooth round cone with
half-angle . Find the tension in the chain if it rotates with a constant angular velocity 
about a vertical axis coinciding with the symmetry axis of the cone.
[Circular Motion]
m m
(*A) (R2 + g cot) (B) (R2 – g cot)
2 2
m m
2
(C) (R + g cot) (D) (R – g cot )
 2
Sol. Every element of chain moves on a circular path. So, every element of the chain
experiences centripetal force. We consider a small element m on the chain making
angle  at the centre.

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  Nsin 

T N

N cos 

2Tsin  T mg
2

T cos    T cos 
2 2   2 2
2 2

T T

2T sin 
2
N sin = mg .......(1)
Net force towards centre is

2T sin – N cos = mR2
2

N cos = 2T sin – mR w2 .......(2)
2
From equation (1) and (2) we get

2Tsin – mR 2
cos = 2
mg
But  is very small

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 
 sin 
2 2
T – mR 2
 cot =
mg
Here m makes an angle  at the centre. The total mass of chain is m.
 The mass of chain per unit angle is
m
=
2
m m
 m =  =  =
2 2
 m  2
T –   R
 cot =  2 
m 
   g
 2  
m
 T = (R2 + g cot)
2
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21. A point P moves in a counter-clockwise direction on a circular path as shown in the
figure. The movement of P is such that it sweeps out a length s = t 3 + 5 where s is in
metre and t is in second. The radius of the path is 27 m. The acceleration of P when t =
3 s is –––– m/s2. (Take 3 = 3.6) [Circular Motion]
y
B
P(x,y)

27 m

x
O A
Ans. (32.40)
Exp. As s = t3 + 5
ds
 3t 2  
dt
d
 a t   6t
dt
a  a c2  a 2t
At t = 3s
2 2
 v2   9t 4 
   6t  =  27   324  1053  9 13
2
a     a 2t  
2

R  R 
 a = 32.4 m/s2
Q.6 The angular velocity of particle is   4iˆ  ˆj – 2kˆ about the origin. If the position vector

of the particle is 2iˆ  3ˆj – 3k,

ˆ then its linear velocity is [Circular motion]

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(A) 5iˆ  8ˆj – 14kˆ
(B) 3iˆ  8ˆj  10kˆ
(C) 8iˆ  3ˆj – 10kˆ
(D) –8iˆ  3ˆj – 2kˆ
Ans. [B]
Sol. v   r
 3iˆ  8ˆj  10kˆ

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