GAGANYAA

MISSIO N
By
Skalzang Dawa
&
Sonam Wangdus
What is
Gaganyaan?
• Gaganyaan is an Indian crewed orbital
spacecraft which is being designed to
carry 3 people.

• It orbit the Earth at 400km altitude( Low

Earth Orbit ) for up to seven days.

• Its launching mass was 8,200 kg.

• It must achieve 11km per second speed to

get out of earth gravity.
HISTORY

• Started in 2006 under the generic name “ Orbital Vehicle ”.

• The plan was to design a simple capsule with an endurance of about a
week in space.
• The design was finalized in 2008 and was submitted to government
of India for funding.
• The funding was sanctioned in February 2009, but it fell short due
to limited developmental funding.
• April 2012 it was reported that funding problems placed the future
of the project in serious doubt and in August 2013 it was announced
that all crewed spaceflight efforts by India had been designated as
being "off ISRO's priority list".
Procedure to launch a
spacecraft
• We launch things into space by putting
them on rockets with enough fuel to boost
them above most of earth atmosphere.
• Once a rocket reaches the right distance
from earth, it release the satellite or
spacecraft.
• A rocket needs at least 17800 miles per
hour speed in order to escape from earth
gravity.
Principle
• Third law of Isaac Newton says
that for every action there is equal
and opposite reaction.
• The spacecraft stays in orbit because
it still has momentum.

• Spacecraft that orbit close to earth feel a stronger earth’s gravity

and to stay in orbit it should move faster then other craft or
satellites.
Launching of
gaganyaan
The Rocket - GSLV Mklll

• One of the most important requirements is the

development of a launch vehicle that can carry
heavy payloads into space.

• GSLV Mk III is designed to carry 4-ton class of

satellites into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit
(GTO) or about 10 tons to Low Earth Orbit (LEO),
which is about twice the capability of GSLV Mk II.
The capsule

• Gaganyaan consist of a service module

and a crew module collectively known
as the orbital capsule.

• Manufacture: DRDO

• Operator: ISRO

• Dimension: diameter: 3.5m(11ft)

Height: 3.58(11.7ft)
 Space Suit:
ISRO had displayed the Gaganyaan crew
model and orange space suits at the
Bengaluru Space Expo (BSX-2018) in
September 2018. The space suits were
designed at the Vikram Sarabhai Space
Centre, Thiruvananthapuram.
 Re-entry and
recovery
• Any human space flight, however, has to come back
safely to Earth.

• a heat shield that can withstand the temperature of

thousands of degrees needs to be developed.

• After re-entry, the capsule should land at a designated

spot in the sea from where Navy or Coast Guard would
bring it back to the mainland.

• Re-entry of the human spaceflight into Earth's

atmosphere is a very complex technology.
 • Crew Module Atmospheric Re-entry Experiment (CARE)
was an experimental test vehicle for Gaganyaan.

• The crew module was recover by the Indian coast guard

from the Bay of Bengal about 600 km from port Blair in
the Andaman Island and about 1600 km from the
Sriharikota launch site.
CARE • It was launched by GSLV Mk III on 18 December 2014 to
an altitude of 126 km from the Second Launch Pad of the
Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota.

• The crew module was recovered by the Indian Coast Guard

from the Bay of Bengal about 600 km from Port Blair in
the Andaman Islands and about 1600 km from the
Sriharikota launch site.
 Challenges for
gaganyaan astronauts
• Environmental Hazards
• Microgravity
• Pressure
• Radiation Exposure
• Isolation
• Sensory Systems
• Physiological and Metabolic
Requirements
• Life Support System
• Artificial Atmosphere
Astronaut Training
• The Indian astronauts will be addressed as "Vyomanauts".

• ISRO's Human Space Flight Centre and Glavcosmos, which is a

subsidiary of the Russian state corporation Roscosmos, signed an
agreement on 1 July 2019 for cooperation in the selection,
support, medical examination and space training of Indian
astronauts.

• An ISRO Technical Liaison Unit (ITLU) is setup in Moscow to

facilitate the development of some key technologies and
establishment of special facilities which are essential to support
life in space.

• ISRO has signed an MoU with the Indian Air Force (IAF) for
crew management activities
Vyommitra
• Is a female looking humanoid robot
developed by ISRO to function on
board the gaganyaan.

• It was first unveiled on 22 January

2020 at Human Spaceflight in
Bengaluru.

• It simulate human functions before

real astronauts take off.
Why manned space mission for India?

Boost to Technological
Employment
Industries Development

Spurs
Research and Motivation Prestige
Development