S21 - Transformer Pole Mounted Transformers - Reviewed

TANZANIA ELECTRIC SUPPLY COMPANY LIMITED
‘We Light Up Your Life”
SPECIFICATION S21
DISTRIBUTION POLE MOUNTED TRANSFRORMERS
SEPTEMBER, 2011
TANZANIA ELECTRIC SUPPLY COMPANY LIMITED
Umeme Park, Morogoro Road - Ubungo,

P.O. Box 9024, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Telephone: +255-22-2451130/41; 2451149; 2451133
Facsimile: +255-22-2451149; 2451133
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART 1: GENERAL
1. SCOPE...........................................................................................S21-1
2. STANDARDS................................................................................S21-1
3. SERVICE CONDITIONS..............................................................S21-3
4. SYSTEM CONDITIONS...............................................................S21-4
5. INSPECTION, TESTING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE..........S21-5
5.1 Inspection.......................................................................................S21-5
5.2 Testing............................................................................................S21-6
5.3 Quality Assurance..........................................................................S21-7
6. SPARE PARTS..............................................................................S21-7
7. PACKING AND SHIPPING..........................................................S21-7
7.1 Packing...........................................................................................S21-7
7.2 Shipping.........................................................................................S21-9
7.3 Hazardous Substances....................................................................S21-9
8. SUBMITTALS.............................................................................S21-10
8.1 Submittals required with the Bid...................................................S21-10

8.2 Submittals required after Contract Award.....................................S21-11
PART 2: TECHNICAL
9. GENERAL...................................................................................S21-12
10. VOLTAGE AND POWER RATINGS.........................................S21-12
11. TRANSFORMER OVERLOAD..................................................S21-14
12. VOLTAGE RATIO AND TAPPING RANGE.............................S21-14
13. IMPEDANCE...............................................................................S21-15
ii
14. SHORT CIRCUIT RATINGS......................................................S21-15
15. VECTOR GROUP.......................................................................S21-15
16. TRANSFORMER LOSSES.........................................................S21-15
17. FLUX DENSITY.........................................................................S21-16
18. INSULATION LEVELS..............................................................S21-16
19. NOISE LEVEL.............................................................................S21-16
20. RADIO INFLUENCE VOLTAGE...............................................S21-17
21. TAP CHANGING CHARACTERISTICS...................................S21-17
22. WINDING....................................................................................S21-17
23. BUSHINGS AND TERMINALS.................................................S21-18
23.1 Performance of HV Bushings.......................................................S21-18

23.2 Creepage Distance........................................................................S21-18
23.3 External Flashover........................................................................S21-18
23.4 Bushing Labels.............................................................................S21-19
23.5 Terminals and Connections..........................................................S21-19
24. TANK FABRICATION...............................................................S21-21

25. SURFACE TREATMENT...........................................................S21-22
26. TANK FITTINGS AND ATTACHMENTS.................................S21-23
26.1 General.........................................................................................S21-23
26.2 Earthing Terminal.........................................................................S21-25
26.3 Lifting Hooks...............................................................................S21-25
26.4 Large Identification Markings.......................................................S21-25
26.5 Pressure Relief Device..................................................................S21-25
26.6 Oil Level Gauge...........................................................................S21-25
27. TRANSFORMER OIL.................................................................S21-26
28. RATING AND CONNECTION PLATE......................................S21-26
29. TESTS..........................................................................................S21-27
iii
29.1 Routine Tests................................................................................S21-27
29.2 Type Tests....................................................................................S21-28
29.3 Galvanising Tests.........................................................................S21-28
30. SCHEDULES...............................................................................S21-31
30.1 Technical Data Schedule..............................................................S21-31

30.2 Non Compliance Schedule...........................................................S21-38
30.3 Test Certificates Schedule.............................................................S21-39
PART 3: INSTALLATION
31. INSTALLATION.........................................................................S21-40
TABLES
Table 1: Transformer Ratings......................................................S21-13

Table 2: Transformer Overload...................................................S21-14
Table 3: Transformer Insulation Level........................................S21-16
Table 4: Transformer Noise Level...............................................S21-17
Table 5: Percentage Retention of Bursting Strength....................S21-18
Table 6: Transformer Terminal Labelling....................................S21-19
Table 7: Transformer LV Connections........................................S21-20
Table 8: Transformer Fittings and Attachments..........................S21-24
Table 9: Transformer Type Tests................................................S21-28
Last page......................................................................................S21-40
iv
Specification S21 - Distribution Pole Mounted Transformers
PART 1: GENERAL
1. SCOPE
This specification covers the design, manufacture, testing, supply, delivery and
performance requirements of 33/0.4/0.23 kV and 11/0.4/0.23 kV pole mounted
distribution transformers for use in the networks of the Tanzania Electric Supply
Company Limited.
Any departure from the provisions of this specification shall be disclosed at the time
of tendering in the Non compliance schedule, in part 2 of this document.
2. STANDARDS
The transformers shall comply with the latest editions of, and amendments to, the
international standards listed below. Where any provision of this specification differs
from those of the standards listed below, the provisions of this specification shall
apply:
ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials:
 D 202: Methods of sampling and testing untreated paper used for electrical
insulation.
BSI - British Standards Institution:
 BS 729: Specification for hot dip galvanized coatings on iron and steel
articles.
DIN - Deutsche Industrie Normen
 DIN 6 796: Conic spring washers.
 DIN 17 222: Cold rolled steel strips for springs; technical conditions of
delivery.
European Union Commission
S21-1
 SI 426: European Communities (dangerous substances) (classification,

packaging, labelling and notification) regulation, 1992.
IEC- International Electrotechnical Commission:
 IEC 76: Power Transformers.
 IEC 137: Bushings for alternating voltages above 1,000 V.
 IEC 296: Specification for unused mineral insulating oil for transformers and
switchgear.
 IEC 354: Loading guide for oil immersed power transformers.
 IEC 437: Radio interference test on high-voltage insulators.
 IEC 507: Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage insulators to be used on a.c.

systems.
 IEC 551: Determination of transformer and reactor sound levels.
ISO- International Organisation for Standardisation:
 ISO 1460: Metallic coatings - Hot dip galvanised coatings on ferrous

materials. Gravimetric determination of the mass per unit area.
 ISO 2178: Non magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates - Measurement of

coating thickness - Magnetic method.
 ISO 9000: Quality management and quality assurance standards - Guidelines
for selection and use.
 ISO 14000: Environmental management
Associated specifications:
 S01: General technical requirements of 33kV, 11kV and LV networks.
 S11: Wood poles

 S11A: Concrete poles
 S11B: Steel poles
 S13: Crossarms and associated steelwork.

S21-2
 S15: Line fittings.
 S16: Bare and PVC covered conductors.
 S35: Bolts, nuts and washers.
 S54: 33kV/11kV/LV distribution power cables.
 S55: Power cable joints and terminations.
The bidder may propose alternative standards, provided it is demonstrated that they
give a degree of quality and performance equivalent to that of the referenced
standards. Acceptability of any alternative standard is at the discretion of
TANESCO. Therefore, the bidder must quote for the main standard.
3. SERVICE CONDITIONS
The service conditions shall be as follows:
 Altitude (above sea level) 1,600m
 Maximum outdoor temperature 40°C
 Minimum outdoor temperature 10°C
 Maximum monthly mean temperature 35°C
 Annual mean temperature 25°C
 Maximum relative humidity 60% to 96%
 Isokeraunic level tropical
 Maximum wind velocity 58km/h
 Prevailing wind direction SE and NW
 Type of atmosphere coastal
S21-3
Environmentally, the region where the transformers will be installed is a coastal

area, subject to an overall medium relative humidity, which can give rise to
condensation. Onshore winds are frequently salted laden. On occasions, the
combination of salt and condensation may create pollution conditions for outdoor
insulators.
Therefore, outdoor materials and equipment shall be designed and protected for use
in exposed, polluted, salty, corrosive and humid coastal atmosphere.
Indoor material and equipment shall be designed and protected for use in buildings,
which occasionally may be wet and damp.
4. SYSTEM CONDITIONS
The transformers shall be suitable for installation in supply systems of the following
characteristics:
 Frequency 50Hz
 Nominal system voltages 33kV

11kV
400/230V
 Maximum system voltages: 33kV 36kV

11kV 12kV
 Maximum LV voltage 440/253V
 Minimum LV voltage 374/215V
 Nominal short circuit levels (3s): 33kV......25kA

11kV......25kA
LV ….. 7.5kA
 Insulation levels:
1.2/50ms impulse
(Positive and negative polarity): 33kV 170kV
11kV 75kV
LV 12kV
Power frequency
(One minute withstand, wet): 33kV 70kV
11kV 28kV
S21-4
LV 3kV
 Neutral earthing arrangements:

33kV effectively earthed
11kV effectively earthed
LV effectively earthed
 Creepage distance 30mm/kV

(of maximum system voltage)
5. INSPECTION, TESTING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
5.1 Inspection
The supplier/manufacturer shall submit a detailed programme covering the design,

manufacture and testing of the equipment within one month of receipt of the contract
award.
The supplier shall subsequently submit reports at intervals, outlining progress and, if
necessary, explaining deviations from the program.
TANESCO representatives shall have free entry at all times, while work on the
contract is being performed, to all parts of the manufacturer's works which concern
the processing of the equipment ordered. The manufacturer shall afford the
TANESCO representative, without charge, all reasonable facilities to satisfy
himself or herself that the equipment being furnished is in accordance with this
specification.
Transformers will be inspected during delivery, and TANESCO reserves the right to
reject ALL or PART of the delivered transformers if they will be found that they do
not comply with this specification.
5.2 Testing
The equipment shall successfully pass all the type tests and routine tests referred to
in part 2 and those listed in the most recent edition of the standards given in clause 2
of this specification.
S21-5
TANESCO’s representatives reserve the right to reject an item of equipment if the

test results do not comply with the values specified or with the data given in the
technical data schedule.
Type tests shall be carried out at an independent testing laboratory or be witnessed

by a representative of such laboratory or some other representative acceptable to
TANESCO. Routine tests shall be carried out at the manufacturer's works.
Type tests may be dispensed with at the TANESCO's discretion if the manufacturer
furnishes evidence to the TANESCO’s satisfaction that the relevant tests have
already been performed on identical equipment. In this case test certificates shall be
submitted with the bid for evaluation.
TANESCO shall have the tests witnessed by a representative. In order to facilitate
this, the supplier/manufacturer shall give TANESCO a minimum of four weeks
notice that the equipment is ready for testing. If TANESCO does not indicate her
intention to participate in the testing, the manufacturer shall carry out the tests and
shall furnish the results thereof to TANESCO.
Full details of the proposed methods of testing, including connection diagrams, shall
be submitted to TANESCO by the supplier/manufacturer for approval, at least one
month before testing.
All costs in connection with the testing shall be borne by the manufacturer who shall
provide TANESCO’s representatives with all the test facilities which the latter may
require, free of charge. TANESCO’s representative shall have the right to select the
samples if he or she so desires and shall also have the right to satisfy himself or
herself that the testing apparatus is correct.
The supplier/manufacturer shall submit to TANESCO’s representatives, five signed

copies of the test certificates, giving the results of the tests as required. No
materials shall be dispatched until TANESCO has received the test certificates and
the supplier/manufacture has been informed that they are acceptable.
The test certificates must show the actual values obtained from the tests, in the units
used in this specification, and not merely confirm that the requirements have been
met.
TANESCO shall have the equipment inspected after reception and TANESCO’s
representative shall have the right to select the samples if desired. The contractor
shall cooperate with this inspection and shall provide TANESCO’s representative,
free of charge, all the facilities which the latter may require.
S21-6
In the case of components for which specific type tests or routine tests are not called
for in part 2 or in the quoted standards in clause 2 of this specification, TANESCO’s
representative shall include a list of all tests he or she proposes the manufacturer to
carry out.
5.3 Quality Assurance
The supplier shall provide current certification showing the manufacturer's

compliance with ISO 9000 or equivalent national standard.
6. SPARE PARTS
The bidder shall propose a comprehensive list of all consumable and non-
consumable spare parts and accessories necessary for five years of normal operation
as specified by the manufacturer.
The bidder shall give an assurance that spare parts, should they be required, will
continue to be available through the life of the equipment.
The spare parts, if any, shall be clearly identified and related to the specific
equipment item. Spare parts, if required, shall be delivered suitably packed and
treated for long periods in storage. Each pack shall be clearly and indelibly marked
with its contents, including a designation number corresponding to the spare parts
list in the operation and maintenance instructions.
7. PACKING AND SHIPPING
7.1 Packing
ll equipment, including accessories, shall be packed and securely clamped against

movement in robust, wooden, non returnable packing cases to ensure safe transit
from the manufacturer's works to TANESCO’s designated stores.
The packing shall provide suitable protection against all climatic conditions
prevailing during transport and on site.
Equipment or material liable to deterioration by sea water, moisture, or ingress of

foreign matter shall be totally sealed in strong polythene bags.
All accessories shall be carefully packed so that they are fully protected during
transport and handling operations and in storage.
S21-7
Where applicable, internal surfaces of loose accessories shall be sealed off by means
of gaskets and blanking off plates. Equipment and surfaces liable to deterioration
due to condensation shall be protected by packs of silica gel or other approved
desiccant.
The transformer shall be supplied full of oil. The weight and volume of oil in the
transformer shall be clearly stated.
All accessories shall be carefully packed so that they are fully protected during
transport and handling operations and in storage.
Internal surfaces of loose accessories shall be sealed off by means of gaskets and
blanking off plates. Equipment and surfaces liable to deterioration due to
condensation shall be protected by packs of silica gel or other approved desiccant.
Each packing case shall be indelibly marked, in two adjacent sides and on the top,
with the following:
 individual serial number;

 client's name, that is: Tanzania Electric Supply Company Ltd.,
 contract number;
 name and address of manufacturer's agent in Tanzania;
 manufacturer's name;
 description of contents;
 country of origin;
 case measurements;
 gross and net weights in kilograms; and
 all necessary slinging and stacking instructions.
Each case shall contain a fully detailed packing list in a sealed waterproof envelope.
Five copies of each packing list shall be sent to TANESCO prior to dispatching the
equipment.
7.2 Shipping
The supplier shall be responsible for the shipping of all plant and equipment
supplied from abroad to the ports of entry and for the transport of all goods to
TANESCO designated Stores and for all the costs and expenses resulting from it in
accordance with INCOTERM specified.
S21-8
All transport accessories, such as riding lugs, jacking pads, blanking off plates, etc.
shall become the property of TANESCO.
All items of equipment shall be securely clamped against movement to ensure safe
transit from the manufacturer's facilities to the work sites. All accessories shall be
carefully packed so that they are fully protected during transport and handling
operations and while in storage.
The supplier shall advise, if requested, the storage required for any plant and
equipment that may be delivered to the TANESCO designated stores. The supplier
shall be required to accept responsibility for the advice given, in so far as these
arrangements may have a bearing on the behaviour of the equipment in subsequent
service.
7.3 Hazardous Substances
The supplier shall submit safety data sheets for all substances used with the
equipment. These substances shall be classified in accordance with the European
Union SI 426: European Communities (dangerous substances) (classification,
packaging, labelling and notification) regulation, 1992, or any subsequent
amendment.
The supplier shall give an assurance that there are no other substances classified as
hazardous in the equipment supplied. The supplier shall accept responsibility for the
disposal of such hazardous substances, should any be found.
The supplier shall also be responsible for any injury resulting from hazardous
substances.
Transformer oil shall be free of PolyChlorinated Byphenyls (PCB).

8. SUBMITTALS
In addition to the tender documentation, some technical documentation is required as

set out in clauses 8.1 and 8.2 below:
8.1 Submittals required with the Bid
The following shall be required:
 Completed technical data schedule;

 Original descriptive literature giving full technical details of equipment
offered;
S21-9
 Guarantee period of the products;

 Outline dimension drawing for each major component, general
arrangement drawing showing component layout and general schematic
diagrams;
 general drawing showing the transformer mounting arrangement in a
single pole and a double pole line;
 drawing showing the necessary hardware arrangement to make it possible
to take up to four LV circuits from the terminals of one transformer while
maintaining the necessary current and short circuit ratings of the
installation.
 Calculations demonstrating that the required transformer overload
capabilities are met both in terms of percentage overload and duration and
disregarding the effect of winding thermal capacity;
 Evidence demonstrating that the transformer tank is capable of
withstanding an unlimited number of 24 hours cyclic variations of internal
pressure from atmospheric to 100kN/sq m;
 Detailed specification of transformer oil;
 Statement setting out the anticorrosion protection method to be used on
the transformer tank. Details of special finish applied to the transformer
tank, if any, and field experience;
 Safety data sheets for all substances used with the equipment;
 Certified original type test certificates and sample routine test reports
with an address of the Independent laboratory that undertook the type test.
Uncertified reports shall be rejected henceforth and the bid will be non
responsive.Type test certificates must include short circuit test. For the
1.2/50s impulse type test, copies of the oscillograms shall be included;
 Detailed reference list of customers (including names, address, telephone,
e-mail address) already using equipment offered with particular emphasis
on units of similar design and rating;
 Details of manufacturer's quality assurance standards and programme; and
 Deviations from this specification. Only deviations approved in writing
before award of contract shall be accepted.
8.2 Submittals required by the TANESCO after contract award and

during delivery inspection:
The following shall be required:
 programme for production and testing;

 detailed assembly instructions within each packing case for each transformer
accessory;
S21-10
 a training video illustrating installation, operation and maintenance of the

transformers; and
 Two bound folders and two electronic copies preferably Compact Discs
(CDs) with records of the technical particulars relating to the equipment. Each
shall contain the following information:
o general description of the equipment and all components, including
brochures;
o technical data schedule, with approved revisions;
o detailed dimension drawing for all components, general arrangement
drawing showing detailed component layout and detailed schematic
and wiring drawings for all components;
o detailed drawing of the transformer mounting platform;
o statement drawing attention to all exposed points in the equipment at
which aluminium or aluminium alloy parts are in contact with or in
close proximity to other metals and stating clearly what protection is
employed at each point to exclude air and moisture;
o inspection and test reports carried out in the manufacturer's works;
o detailed installation and commissioning instructions; and
o operation and maintenance instructions, as well as trouble shooting
charts.
PART 2: TECHNICAL
9. GENERAL
This specification covers the design, manufacture, testing, supply, delivery and
performance requirements of 50Hz, oil immersed, ONAN cooling, outdoor, pole
mounted, distribution transformers of the voltage and power ratings specified in
Table 1.
These distribution transformers are required to step down from medium to low
voltage, in order to supply a mixed lighting, air conditioning and electromotive
power loads. The pole mounted transformers are connected to the overhead lines
described in specification S01: General technical requirements of 33kV, 11kV and
LV networks. They shall be suitable for operation in outdoor exposed locations.
The pole-mounted transformers shall have separate HV and LV windings. The

design of the tank, fittings, bushings, etc. shall be such that it will not be necessary
S21-11
to keep the transformer energized to prevent deterioration as the transformers may

be held in reserve, outdoors, for many years.
All transformers shall be guaranteed in writing, against all defects arising from
faults in design, material and workmanship. The guarantee period shall not be less
than twelve (12) months from commissioning date or eighteen (18) months from
the delivery date. This period shall be extended to five (5) years to cover all
defects attributable to inadequate corrosion protection.
The manufacturer/supplier shall rectify all defects notified within the above
periods entirely at their own expenses. If a faulty transformer has to be returned to
factory for repair under the above guarantee clause, the manufacturer/supplier
shall cover the cost of transport from site to the factory and back again to site.
Should any design fault become apparent to TANESCO after the expiry of the
above guarantee periods, the manufacturer in collaboration with his local agent
shall deliver components necessary to correct the fault, together with any
necessary instructions and specialist assistance, free of charge.
10. VOLTAGE AND POWER RATINGS
The Pole mounted transformers required by the Tanzania Electric Supply

Company Limited (TANESCO) are:
Phases Primary Voltage Secondary Nominal Power

Voltage
1-ph 33kV 230V 5kVA
10kVA
15kVA
25kVA
1-ph 11kV 230V 5kVA
10kVA
15kVA
25kVA
3-ph 33kV 400V 25kVA
50kVA
100kVA
200kVA
S21-12
315kVA
500kVA
3-ph 11kV 400V 25kVA
50kVA
100kVA
200kVA
315kVA
500kVA
Table 1: Transformer Ratings
Note: The single-phase transformers existing on the distribution network

of TANESCO are such that the primary windings of the single
distribution transformers are connected phase to phase.
The transformer shall be capable of supplying a load equal to its kVA rating, under
the following conditions:
 the rated secondary voltage shall be held constant by increasing the primary
voltage to allow for regulation;
 constant flux regulation;
 continuous steady load;
 continuous ambient temperature of 35 °C;
 55 °C average winding temperature rise and 50 °C top oil temperature rise;
and
 maximum winding hot spot temperature of 98 °C.
11. TRANSFORMER OVERLOAD
The transformer shall be capable of operating in accordance with the loading

guidelines of IEC 354 without exceeding the normal daily use of life.
After thermal equilibrium has been reached at 75 % of rated load, the transformer
shall be capable of sustaining the overload conditions listed in Table 2 without the
transformer winding hot spot temperature exceeding 140 °C.
Load Ambient Temp. 30°C Ambient Temp. 40°C

(% of Rating) Minimum Duration Minimum Duration
(min.) (min.)
S21-13
133 240 155

150 98 65
Table 2: Transformer Overload Capability
The bidder shall submit calculations demonstrating that these requirements are met.
These calculations shall disregard the effect of winding thermal capacity.
12. VOLTAGE RATIO AND TAPPING RANGE
Tolerance on the voltage ratio shall be  0.5 % as specified in IEC 76.
For all transformers, a 5 position external tap changer shall be provided on the HV
winding in the form of an off circuit switch.
Tappings shall have a no load, primary voltage variation of transformation ratio in

equal steps of  2.5 % per step. The bidder shall state in the technical schedule the
percentage regulation at full load, power factor 1 and at full load, power factor 0.85.
The values given shall be based on a winding temperature of 75 °C.
13. IMPEDANCE
The guaranteed value of impedance measured at 75°C and center tap (subject to a
tolerance of  10 %, as specified in IEC 76) shall be 4.0 % for all units. The
resistance component of impedance measured at 75°C and in the center tap shall not
exceed 1 % for all kVA ratings.
14. SHORT CIRCUIT RATINGS
The transformer shall be capable of withstanding the thermal and dynamic effects of
short circuits, as specified in IEC 76-5: Ability to withstand short circuits.
The short circuit characteristics shall be as follows:

 the short circuit current shall be 25 times the full load current for all units;
 the X/R ratio shall conform to IEC 76-5;
 the short circuit duration shall be 2 seconds;
 the initial winding hot spot temperature shall be 98 °C; and
S21-14
 the final winding hot spot temperature shall be 250 °C for copper or 200 °C
for aluminium.
 The short circuit characteristics listed above give rise to maximum current
densities of:
 copper: 3.8 A/sq.mm
 aluminium: 2.2 A/sq.mm
If short circuit tests have been carried out on the particular design of transformer
offered, the test results shall be supplied with the bid.
15. VECTOR GROUP
The three phase transformers shall be connected delta-star, in accordance with

vector group reference Dyn11 of IEC 76.
The LV neutral shall be brought out and fully rated in all cases.
16. TRANSFORMER LOSSES
The bidder shall state the guaranteed losses, and allowable tolerances, which shall
not exceed those, specified in IEC 76. If these tolerances are exceeded, the price for
the transformer, from a bid evaluation point of view, shall be increased by an
amount equal to the capitalised excess losses arising from the excess tolerances.
The transformer losses will be valued on the following basis:

 core losses US$ 10,000/kW
 winding losses US$ 4,800/kW
Losses will be capitalised in accordance with the figures above and the resulting
values will be taken into account during bid evaluation.
The bidder shall also state the value of guaranteed magnetizing current at full rated
voltage, expressed as a percentage of full load current. This value shall not exceed 3
% for single-phase transformers and shall be subject to the tolerance specified in
IEC 76.
17. FLUX DENSITY
The flux density at any point of the magnetic circuit when the transformer is
connected on the center tap and operating at normal voltage and frequency shall be
stated in IEC 76 and shall not exceed 1.65T. Saturation shall not occur at 10 %
over-voltage.
S21-15
18. INSULATION LEVELS
Bushings and terminals shall be adequate for the winding tests, and shall flash over
externally before puncture or internal failure can occur.
The following insulation levels, as defined in IEC 76-3: “Insulation levels

and dielectric tests” shall apply:
33 kV 11 kV LV
Basic Impulse Level (kV) 170 75 30
Power frequency, wet (kV) 70 28 10
Basic Impulse Level (kV) Steep-wave 250 110 45
Table 3: Transformer Insulation Level
19. NOISE LEVEL
The average noise level of the three phase transformers shall

not exceed the following values:
kVA Rating Noise Level (dB)
50 44
100 46
200 48
315 48
500 48
Table 4: Transformer Noise Level
The measurements shall be carried out in accordance with IEC 551 at a

distance of 300 mm from the envelope of the transformer.
20. RADIO INFLUENCE VOLTAGE
The maximum radio influence voltage shall be 250V, measured as specified in

IEC 437.
21. TAP CHANGING CHARACTERISTICS
Tap changing and the tap changing mechanism shall have the following
characteristics:
S21-16
 tap changing shall be carried out with the transformer off circuit;
 provision shall be made for locking of the tap switch handle by using a
padlock with 6 mm diameter hasp to be furnished by TANESCO; and
 tap change handles shall be fitted with gasketed covers, so that sealing of the
transformer under normal conditions is independent of the switch shaft gland.
22. WINDINGS
The HV winding conductor shall be copper. Aluminium foil shall not be used.
Aluminium foil may be used for the LV winding. The windings shall be uniformly
insulated and the LV neutral point shall be insulated for full voltage.
Thermally stabilized paper shall be used. The percentage retention of bursting

strength when tested, as per ASTM D 202 in oil at 150 °C shall be as follows:
Days in Oil Bursting Strength: Minimum Retention of

Original Value (%)
10 90
30 75
50 60
180 32
Table 5: Percentage Retention of Bursting Strength
23. BUSHINGS AND TERMINALS
Bushings shall be of the outdoor type and easily replaceable. Cemented in types
shall not be acceptable. They shall be brown in color. They shall be sufficiently
robust to withstand normal transport and erection hazards. Care shall be taken that
the method of fixing the bushing (for instance, the metal to porcelain contact) does
not make the bushing prone to damage by handling.
23.1 Performance of HV Bushings
The 33 kV bushings shall have a basic dry impulse withstand level of 125 kV and
the 11kV bushing 75 kV. Both shall comply in general with the requirements of
IEC 137 and IEC 507.
S21-17
23.2 Creepage Distance
The bushings surface shall be suitable for a coastal application with upper shed
angle greater than 30° and the underside angle greater than 20°. The effective
surface creepage distance of the 33 kV bushing shall be not less than 1,080 mm and
that of the 11 kV bushing not less than 360 mm.
23.3 External Flashover
Bushings shall be puncture proof and shall flashover externally before puncture or
internal insulation failure. This is to be achieved by fitting adjustable arcing horns on
the HV bushings. The spark gaps in the arcing horns shall be adjustable in the range
between 25 mm to 80 mm in 11 kV bushings and 100 mm to 250 mm in the 33 kV
bushings.
The single-phase transformers shall be of the "hook" type and shall be fitted with
internal HV bushings so that they may be connected directly to the overhead line.
23.4 Bushing Labels
The transformer bushings shall be marked or labeled as shown in Table 6, .below:
Three Phase Trafo Single Phase Trafo

HV Bushings A, B, C, A1, A2
LV Bushings a, b, c, n a1, a2
Table 6: Transformer Terminal Labeling
Marking letters shall be at least 12 mm high. The means of marking shall be either:
 engraved metal plate; or

 etched anodized aluminium.
Phase identification by adhesive stickers shall not be acceptable.
If labelling is to be carried out on the tank, it is preferred that one plate be used
rather than individual markings for each phase, in order to prevent incorrect phase
markings.
23.5 Terminals and Connections

S21-18
HV and LV terminals shall preferably be brought through the cover plate by means
of suitable outdoor bushings.
The terminals shall be of the stud type. They shall be comprised of non-ferrous
metal, suitably tinned or protected from atmospheric deterioration by some other
approved coating. The stud shall have a diameter of 10 mm, 13 mm, or 17 mm to fit
the palm lug terminals specified in S15: Line fittings. The threads shall be metric.
The HV terminals in three phase transformers shall be capable of accepting stranded

ACSR conductors of 50 sq mm, 100 sq mm or 150 sq mm section. Exceptionally,
copper conductors and conductors with a cross section smaller than 50sq mm may
be used.
The HV connections to single phase transformers will normally be made with 50 sq

mm aluminium conductors but copper conductors or aluminium conductors of a
different section may also exceptionally be used.
The LV terminals shall be capable of taking palm lugs compressed to the cores of
the following un-armoured, PVC, copper cable sizes:
Rating (kVA) Max. Number Max. Cable

of LV Circuits Size (sq.mm)
Single Phase 5 1 1 x 16*
10 1 1 x 16*
15 1 1 x 16*
25 1 2 x 35
Three Phase 25 1 4 x 35
50 2 4 x 35
100 2 4 x 70
200 3 4 x 70
315 4 4 x 70
500 4 4 x 120
* Single Core Neutral Screen Concentric Cable will be used.
Table 7: Transformer LV Connections
It will be the manufacturer's responsibility to design the hardware arrangement to

make it possible to take up to four LV circuits from the terminals of one transformer
S21-19
while maintaining the necessary current and short circuit ratings of the installation.
A drawing showing such an arrangement shall accompany the bid.
All terminal bolts shall be fitted with one nut, one locknut, one conic washer and one
matching flat washer. The spring steel conic washer is required in order to allow for
stress relaxation in the TANESCO's lug terminations. The conic washers shall
conform to DIN 6 796 or equivalent, the spring steel to DIN 17 222 and the washer
must be zinc or tin plated to avoid corrosion.
As an alternative, eye bolts will be considered for use on HV bushings and LV

bushings on single phase transformers. Eyebolts must be compatible with ACSR,
aluminium and copper conductors and shall be free of corrosion risk when used with
these conductors in a salty coastal environment. The bidder shall submit evidence to
this effect.
24. TANK FABRICATION
The transformer tank shall be of hermetically sealed construction and shall not
leak. The criterion of leakage shall be discoloration by oil of whitewash applied
externally to the suspected parts at an oil temperature of 90°C or other method
approved by TANESCO.
Furthermore, the transformer tank shall be designed so that the completed

transformer can be lifted and transported without permanent deformation or oil
leakage.
The tank shall be fabricated of mild steel or stainless steel. In any case the steel used
shall not discolour or corrode.
For three phase transformers, the minimum thickness of the steel tank shall be 3 mm
for mild steel or an equivalent thickness of stainless steel such that its mechanical
strength shall be the same as that of the 3 mm thick mild steel tank. For single phase
transformers, the minimum thickness of the steel tank shall be 2.5mm for mild steel
or 2 mm for stainless steel.
Thickness below the minimum value will be considered only in exceptional cases,
such as where special protective finishes are used. The bidder shall provide full
information about any such special finish, including any field experience.
The tank shall preferably be of sealed construction (corrugated type) and capable of
withstanding the required internal pressures, without permanent deformation, up to
S21-20
the maximum overload at maximum ambient temperature. The design shall take the
following into account:
 the internal pressure shall be one atmosphere at an internal temperature of 10

°C;
 the tank shall be designed for an internal pressure required by IEC standards
at 40 °C ambient conditions. It shall be capable of withstanding an unlimited
number of 24 hours cyclic variations of internal pressure from atmospheric to
this value. The manufacturer shall include evidence demonstrating
compliance with this requirement; and
 the manufacturer shall state the top oil temperature at which the tank internal
pressure shall reach the value of 100 kN/sq m and the value of steady load
which will result in this top oil temperature with an ambient temperature of 30
°C.
Non rigid tanks may be considered provided the design offered is such that no
permanent deformation of the tank occurs over the full range of transformer loads,
up to a maximum overload at maximum ambient temperature and that the tank will
withstand an unlimited number of load cycles. The bidder should state if the tank is
filled to the top with oil or if there will be a gas cushion above the oil level.
If a bursting disc or other emergency pressure relief device is proposed for either
type of tank, the tender shall state the value at which it is designed to operate. If such
a device is not proposed, the tender shall state the results of an overpressure leading
to tank failure.
Single phase transformer tanks shall be preferably cylindrical with rimmed mouth
and dished, rolled and welded, bottom plate. In particular, TANESCO has a clear
preference for single phase transformer tanks that do not incorporate cooling fins,
radiators or tubes. The base of three phase transformers shall be sufficiently wide to
allow stable handling with a forklift.
The transformer tank and the top cover shall be designed in such a manner as to
leave no external pockets in which water can lodge. The top cover shall be of the
bolted type and fitted with neoprene bonded cork seals suitable for temperature as
stipulated in this specification. No bolt holes shall penetrate the tank wall. Surfaces
at gasketed joints shall be such that an even face is presented to the gasket, thereby
eliminating the necessity for the gasket to take up surface irregularities. All pipes,
radiators, or corrugations, which are welded to the tank wall, shall be welded
externally.
S21-21
The width of three phase transformers shall not exceed 1,200 mm. The three phase
transformers will normally be mounted on an H frame structure with poles located
at 1,830mm centers.
25. SURFACE TREATMENT
The transformer tank and its steel attachments shall be, preferably, hot dip
galvanised, to the standards set out in BS 729, to a minimum thickness of 80 m,
followed by painting with a special weatherproof paint to a minimum thickness of
30 m. Sufficient pretreatment of the zinc surface should be carried out as necessary
in order to guarantee long life adhesion. Any small welds which may be necessary
after galvanizing shall be made good by treatment with zinc rich paint covered by a
spray, generally matching the appearance of the tank.
The inside of the tank shall be painted with approved oil resisting varnish or paint so
that the oil cannot come into contact with the tank metal at any time. The outside of
the tank shall be painted grey, colour RAL 7035. External surfaces of radiators shall
be hot dip galvanized and painted grey, colour RAL 7035 to a minimum thickness of
30 m. The RAL colour code system is that of the DNA (German Standards Board,
Frankfurt, Germany).
Where galvanizing is not practical, the transformer tank shall be shot blasted and
then immediately zinc sprayed to an average weight deposit of not less than 550 g/sq
m, followed by a zinc chromate based primary paint, and two coats of durable oil
and weather resisting paint. The finish colour shall be grey, colour RAL 7035.
Alternatively, the transformers may be offered in stainless steel. In this case, the
grade used shall not discolour or corrode in a coastal environment. As a minimum,
grade 304L is required. All external metal fittings, nuts, bolts and clamps shall also
be of an equivalent grade of stainless steel. The bidder shall state on the technical
data schedule the grade of stainless steel used for the tank and for all external fittings
as well as the grade of weldwire used. The bidder shall give evidence of test results
and field experience in a coastal environment.
26. TANK FITTINGS AND ATTACHMENTS
26.1 General
All pole mounted transformers shall be fitted with the following fittings and
attachments:
 tap changer;
S21-22
 LV bushing arrangement;
 HV bushing arrangement;
 earthing terminal;
 pressure relief device;
 lifting eyes and jacking pads;
 protecting irons;
 oil level gauge;
 mounting channels;
 Temperature gauge (thermometer) and
 cable clamps and
 rating and connection plate.
In addition, other fittings and attachments shall be provided, located in the specific
position on the transformer tank indicated in Table 8.
The front of the transformer is defined to be the side or end facing the viewer when
the HV terminals are on his or her left hand side and the LV terminals are on the
viewer's right hand side:
Fitting or Attachment Position on Tank

HV bushings and terminals Cover plate
LV bushings and terminals Cover plate
Earthing terminal Right hand tank wall
Lifting hooks Front and back wall
walls (1-ph) and cover
plate (3-ph)
Large identification markings Front tank wall or underside
Rating and connection plate Front
Tapping switch Cover plate (accessible from
front)
Table 8: Transformer Fittings and Attachments
TANESCO prefers the location of the LV bushings and tap switch as indicated in
Table 8, because experience has shown that when located on the side wall they are
subject to damage unless reliable protection for transport and handling is provided
by the manufacturer.
S21-23
Therefore, side wall mounting of the LV bushings and of the tap switch will only be
considered for single phase transformers and where robust mechanical protection
arrangements fitted at the factory are agreed with TANESCO.
26.2 Earthing Terminal

All transformers shall be provided with an earthing terminal located low down on
the right hand tank wall but accessible from the front. The earthing terminal shall
comprise an M12 ISO metric bolt and nut which shall be non-ferrous and easily
replaceable. It shall include a flat washer and a lock washer. There shall be electrical
continuity between the lid and tank.
26.3 Lifting Hooks
These shall be provided on all transformers and be so disposed as to allow the entire
transformer to be lifted without damage, particularly to bushings, using a suitable
wire rope suspended from a single central lifting device.
Two different types of lifting hooks are required: one for single phase and another
one for three phase transformers. Single phase transformer lifting hooks shall have a
minimum thickness of 5 mm and shall be located on the front and back tank walls
near the top. Three phase transformer lifting hooks shall have a minimum thickness
of 8 mm and shall be located on the cover plate.
26.4 Large Identification Markings
Transformer kVA ratings shall be clearly stenciled on the front transformer wall in
black weatherproof lettering at least 100 mm high so that it can be clearly identified
from ground level. Plastic stickers shall not be used. Transformers with fin, tubular
or radiator cooling systems shall have these markings stenciled also on the underside
of the tank.
26.5 Arc Horns
All transformers shall be fitted with arc horns.
26.6 Pressure Relief Device
S21-24
The pressure relief device shall have a flow rate of 165 litres per second at 100
kN/sq m. The relief device shall operate when internal pressure reaches a level of
40kN/sq m.
26.7 Oil Level Gauge
In three phase transformers, a standard prismatic oil level gauge shall be supplied.
27. TRANSFORMER OIL
The transformers shall be supplied filled with class 1 mineral oil conforming to
IEC 296. The oil shall not be contaminated by PolyChlorinated Byphenyls (PCB).
If an anti oxidant is recommended, its use shall be subject to the TANESCO's
approval.
28. RATING AND CONNECTION PLATE
Each transformer shall be provided with a rating plate of weatherproof material

showing the following items indelibly marked:
 type of transformer;
 standard to which it is manufactured (preferably IEC 76);
 manufacturer's name;
 transformer serial number;
 year of manufacture;
 rated frequency in Hz (50);
 rated voltages in kV;
 Number of phases;
 rated power in kVA;
 type of cooling (ONAN);
 rated currents in A;
 vector group symbol (Dyn11);
 table of primary voltages at 5 tapping positions;
 1.2/50µs impulse level in kV;
 power frequency withstand in kV;
 measured value of impedance voltage at rated current in percentage;
 continuous ambient temperature at which ratings apply in °C (35);
 top oil temperature rise at rated load in °C;
 winding connection diagram;
 volume of oil in litres;
 weight of core and windings in kg;
S21-25
 total weight in kg; and

 name of the client;(Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited).
29. TESTS
29.1 Routine Tests
Routine tests shall be carried out on all transformers, and shall be free of charge. The
tests shall be carried out in accordance with IEC 76, where applicable.
The following routine tests shall be carried out:
 measurement of winding resistance;
 voltage ratio measurement and check of polarity or vector group at all tap
positions. Bushing positions shall have permanent markings at this stage of
production;
 measurement of impedance voltage;

 measurement of load losses;
 measurement of no load losses and no load current;

 induced overvoltage withstand test: 22 kV and 66 kV for 60s on the 11 kV
and 33 kV windings respectively;
 separate source voltage withstand tests on HV and LV windings. The

following voltages shall be applied for 60s:
o at 33 kV winding: 70 kV;
o at 11 kV winding: 28 kV; and
o at LV winding: 10 kV;
 leakage test: the criterion of leakage shall be discoloration by oil of

whitewash applied externally to suspected parts at an oil temperature of 90 °C
or some other method approved by TANESCO;
 bushing routine tests: in accordance with IEC 137; and
 galvanizing tests.
S21-26
Routine test certificates shall include in addition to the test results the TANESCO's
order number, the transformer serial number, outline drawing number and its kVA
rating.
29.2 TYPE TESTS
The measurements and tests shall be carried out in accordance with the standard
specified in each case in Table 9 below:
Type Test Standard

Temperature Rise Test IEC 76
Full wave impulse voltage withstand test, IEC 76

including chopped waves
Noise level measurement IEC 551

Radio influence voltage measurement IEC 437
Winding insulation requirement ASTM D 202
Table 9: Transformer Type Tests
In accordance with IEC 76-3 the following sequence of impulses shall be applied:
 one full wave at 50 % BIL;

 one full wave at 100 % BIL;
 one chopped wave at 50 % BIL;
 two chopped waves at 115 % BIL; and
 two full waves at 100 % BIL.
The supplier/manufacturers shall submit certificates of all and such special type tests
performed on each one type and size of their transformers.
29.3 Galvanizing Tests
The following tests, measurements or inspections shall be carried out on each of the
selected samples:
 visual inspection;
 thickness of galvanizing coat; and
S21-27
 uniformity of galvanizing coat.
In the event of disagreement or dispute over the results of the above tests a coating
mass test shall be carried out, as set out below. The result of this test shall be definite
and binding.
The visual inspection shall include the following aspects:
 smoothness: there shall be no exposed spots, spikes or anything detrimental

to the stated use of the articles or to personnel handling them;
 stains: there shall be no acid spots, flux or dross stains;
 adhesion: there shall be no blisters, peeling or flaking. Normal handling must

not give rise to deterioration;
 wet storage: storage and stacking conditions shall be appropriate. Excessive

white rust will cause the consignment to be rejected; and
 threaded items: oiled nuts with uncoated female threads, cut oversize to
allow for the galvanizing coating on the standard bolt threads, shall have free
travel.
Thickness measurements shall be determined by a magnetic instrument method as

set down in ISO 2178.
The instrument used shall have the necessary degree of accuracy, range of probes
and probe adapters to enable reliable readings to be obtained consistently.
Otherwise, the TANESCO’s representative shall nominate a suitable instrument for
the purpose of obtaining the measurements.
Before taking measurements, the instrument shall be calibrated, preferably on an

ungalvanized sample of the articles under test. The steel surface used for the
calibration shall be cleaned, if possible, by machine process or abrasive.
Between five and ten measurements shall be taken per sample, depending on size,
shape, etc. The average thickness shall be taken to be the average of all the readings
for that sample. The minimum average coating thickness shall be defined as the
lowest of the individual average thickness values for the number of samples under
test.
S21-28
The minimum individual value of the readings taken on each sample shall be used to
determine the coating uniformity.
The coating mass shall be determined by a coat stripping procedure as set down in
ISO 1460.
This test, when required, shall normally be carried out on two samples. The two
samples chosen shall be the ones that have given the lowest readings when tested by
the magnetic measurement method.
For shaped items, details of the method of calculating the surface area shall be
agreed between the manufacturer and the TANESCO’s representative.
A consignment that has been rejected may be re-galvanized and again offered for
test, provided that it is according to specification in all other respects.
Note: TANESCO’s representative deserves the right to demand calibration

certificates for equipment used for testing.
30. SCHEDULES
S21-29
30.1 Technical Data Schedule
Description Unit Bid

International standard it complies with
Manufacturer
Country of origin
Nominal frequency
Nominal power rating
Maximum continuous power rating
Nominal primary voltage
Nominal secondary voltage
Type of Cooling
Vector Group
Winding Polarity
Number of Tap Positions
Percentage Regulation per Tap
Basic Impulse Level
Impedance
Short Circuit Current

Short Circuit Duration
X/R Ratio
S21-30
Duration of Overload: 25 % min.

50 % min.
Design continuous ambient temperature °C
Average winding temperature rise °C
Top oil temperature rise °C
Maximum hot spot temperature °C

Temperature Gradient °C
Flux Density T
RIV level at 1Mhz µV
Core losses kW
Winding losses kW
No load current (at full voltage) %
Regulation at full load:PF=1 %

PF=0.85 %
Silicone Steel: Manufacturer/country of

origin/Type/Grade
Conductor for HV Windings:

Manufacturer/country of origin/Type/Grade
Conductor of LV Windings:
Manufacturer/country of origin/Type/Grade
Conductor Material: HV Windings

LV Winding

Conductor Shape: HV Windings
S21-31
LV Windings
Maximum current density: Copper A/sq.mm

Aluminium A/sq.mm
HV Bushings: Manufacturer/country of
origin/Type/Grade
LV Bushings: Manufacturer/country of
origin/Type/Grade
Bushing Catalogue Number: HV

LV
Bushing Basic Impulse Level: HV kV

LV kV
Bushing Power Frequency Withstand:

HV kV
LV kV
Puncture Voltage of HV Bushings kV
Creepage Distance: HV Bushings mm

LV Bushings mm
Are arcing horns fitted? (y/n)
Are arcing horns adjustable? (y/n)
Spark gap mm
Impulse flashover level with arcing horns kV

fitted
Slope of upper surface of bushing shed

Can bushings be de-tanked without detaching

S21-32
cover? (y/n)
Colour of bushing porcelain
Type of HV Terminal
Metal used for terminal
Stud Diameter mm
Are conic spring washers fitted? (y/n)
Range of permissible conductor sizes sq.mm
Type of atmospheric protection
Minimum phase to phase clearance mm
Minimum phase to earth clearance mm
Bushing to arrester clearance mm
Type of LV Terminal
Metal used for terminal
Stud Diameter mm
Range of permissible conductor sizes sq.mm
S21-33

Type of atmospheric protection
Minimum phase to phase clearance mm
Minimum phase to earth clearance mm
Continuous current rating A
Type of earth terminal
Spring and lock washers included? (y/n)
Tap Changer: Manufacturer/Country of origin

Type/Grade
Can tap changer switch be locked? (y/n)
Circuit breaker manufacturer/country of origin
Catalogue number
International standard it complies with
Rated Voltage kV
Rated Current A
Symmetrical Breaking Capacity kA rms
Rated Marking Current kA peak
Degree of Washer Protection
S21-34
Dimensions: Length mm
Width mm
Height mm
Weight in service kg
Transformer Oil: Manufacturer

Country of origin
Type/Grade
Quantity of Oil L
Tank Construction
Type of Steel
Grade of Steel
Shape of Tank
Minimum thickness of: Tank Steel: mm

Top Cover: mm
Cooling Surfaces: mm
Grade of stainless steel weldwire (if applicable)
Is tank fully filled with oil? (y/n)
Top oil temperature for 100kN/sq.mm

°C
Steady load to give top oil temperature (30°C
kW
ambient)
Steady load to give top oil temperature (30°C

kW
ambient and solar radiation of 120w/sq.m)
Type of cooling surfaces

Type of metal on earth terminal
S21-35
Is pressure relief device offered? (y/n)
Relief pressure for relief device kN/sq.mm
If no pressure relief device offered how will tank

behave under overpressure?
Are transformers tested for leakage? (y/n)
Corrosion protection
Galvanizing: Type/Grade
Galvanizer
Core Type
Tank Dimensions: Width mm

Depth mm
Height mm
Diameter mm
Can transformers be handled by forklift? (y/n)
Weight of tank kg
Weight of core and windings kg
Weight of oil at 20°C kg
Total weight of transformer ready for service kg
Shipping weight of transformer kg
Guarantee period months
NB: please, fill one schedule for each type and size of transformer
S21-36
30.2 Non Compliance Schedule
On this schedule the bidder shall provide a list of non compliances with
this specification, documenting the effects that such non compliance is
likely to have on the equipment's life and operating characteristics. Each
non compliance shall be referred to the relevant specification clause.
Clause No. Non-Compliance
S21-37
30.3 Test Certificates Schedule
On this schedule a list of the test certificates included with the bid shall be
provided. This list shall include type test certificates and sample routine
test reports. Each certificate listed shall be referred to the relevant
specification clause.
Clause No. Type Test Certificate or Routine Test Report
S21-38
PART 3: INSTALLATION
31. INSTALLATION
TANESCO’s employees shall do the installation work of bare and PVC

Covered Conductors unless otherwise stated. General guidelines for
installation work involved are given in specification S01: General
technical requirements of 33kV, 11kV and LV networks.
S21-39

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TANZANIA ELECTRIC SUPPLY COMPANY LIMITED

‘We Light Up Your Life”

DISTRIBUTION POLE MOUNTED TRANSFRORMERS

TANZANIA ELECTRIC SUPPLY COMPANY LIMITED

Umeme Park, Morogoro Road - Ubungo,

Telephone: +255-22-2451130/41; 2451149; 2451133

Facsimile: +255-22-2451149; 2451133

5. INSPECTION, TESTING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE..........S21-5

7. PACKING AND SHIPPING..........................................................S21-7

8.1 Submittals required with the Bid...................................................S21-10

10. VOLTAGE AND POWER RATINGS.........................................S21-12

11. TRANSFORMER OVERLOAD..................................................S21-14

12. VOLTAGE RATIO AND TAPPING RANGE.............................S21-14

15. VECTOR GROUP.......................................................................S21-15

16. TRANSFORMER LOSSES.........................................................S21-15

17. FLUX DENSITY.........................................................................S21-16

18. INSULATION LEVELS..............................................................S21-16

19. NOISE LEVEL.............................................................................S21-16

20. RADIO INFLUENCE VOLTAGE...............................................S21-17

21. TAP CHANGING CHARACTERISTICS...................................S21-17

23. BUSHINGS AND TERMINALS.................................................S21-18

23.1 Performance of HV Bushings.......................................................S21-18

24. TANK FABRICATION...............................................................S21-21

27. TRANSFORMER OIL.................................................................S21-26

28. RATING AND CONNECTION PLATE......................................S21-26

30.1 Technical Data Schedule..............................................................S21-31

Table 1: Transformer Ratings......................................................S21-13

ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials:

BSI - British Standards Institution:

DIN - Deutsche Industrie Normen

 DIN 6 796: Conic spring washers.

European Union Commission

 SI 426: European Communities (dangerous substances) (classification,

IEC- International Electrotechnical Commission:

 IEC 76: Power Transformers.

 IEC 137: Bushings for alternating voltages above 1,000 V.

 IEC 354: Loading guide for oil immersed power transformers.

 IEC 437: Radio interference test on high-voltage insulators.

 IEC 507: Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage insulators to be used on a.c.

 IEC 551: Determination of transformer and reactor sound levels.

ISO- International Organisation for Standardisation:

 ISO 1460: Metallic coatings - Hot dip galvanised coatings on ferrous

 ISO 2178: Non magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates - Measurement of

 S01: General technical requirements of 33kV, 11kV and LV networks.

 S11: Wood poles

 S13: Crossarms and associated steelwork.

 S15: Line fittings.

 S16: Bare and PVC covered conductors.

 S35: Bolts, nuts and washers.

 S54: 33kV/11kV/LV distribution power cables.

 S55: Power cable joints and terminations.

The service conditions shall be as follows:

 Altitude (above sea level) 1,600m

 Maximum outdoor temperature 40°C

 Minimum outdoor temperature 10°C

 Maximum monthly mean temperature 35°C

 Annual mean temperature 25°C