Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Astm D 3574 - 03 - 20100922175701

    Uploaded by

    jose luis
    14 views23 pages

    Original Title

    astm d 3574 -03_20100922175701

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf
    14 views23 pages

    Astm D 3574 - 03 - 20100922175701

    Uploaded by

    jose luis

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf
    of 23
    Copyright by ASTM Int! (all rights reserved) for ‘800259593 06 Oct 04 Designation: D 3574 ~ 03 = ish A aoe tes ines er Fest aren A this document is vefrenced inthe Pression and Bisset, Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials—Slab, Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams* Bs ees acme ; i inwcately ose he signation nen the you of 1s sandr eon rove fo ie by genie ofthe Depron 1. Seope* 1.1 These test methods apply to slab, bonded, and rnold Acxible celular products known as urethane foams. Urethane foam may be geverally defined as an expanded cela product produced by the interaction of active hydrogen compounds, Wate, and isocyanates. 12 This standard does not punport to addhess all of the safety concerns if ony, associated vith ts use. It ts the responsibilty ofthe user ofthis standard to establish appro: pote safer ad health practices and determine the eppica- biliy of regan imitations prior 1 ave 13 The alts stated in St oite are to be regarded! as standart Nort Tris no equiva 1S0 sind however cen et ethos ins stands hve sr or enlent1S0 sds and > sed ie Soop a he inva wt et 2, Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thersno- plastic Elastomers— Tension® D624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vuleanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers? D726 ‘Test Method for Resistance of Nonporous Paper 10 Passage of Air> 1D 737 ‘Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabries* 1D 3675 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Flexible Cellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Sonrce* £691 Practice for Condveting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method" Nore 2—The specie dated eon of Practice 691 that previ in Pour andar he dis pasty of Sutwnnmies D202? on CSI ‘Cre tn pata aly 10, 200), Pabst Sse 2008. Orly soqrned 1977, Ls ree aon aproved in 201 se DSM "Ct hn Book of AST Saas 8D, ° toma oko ASAE Sana S09 “Ane! Bol of AST try, Vl D2 hal Blof ISTH Std Vl O82 "Anna! Bok of AST Standen, el 1400 3. Terminology’ 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific fo This Standard: 3.1.1 bonded foam—a product produced by the adhesion of small pieces of urethane foam to each other with a suitable the internal portion of a molded part, free of 3.1.3 coved foam—a flexible celular material containing & smulipticty holes (usually, butnot necessarily, elindteal shape), molded or cut ino the material in some patter, nonmally perpendicular tothe foam ise ditetion, and extend ing part ot all the way through the picee 3.14 comoluted foam— flexible celular material spe- cially cut into shes with “egg eatton™tike dimples. The dimple peaks and bases can have varied shapes andl dimen- 3.15 flexible cellular product—a cellular organic polymeric _matsial that wil not rupture wine a specimen 200 by 25 by 25 ‘mm s bent around a 28-mm diameter mandrel ta uniform rate OF I lap in Ss at temperature between 18 and 29°C 3.1.6 molded foant—a callular product having the shape of the enclosed chamber in which itis produced by foaming. 3.1.7 shin—tbe smooth surface layer of a inolded foam product, formed by contact with the mold or surfaces 3.18 slab—a section of foar that is eut from the intemal portion af large Bun 3.19 urethane foam—e flexible celular product produced by the interaetion of astive hydrogen compounds. water, end isocyanates 4, Summary of Test Methods 4.1 Unless specifically stated otherwise between the sup- plier and the purchaser, all tests shall be made in accordance with the methods specified in Sections 9-124 which include test procedures for the following: Tats atone TestA Density Tet oe Tet ®, Indonaton Force Datecton Tost Sracteg A Summary of Changes scetion appeurs atthe ond of this standard, 1 Copyright by ASTM Intl (all ights reserved) for licensee's use only, Copyright by ASTM Int! (all rights reserved) for ‘A00258! use only, 06 Oct 04 Ail 3574-03 “eB nde Fore Deeston Test Specid Fore as Te Gir Sonn Caren Test ae TeetG—rtion et ear Tooth Reson (St Raboue) Test ers Test; Soe Foca Law Test at Costan Deecton Test Dyan Fatigue Tet by the Ror Shae {Constr or oat Test Byam Fate To by Constant Foes Tey BymnmeFatgue Tenor Carpet Cushion sou? Tet} Stam toes Aang hate Teak Gryten hong hota Teil Wena 135450 Appendices X Suggests Neto ta Spechng Flee Urethane Foams “2. Sugowted Wee sconce fr @ Rar Shear Oye FF: Dns of Ts Used t Det the Frc Dstactn Ci Staats Ter oolrmnng Conus of exe Ute ‘Foam (in conten or ate ion resto usa Sree rl prot ho ane) Slggesad Matha fr eres ofa nine O Manone iffeance and Use 5.1 The test procedures provide a standard method of ‘obtaining data for research and development, quality control, acceptance and rejection under specifications, and special purposes 5.2 The data obtained by these test methods are applicable to the material under conditions of the particular test and are not necessarily the same as obtained in other environments it 6. General Test Conditions 6.1 Tests shall be conducted under known conditions of temperature and humidity or as specified in the individual test, ~rocedure. The produet shall be conditioned undetected, and distorted atthe temperature and humidity of test for atleast 12 h before being tested, In cases of dispute, the tests shall be made ata temperature of 23 = 2°C and in an atmosphere of 50 5% relative humidity 62 It is recommended for referee purposes that all tests shall be performed 7 days or more after the foam has been ‘manufactured, 7. Sampling 7.1. When possible, the completed manufactured product shall be used for the test specified. Representative samples of the lot being examined shall be selected at random as required. 7.2 When itis necessary of advisable to obtain specimens ‘rom the articles, asin those eases where the entire sample is not roquited or adaptable for testing, the method of eutting and the exact position from which specimens are to be taken shall be specified. The density and the state of eure may vary in ilferent pats of the finished produet, especialy ifthe ancl is ‘of complicated shape or of varying thickness, and these factors affect the physical properties of the specimens. Also, the donsity is affected by the number of cut surfaces on the 2 specimen, Ifa test specimen is die cut, sucient time should he allowed for complete recovery ofthe thickness across the fll ‘width of the specimen, 7.3. When the finished molded produet does not lend itself 10 testing or to the taking of specimens because of complicated shape, small size, metal or fabric inserts, adhesion to metal, ot other reasons, molded test slabs as agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser shall be prepared. 74 When differences in test results arise due tothe difficulty in obtaining suitable specimens from the finished pars, the supplier and the purchaser may agree upon an accopable location to take the specimen, 8, Measurement of Test Specimens 8.1. Measure the length and width with a seal or tape. Take care not 10 distort the foam. 18.2 Measure thickness upto and including 25 mum using a dialype gage with a minimus foot area of 650 mm Hold the pressure ofthe dal foot to 170 = 38 Pa (Note 3). Thicknesses over 25 mm may be measured with « dial gage, a sliding caliper gage, oF a specified in 8.1. When a siding caliper seue ‘semployed, make the gage setting with the gage out of contact with the foam. Pass the specimen throug the previously set sage: the proper seting shall be the one when the measuring faces ofthe gage contact the surfaces ofthe specimen without compressing i ‘Noe 3-For sf ams hing compression force deeton sakes toss th 4a te pee onthe aT sal lexan 100 83 The seal, tape, or gage shall be graduated so as to permit measurements within 1% of the dinensions to be measured 14 Unless otherwise specified, results shall be the mean of the measurements. ‘VEST A—DENSITY TEST 9, Scope 9.1 This test method covers determination of the density of _uncored foam by ealelation from the mass and volume of the specimen, The density value thus obtained applies only to the immediate area fram which the specimen has been taken. 1 oes not necessarily relate to the bulk density of the entire molded pod Nowe 4—1SO 845 i simitar tos, but there are ecica dievences, 10, Test Specimen 10.1 Core Density—A representative specimen of regular shape, cular or square without skins or densification lines, ‘ot less than 1000 mm? in volume, shall be cat from a portion frco of voids and defects and as near as possible to the section from which the tension and tear specimens were taken, 10.2 Section Density—A representative specimen with skins fn the top and bottom surface measuring atleast 0.1 m* in area by full-paet thickness shall be cut from an area fee of voids and defects and 2s near as possible to the location from whieh the tension and tear specimens were taken. When these dimensions are not possible, the largest representative portion as agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser shal be used, Copyright by ASTM Int (al rights reserved) for icensoe's use only. right by ASTM Int! (all sights reserved) for licenseo's use only. ‘A00259593, 6 Oct Ga fly 3574-03 11, Number of Specimens 11.1 One specimen shall be tested, unless otherwise agreed ‘upon by the supplier and the purchaser. 12, Procedure 12.1 Determine the mass ofthe specimen within 1%, 122 Determine the dimensions of the specimen in accor- dance with Section 8, and celeulate the volume. 13, Calculation 13.1 Cateulate the density in kilograms per cubic metre as follows: Density = MV x 10" w where AM-= mass of specimen, g, and ¥ = volume of specimen, mm” 14, Report 4.1 Report the following information: ILL Density to the nearest 0.1 kg/es, and 14.1.2 Type of specimen, cote or section, 15, Precision and Bias 15.1 See Section 131 for Precision and Bias statements ‘TEST B, “INDENTATION FORCE DEFLECTION ‘TEST—SPECIFIED DEFLECTION 16. Scope 3.1 This will be known as the indentation foree deflection lest and the results as the IFD values, This test consists of measuring the force necessary to produce designated indenta- tions in the foum product, for example, 25 and 6 % dellec tions. (Appendix X3). Nowe $180 2438 is lar tet bu here are eis iferness 17. Apparatus 17.1 An apparatus having a flat circular indentor foot 203 rm in diameter connected by means of a swivel joint capable of accommodating the angle of the sample to a force- rmeusuring device and mounted in such a manner thet the ‘product or specimen can be deflected at a spoed of 50 to 500 rmwimin, The apparatus shall be arranged t@ suppoct the spcimen on a level horizontal plate which is perforated with approximately 65-mm holes on approximately 20-mm centers tallow for rapid escape of air during the test, Special support or contoured molded pads shall be perforated in the same ‘manner as the flat plate unless agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser. Pads longer than the base plate shall, be supported from distortion atthe 4.5-N contact force. 18, Test Specimen 18.1 The test specimen shall consis of the entire product sample ofa suitable portion of it, except that in no ease shall the specimen have dimensions less than 380 by 380 by 100 ‘nm, Specimens less or different than 100 mm in thickness shall have the thickness noted on the test report Copyright by ASTM Int! (all rights res 3 18.2 The IFD values for molded products ate dependent on the specimen dimensions. Higher values are generally obtained for specimens that retain all molded surfaces. 19, Number of Specimens 19.1 One specimen shall be tested, unless otherwise agroed ‘upon by the supplier and the purchaser. 20, Procedure 20,1 Place the test specimen in position on the supporting plate of the apparatus. If the product has one side cored of hhoney-combed, this face shal vest on the perforated plate, The specimen position shall be such that whenever practicable the indentation will be made at the center ofall articles, except where another location is agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser 20.2 Preflex the ares to be tested by wie lowering the indent foot to total deflection of 75 10 80 % ofthe full-part thickness ata rate of 250 + 25 mavmin. Mark the location of the test area with a pen by circumseribing the indentor foot while under a 4.5-N force. Allow the specimen to rest 6 = iin after the preflex 20.3 Bring the indentor foot into contact with the specimen and determine the thickness alter applying « eontact force of 45 N (Note 6) o the indentor foot. Indent the specimen at 50 = 5 mmfnin 25% of this thickness and observe the foree ia nowtons after 60 + 3-5. Without removing the specimen increase the deflection to 65 % deflection, allowing the force to drift while meimtaining the 65 % deflection, and again observe the foree in newtons after 60 3 s Nore 6—For sperso foamy, far with 25% IFD les than 40 N, «| reduction of presite on the inden Tot shall be allowed. Sutcion. oniact free to make ao secre inal thicksose messirinen i ree 21, Report 21.1 Report the foree in newtons requited for 25 and 65 % indentation or other indentations (Note 7). These figures are now as the 25 % and 65 % IED values, respectively, Report also length, width, and thickness of the specimen, if non- standard and the ratio (support Factor Appendix X3) oF 65 % t0 25% IED values "Note. 7 Indentation deRection ets other than 25 and 65 % aswell | 25 % retum value (25 % RT), ay be specified os agreed upon beeen the supplier andthe purchaser 22. Precision and Bias 22.1 See Seetion 131 for Precision and Bias statements ‘TEST B, —INDENTATION RESIDUAL GAGE LOAD, ‘TEST—SPECIFIED FORCE 23. Scope 23.1. Cellular foam products have been tralitionally checked fot indentation force deflection by determining the force required to effect a 25% defloction, In seating, on the other hand, the intrest is in determining how thick the padding is under the average person. Tivo measurements are called for 10 meet the requirements ofthis test method. The force dflestion ved) for licensee's use only, Copyright by AS M Int (all sights res ‘A00259! Ally 0 3574-03 is determined by measuring the thickness of the pad under a fixed force of 4.5 N, 110.N, and 220 N, on a 323-cm! ciscular indentar foot. 23.2 This determination shall be known as the Indestation Residual Gage Load and the measurement asthe IRGL values [Nore 8180 2459 ia silr test but there are technica erences 24, Apparatus 24.1 An apparatus having a flat eirevlarindentor foot 203, rom in diamoter connected with a swivel joint for applying forees of 4.5 N, 110 N, 220 N and 330N shall be mounted over ‘level horizontal platform that is perforated with approxi- rately 6.5-mm holes on approximately 20-mm centers 10 allow for rapid eseape of air during the test. The distance ctween the indentor foot and the pltforrs shall he variable 10 adent the specimen at a speed of 50 to 200 mmmin for thickness measurements. The apparatus shall be equipped with 1 device for measuring the distance between plates. 242 Special support for contoured molded pads shall be perforated and agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser. Pads longer than the base plate shall be supported fiom distortion atthe 4.5-N contact force. 25, Test Condi 25.1 When possible the completed manufactured product wll be used. In the case of tapered eushions, the location of | the area for measurement is to be agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser. In the ease a finished part is not feasible for tes, 380 by 380-mm specimens of an average thickness ate to be cut from the cushion. 25.2 The IRGL valves for molded products are dependent ‘on the specimen dimensions, Difference values are generally ‘obtained for specimens that retain all molded surfaces. 6, Number of Specimens 26.1 One specimen shall be tested, unless otherwise agreed ‘upon by the supplier and the purchase. 27. Procedure 27.1 Test the whole test specimen ofa minimum area of 380 by 380 mim, Preflex the specimen twice with a 330 N fore at 200 = 20 mm/min, Allow to rest 6 = | min. Position the specimen in the test apparatus with any cored or convoluted surfaces resting against the perforated bottom plat, 27.2 Bring the indentor foot into contact and determine the thickness of the specimen with the 4.5-N load on the indentor foot 27.3 Apply the 110-N force at $0 + $ mm/imin with the indentor foot and indent the specimen until the Force is earsied by the specimen, Determine the thickness at 110 N after maintaining the force for 60 = 3 s 27.4 Without removing the specimen apply the 220-N force at 50 * 5 mm/min with the indentor foot and further indent the ppad until this load is carried. After 60 = 3's under load, determine the thickness of the pad. Copyright by ASTM int (al rights 4 ved) for licensee's use only De 28, Report 28.1 Report the spocimen thickness after 60 + 3. at 4.5 Ny MON, and 220 N. These figures are known as the IRGL values, respectively. Report also the length, width, and thickness ofthe speeiimen, 29, Precision und Bias 29.1. Round robin testing to determine the precision of this ‘method is being planed and the data will be available by 2002 ‘TEST C-COMPRESSION FORCE DEFLECTION TEST 30, Scope 30.1 This test consists of measuring the force necessary to produce a 50% compression over the entre top area of the Foara specimen, [Nove 9-190 3386 6 a smi t, butthere veto rece None 10-—Conyresion deflection tests other than 50% may be specie ax agieed wpa betwee the supplier and the purchaser 31. Apparatus 31.1 An apparatus having a flat compression foot, larger than the specimen to be tested connected to a foree-measuring, device and mounted ina manner such that the product oF specimen ean be deflected ata speed of 50 t0 500 mnvmin. The apparatus shall be arranged to support the specimen on a level horizontal plate that is perforated with approximately 6.5-mm holes on approximately 20-mm centers to allow for rapid escape of air during the test, 32 Test Specimens 32.1 The slab test specimen shall have parallel top and bottom surfaces and essentially vertical sides. The thickness shall be no greater than 75 % ofthe minimum top dimension ‘The standard specimen shall be $0 mm by SU mm by 25 ram in thickness 32.2 Specimens from uncored slab stock shall be @ minis mam of 2000 ram in area and have a minimum thickness of 20, 32.3 The test specimen from molded parts shall have parallel top and bottom surfaces and perpendicular sides Preferably the specimen should include both top and bottom molded skins. Ifa test specimen with parallel top and bottom surfaces including both molded skins cannot be obtained because of the shape of the molded part, at least one of the molded skin surfaces should be retained’ Both surface skins should be removed only in cases where the shape of the original sample makes this absolutely necessary. 324 Maximum molded specimen thickness shall be no greater than the minimum top dimensions. Specimens from ‘molded parts shall be a minimum of 2000 mans? in area and have a minimum thickness of 20 mm, 33, Number of Specio 33.1 Three specimens per sample shall be tested. The value reported shall be the mean value of those observed, served) for licensee's use only. Copyright by ASTM Int! (all ights reserved) fa lier A002! 34, Procedure 34.1 Preflex the specimen twice, 75 to 80% ofits oxiginal thickness at 250 + 25 mmimin, Then allow the specimen to rest for a period of 6 * I min, 34.2 Place the specimen centered in the line ofthe sxial load ‘on the supporting plate of the apparatus. Ifthe product las one side cored or convoluted, rest this face on the perforated plates 34.3 Bring the compression foot into contact with the specimen and determine the thickness after applying a contact load of 140 Pa to the specimen area (Note 3), Compress the specimen 50% of this thickness at 50 + Smnvmin and determine the final force after 60 = 3s. 35, Report 35:1. Report the thickness after contact force, and the $0 % ‘compression deflection valve in kilopaseals and the dimensions ‘of non-standard specimens. Indicate ifthe sample was cored oF convo 36. Precision and Bias 36.1 Soe Section 131 for Precision and Bias statements ‘TEST D-CONSTANT DEFLECTION COMPRESSION SET TEST 37. Scope 7.1 This test method consists of deflecting the foam specimen to a specified deflection, exposing it to specified conditions of time and temperature and measuring the change in the thickness of the specimen after a specified recovery petiod Noe 11-180 1886183 sir tet bt there ave technic dierstees 38. Apparatus 38.1 Compression Device, consisting of two or more fat plates arranged so the plates are held parallel to each other by bolts or clamps and the space between the plates is adjustable to the roquired deflection thickness by means of spacers, 39, Test Specimens 39.1 The test specimens shall have parallel top and bottom surfaces and essentially perpendicular sides. 39.2 Specimens shall be 50 by 50 by 25 mm unless otherwise specified. Specimens less than 25 mm in thickness shall be plied up, without the use of cement, 1o a 25-mm thickness. 39.3 Specimens from cored foams shall have a minimum top surface area of 100 em". The thickness shall be no greater than 75 % of the minimum top dimension. 394 Specimens from uncored molded products 25 mm or less in thickness shall be $0 by 50 mm by fall-part thickness and shall contain the top and bottom skin 39.5 Specimens greater than 50 mm in thickness shall be cut to 25 mm thickness from the core. (Note 12) Nowe 12—Speeimens rom molded prodets may be tested with one oF thine by apoementBewgen the Guster and the suppl Copyright by ASTM Int (all rights reserved) for licenses s use only 1503.06 Oct (et fly v 3574-03 al 40, Number of Specimens 440.1 Three specimens per sample shall be tested, The value reported shall be the mean of those observed 41, Procedure 41.1 Perform the entire test procedure under the following conditions: Conduct all measurements, conditioning, and re ‘covery of the specimen at 23 ~ 2°C and in an atmosphere of 50 5% elative humidity. The oven conditions shall be 70 + 2°C and 6% maximum relative humidity. Nowe 13—This condion of relative humidiyy may’ be aehived by placing a oven at 70-= 2°C inan atmosphere aiainedat 23 = °C and ‘st 3% raative hori 41.2 Measure the original thickness of the test specimen in accordance with the procedure deseribed in Section 8. 413 Place the test specimen in the apparatus and deflect it to cither $0 + 1, 75 = 1, or 90 + 1% ofits thickness, or any other defection’ agreed ‘upon between the supplier and the purchaser 41.4 Within 15 min, place the deffected specimen and the apparatus in the mechanically convected air oven for a period ff 22 hi then remove the apparatus. 41.5 Remove the specimen immediately fiom the apparatus and measute the final thickness in accordance with the proce- dure described in Scction 8 after allowing i to reeaver 30 1040 ‘min at the temperature and Insuidity conditions specified in ald None i4—Recoverypoiods erestr than 30 10 40 min may be agced upon by the supplier and the purehasr 42, Caleulation 42.1 Calculate the compression set value by one of the following formulas: Nate 15—The C;eaeulaton is preferred and shal bs the clcuiion sed when aihor Cand, are speci 42.1.1 Caleulate the constant deflection compression set, ‘expressed as a percentage of the original thickness, as follows C= Ele = gig] 100 e where: CC, = compression set expressed as a percentage of the ‘original thickness, ft, = original thickness of test specimen, and = final thickness of test specimen, 42.1.2 Caleulate the constant deflection compression set, expressed asa percentage ofthe original deflection, as follows: Ca = Me = Mg = 291% 100 o compression set expressed as a percent ofthe origi= nal deflection, = original thickness of test specimen, thicknoss of spacer bar used, and = final thickness of test specimen, Nore 16—Aporoximate conversion of <0 C, canbe cleulated by ‘makipyng the 30% C, by 2, the 78% C, by 1.3, aad he 90 % C, by in ‘suse only. Copyright by ASTM Inet (all rig A025 reserved) far licensee's use only 06 Oct 04 {fp 0 ssr4os 43, Report 43.1 Report compression set as C, or Cy, and deflection used, Also report any non-standard recovery periods or sample sizes and whether the sample was cored, uncored and/or molded, 44, Precision and Bias 44.1 See Section 131 for Precision and Bias statements, ‘VEST E—TENSILE TEST 48, Scope 45.1 This test method determines the elfect of the applica- tion of a tensile force to foam. Measurements are made for tensile sires, tensile strength, and ultimate elongation. Nate 80 1798 imitate, but dere are tecnica deren, 46, Apparatus 46.1 Specimens—The specimen for tensile tests shall be stamped! out witha die of the shape and dimensions shown in Fig, 1, or Die A of Test Methods D 412. The die shall be sharp and fee of nicks in order to prevent leaving ragged edges on the specimen. The D412 Die is the preferred die and is identical in dimensions to the ISO 1798 Die. 46.2 Bench Morker—The marker shall have two parallel marking edges Ito 3 mm in thickness and spaced 20 or 25 mm patton centers. 46.3 Measurements—The dimensions of the test specimen shall be determined with a suitable gage in accordance with Seation 8 46.4 Machine—Tensile tests shall be made on a power- driven machine complying with the following requirements: 464.1 The machine shall be equipped with a load cell or Force measuring device that ean measure the maximum applied force. The test speed shall be 500 = 50 mm/min, and shall be ‘uniform at al Gime. 464.2 The machine may be equipped with a device erady- ated 10 25 mim for measuring the clongation. The use of non-contact extensomoters may similarly be used for determin- ing elongation. Extensometers that clip on to the specimen generally are unsuitable for flexible foam. For testing dumbbell specimens, the machine shall have either serew-type fat plate _zrips or & type of grip that tightens automatically and exerts & "uniform pressure across the gripping surfaces, inerensing as the tension increases to prevent slipping. ean Ly. ee 1 i e7mm(Os") 1397 aio FIG. 1 Die for Stamping Tension Specimens 6 Copyright by ASTM tnt! (al rights reserved) for license 47. Test Specimens 47.1. The test specimens shall be cut from at sheet material 125 © 1.$ mm thick. The foam rise shall be in the thickness direction, unless otherwise agreed upon by customer and supplies. The top and bottom surfaces shall be parallel and free of skin, The eut edges shall he perpendicular tothe top surface and be five of ragged edges. The length of the tabs may be adjusted (0 fit machine concitions provided that all other Fequirements remain constant, 48. Number of Specimens 48.1 Three specimens per sample shall be tested. The value reported shall be the mean value of those observed 49, Procedure 49.1 Set the grip separation at a minimum of 62.5 mm for the D 3574 Dic and at a minimum of 75 mm for the D 412 Die ‘A Place the dumbbell tabs in the grips of the testing machine, using care to adjust them symmetrically, in order that the teasion will be distributed uniformly over the cross section The test shall be run at a speed of 500 + 50 mun/min, unless otherwise specified by agreement between customer and sup- plice Start the machine and note continuously the distance between the two bench matks. Record the stress. at the corresponding elongation or ifan automatic recording device is ‘sed, it will record the date continuously. At rupture, measure or record elongation (0 the nearest 10 % 50, Caleulatio 50.1 Calculate the tensile strenath by dividing the maxirnum breaking force by the original cross-sectional area of the specimen, 50,2 Calenlate the stress by dividing the force at a prede~ termined elongation by the original cross-sectional are of the specimen, 50.3 Caleulate the ultimate elongation, A, by subtracting the original distance between the bench marks fiom the total distance between the bench marks at the time of rupture and expressing the difference as a percentage of the original distance, as follows, or use the grip separations in a similar calculation. AH = hey — dy] 100 @ where: 4, ~ original distance between bench marks, and ‘4, = distance between bench marks at the break point. ‘50.4 The value reported shall be the mean value of all specimens tested. SI. Report 51.1 Report the following information: SULL.L Tensile strength in kilopascals, 511.2 Stress in kilopaseals at a predetermined elongation, and 51.1.3 Ultimate elongation, in percent, and whether bench rmarks, prip separation or extensometers were used to measure clongation. SEL4 Crosshead speed, if other than $00 men/min, 's use only. Copyright by As 1M Int} (all ights reserved) for licensee's use only ‘AOD259595 08 Oct 04 452, Precision and Bias 52.1. See Section 131 for Precision ancl Bias statements. ‘TEST F—TFAR RESISTANCE TEST 153, Seope 53.1 This test method covers determination of the teat propagation resistance of foam. The block method, as de- scribed, measures the tear resistance under the conditions of this particular test None 18-180 4067 sini est, usher ate eee diferencs. ‘54. Apparatus ‘54.1 Tear resistance shall be measured on a power-driven apparatus which will indicate the force at which rupture of the specimen takes place. An automatic machine may be used which draws the actual curve, o, a style or scale shal be used having an indicator that remains atthe point of maximum force after rupture. 5. Test Specimens 55.1 The test specimens shall be a block shape fre of skin, voids, and densification lines, as shown in Fig. 2. They may be cet on a savor die eur from sheet material so thatthe sides are parallel and perpendicular to each other. A nominal 40-mmn cut shall be placed in one side as shown in Fig, 2. Dimension 4-B tan be reduced to the pad thickness. The thickness shall be determined in accordance with Section 8. '56. Number of Specimens 86.1 Three specimens per sample shall be tested, The values reported shall be the mean of those tested 57. Procedure 57.1 Clamp the test specimen in the jaws of the testing ‘machine, taking care thatthe jaws grip the specimen properly, ‘Spread the block so that each tab is held in the jaw to pull across the specimen. The test shall be run ata speed of $00 + 50 mm/min, unless otherwise specified by agreement between ‘eustomer and supplier, Aid the eu in the specimen with a razor blade or knife, so as to keep it in the center ofthe block (Note 19). After the rupture ofthe specimen, or after at least a 50-101 length is torn, record the maximum force in Nevtors and note also the thickness of the specimen (direction 4-B), "Nort 19—For fone tht wil nt teary this method side by side tae srr comparisons ean be made by testing i accordance ith Test see ee FIG, 2 Tear Resistance Test Specimens. ‘Copyright by ASTM Int! fall rights reserved) for licensee’ fly 3574-03 Method B 624 should be noted that the D 624 tet i a niitng rcnrement ws apposed oa er propsgaingmeawuement nts ek 58. Calculation $8.) Caleulate the wear strength fom the maximum force registered on the testing machine and the average thickness of the specimen (direction 4-2), as follows: Tearstrength, Nin = FIT 102 ° where: F = force, N, and T= thickness, mm. 59, Report 59.1. Report the following information: 59.1.1 Tear strength in newtous per metre, 39.1.2 Orientation of specimen, and 59.1.3 Crosshead speed, if other than $00 ranvmin, (60, Precision and Bias 60.1 See Section 131 for Precision and Bias statements ‘TEST G—AIR FLOW TEST 61. Scope 1.1 The air flow test measures the ease with which sir passes through cellar structure. Airflow values may be used 4s an indioot measurement of certain esl structure character- istics. The test consists of placing a flexible foam core specimen in a cavity over a chamber and creating a specified constant aitpeessure differential. The rate of How of air required to maintain this pressure differential isthe airflow value This testi normally for slab foam products of forthe core materials of molded products. Measurements of ai flow trough molded skins oF extemely high air flow products may require alternative methods (Note 21), ‘Nore 20180 7231 an iia seat Nore 21—For messing iow of pod began he ange a i srehod some sucess as Bean ahved ng he eipment pcid in ‘Tee Method D757, Some moieton of the eqpiment may be secewnry For srlce prose old oar ace Fst Mathod D726, 62, Terminology 62.1 Defintions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 621.1 air flow value—the volume of air per second at standard temperature and atmospheric pressure required to maintain @ constant pressure differential of 125 Pa across @ flexible foam specimen approximately $0 by SO by 25 mm. 62.1.2 air flow parallel to foam rise—the air low value ‘obtained when the ir ents and leaves the mounted specimen Parallel to foam rise, {62.1.3 air flow perpendicular to foam vise—the sir low value oblained when the air enters and leaves the specimen perpeedicolar to foam rise, [RN Pa, RF Koller, Wie, ad Rian, KA tn, Monon and Adpaon i Alta Ts Met for Peyan the oom” dor of ilar Pc, Mayan 20, use only Copyright by ASTM lat served) for Ticensee's use only ‘A010259593 06 Oct 04 py 0 357403 63, Apparatus 63.1 A schematic drawing of the apparatus including the specimen mounting chamber, manometer, air flowmeter, Dlowietes, blower, and voltage control is shown in Fig. 3 32 Chamber, consisting ofa pot approximately 130 num in diameter and 150 mm high with provision for mounting the foam specimen and fitings for the manometer and air exhaust, ‘The specimen mount cavity shall be $0.0 = 0.5 by 50.0 = 0.5 by 25.0 = 0.5 mm in size. Four foam support vanes appeoxi- ‘mately 1 mm thick and 12.5 mm high shall be placed under the ening to prevent the foam from being pulled into the vacuum amber. The vanes shall be spaced 12.5 mm on center from each other and also centered relative tothe bottom ofthe cavity opening. The manometer fiting shall enter a,1-mm hole rmidway along the side of the chamber. A 25-mm pipe fitting shall be used as the exhaust outlet from the eenter of the bottom Fhe chamber. 63.3 Monometer, calibrated from 0 to 250 Pa and having an accuracy of 2%, is required. An inelined oil manometer with traduations of 2 Pa is recommended A level mounted on the ‘manometer shall be used to ensure that the proper degree of inclination from the horizontal is maintained. Traps shall be provided (© prevent indicating fuid fiom being accidentally ™ Alesana spon tbe esi or eninge a som 12, Vee, Aap, INGLINHD Ot MANNER ea a

    You might also like