Name: Châu Thành Huy

ID: BEBEIU20018

PRELAB 5
1. What is an absorption spectrum?
- an electromagnetic spectrum in which a decrease in intensity of radiation at
specific wavelengths or ranges of wavelengths characteristic of an absorbing
substance is manifested especially as a pattern of dark lines or bands
2. Why we need to make spectrum analysis in part 4.1.2?
- Part 4.1.2 requires spectrum analysis to determine the concentration of
Berberine in commercial products because signal intensity is proportional to
concentration. It is convenient that spectral analysis permits the determination
of berberine concentration via its UV-Vis spectrum.

Figure 1 Berberine structure [1]

3. What law is responsible for the absorption of radiant energy?
- In spectral analysis, Beer-law Lambert's governs the absorption of radiant
energy. It is the relationship between light transmission through a substance and
the substance's properties:

Where:
I1 = I0 × 10εlC - A: absorbance
Absorbance: A = εlC - ε: Molar concentration (M)
- l: optical path length (cm)

4. What are the differences between qualitative and quantitative analysis?

- Quantitative analysis involves determining and measuring the sample
concentration. It is frequently associated with numerical analysis; however, this
means that generalization of results is its greatest limitation.
- Qualitative analysis is limited to identifying the presence and characteristics of
analytes, but not their concentration.