UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS

Core Subject

Class No.: _____ Date: _________________________

Name: ____________________________________ nd Module 6 – 2 Quarter – SY20212022
Grade and Section: __________________________ Teacher: ______________________

I. Title: The Interplay of Economic and Non- State Institutions

II. Objectives:
After accomplishing this module, you must be able to:
1. associate economic activities with daily human transactions in the context of
the Philippine society;
2. review basic economic concepts through the circular flow of production;
3. tabulate characteristics and functions of non- state institutions;
4. appreciate the contribution of each industry in the production of common goods
and services.
Material/s:
III.
1. Supplementary learning materials can be accessed through the orange applications.
2. For further readings you may visit the links below.
https://sklthebest.home.blog/2018/10/01/ucsp-module-3-economic-
institutions/ https://sklthebest.home.blog/2018/10/01/ucsp-module-4-non-
state-institutions/
All definitions contained in this module were lifted from the Open Education Sociology

Dictionary.
https://sociologydictionary.org

IV. Time Frame:

Week 6 – Day 16 and 17
200 minutes
Concept:
V.

Can you imagine how long it has been since us, Filipinos started treating a facemask as one
of our essentials? I mean, since January 2020, when Taal volcano started its eruption,
until now June 2020 (time of writing this module), we cannot go with every single day of
our lives without this particular must have. Let us pause for a while and think of the nitty-
gritty of facemask production. What are the raw materials needed to produce this product?
Where are these masks produced? How big of an industry has
it become since the dawn of calamities in the Philippines?
In this module you will be acquainted with the economic aspect of our society.
You need to understand the dynamics of basic production of common goods and services
to appreciate the varying sectors that participate and benefit from the circular
flow of production. You will also be introduced to the private groups and organizations
that contribute to the betterment of the society. It will also be important to realize the
natural interplay between state and non- state institutions towards economic progress
and development.

“...you will never know the value of each drop of water until you carry your own pail.”

1
Understanding Culture, Society and Politics – Module 6 Page of 7
VI. Activity: Social Science and the Everyday
Activity 1: Economic Institutions
Time Frame: 15 minutes

This activity is designed to get to know the basic economic principles. It is

an opportunity to understand the meaning behind the daily dynamics in our
everyday economic activities.
Please watch the videos in the links provided and answer the guide questions that
follow.
Website Time Frame Link
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2OUOZK3Hgbg&t=59s
Youtube 3: 06 WOTL: Utang naLoob

Guide Questions:
1. What is “utang na loob?”
the need to repay someone for a service they have done for you
_________________________________________________________
2. What is the direct English translation of “utang naloob?”
Reciprocity
________________________________
3. How can you pay your “utang naloob?”
utang na loob is permanent, it is impossible for anyone to return it.
_____________________________________________

Topic no. 1: Reciprocity

Time Frame: 15 minutes
Discussion
Reciprocity, as a concept, refers to the voluntary giving and taking of objects
without the use of money in the hopes that, in the future, they could be given back.

Based on the video you have watched; a good example of reciprocity is the Filipino

culture of utang na loob. Filipinos who seek help from their friends and colleagues will

find themselves indebted to them in the future. This debt or utang na loob must be paid
in the right time.
Economically speaking, we normally practice the principle of reciprocity in our
economic activities. For example, an Espian who wishes to buy a load for his/ her

internet data consumption benefits the store owner. With continuous patronage of the

same store, the Espian will be considered as one of the store’s suki or loyal customers,

who will then receive special discounts and promos as a sign of the store owner’ s utang
na loob. From a bigger perspective, during times of calamity, like the COVID- 19
pandemic, the Philippines like any other country, normally receives financial and other
forms of aid from neighboring countries. This automatically implies that the Philippines
will have to return the same favor to the countries we have utang na loob.

Time Frame: 15 minutes

Website Time Frame Link

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MxgpAzoOTZg
Youtube 5: 52 What is Tax?

Guide Questions:
1. What did the kids in the community want to build?
playground
_____________________________________
2. How did the community build the playground?
the kids contribute with their own savings
________________________________________
3. What are considered to be “free” services/ products in the community?
FREE LEARNING IS PROVIDED TO PUBLIC SCHOOL STUDENTS, AND FREE DRIVING
__________________________________________________________________
SAFETY IS MAINTAINED BY THE POLICE.

“...you will never know the value of each drop of water until you carry your own pail.”

2
Understanding Culture, Society and Politics – Module 6 Page of 7
 Topic no. 2: Transfers
Time Frame: 15 minutes

Discussion
Transfers, as a concept, refer to the redistribution of wealth and income where
no goods or services are being given to a donor in return. Based on the video you have

watched; a good example of an economic transfer is tax. In a country, people pay taxes,

be it directly (income/ salary) or indirectly (consumption of basic products). The money

collected from these payments is budgeted by the government to fund basic social
services (road constructions, public schools, public hospitals).
The government plays a crucial role in ensuring that transfer payments are
collected successfully from participating citizens and institutions. In the government’s

case, public goods are provided to people through various programs and activities that
benefit the citizens.
Time Frame: 30 minutes

Website Time Frame Link

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kHRFIikvLdU
Youtube 11: 17 The FOW – 10 of 10 – The Mixed Economy

(The Foundations of Wealth)

Guide Questions:
1. What are the different products produced in the community?
__________________________________________________________________
A few examples of goods are cotton, pots, wheat, and lambs. in the neighborhood produced
2. Who decides on the yearly quota of products to be produced by each family?
The council of elders
________________________________
3. Where does each family submit and store the products?
village store
________________________________
4. Who decides on the amount of daily ration of products, each family receives?
________________
guardians

Topic no. 3: Redistribution

Time Frame: 10 minutes

Discussion
Redistribution
, as a concept, refers to the movement of goods/ services from a
central authority to the members of society. It is important to note that the main
difference between reciprocity and redistribution is that – redistribution focuses on the
collection of goods from the individuals in the community, to be kept by a central
authority.
There are only a number of communities like small tribes and ethnic groups that
are still practicing redistribution in their daily lives. But in principle, we can see the
concept of redistribution during calamities in the Philippines. Popular groups,
normally, celebrities and TV networks will start a helping drive for the victims of a
particular calamity. Donations in kind (products) from the citizens, will be collected,
stored, repacked and distributed by the volunteers. In this manner, the goods
collected from the citizens will also be distributed to the citizens.

Activity 2: My Shopping List

Time Frame: 20 minutes
This activity is designed to measure your knowledge of everyday social

encounters. This is also a chance for you to trace the complex process undergone by
your daily consumptions before you are able to shop at your local stores.
Refer to the pool of words to supply the missing steps in the production of basic
goods and services. Please refer to the powerpoint presentation for the photographs.

“...you will never know the value of each drop of water until you carry your own pail.”

3
Understanding Culture, Society and Politics – Module 6 Page of 7
 Mango farm in Batangas
Factory of Tang Juice
Grab Company

Delivery drivers My Phone Factory Polycarbonate Plastic for

Phones
STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3
Mango farm in Batangas Factory of Tang Juice Mango Juice

Polycarbonate Plastic Cellular Phone

My Phone Factory
for Phones

Grab Company Delivery drivers Food Delivery

Topic no. 4: Circular Flow of Production

Activity no. 3: The Circular Flow Model
Time Frame: 20 minutes
This activity is designed to review the basic economic institutions and activities
taught in the grade 9 curriculum. It is also a chance to understand the economy from the
perspective of a Filipino consumer/ citizen.
Please watch the video in the link provided for a short explanation. Refer to the pool of
words to supply the missing concepts in the Circular Flow model in column A; and real-
life counterpart of each concept in column B.

Website Time Frame Link

start from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B43YEW2FvDs
Youtube 5: 41 – Economic Systems and Macroeconomics:

6: 48 Crash Course Economics #3

(A) (B)
Circular Flow of Production Model Example in the Philippine Context
Consumer
Business Loans
Government
Business Tax
Producer
Filipino Consumer
Subsidy Income Tax
Taxes Manila City Hall
Product Market
Puregold Supermarket

Resource Market Road Constructions

Transfer Payments Goldmine Rice Company
Nueva Ecija Rice Farmers
nueva ecija rice
1. resource market 1.
farmers

7.________8._________
subsidy transfer payments 8. ____________
business loans 9. ____________
road constructions
- - - - - -- - - - - - -
2. 5.governmanet 4. producer
- - - -- - - - - - - - goldmine rice
consumer 2. filipino consumer 5. manila city hall 4.
company

taxes
- - - - - - -6. __________ ------

__ 6. income tax

3. product market 7. business tax puregold

3.
supermarket

Topic no. 5: Non- State Institutions

Activity no. 4: Spot the Difference
Time Frame: 10 minutes

This activity is designed to understand the role of Non- State Institutions in the
context of the Philippine economy. This is also an opportunity for you to realize the
interplay between the state and non- state institutions in organizing your daily
transactions as a consumer.
Please refer to the powerpoint presentation for the photographs to complete the
matrix below. Write the correct answer on the space provided below.
“...you will never know the value of each drop of water until you carry your own pail.”

4
Understanding Culture, Society and Politics – Module 6 Page of 7
 NON- STATE CHARACTERISTICS FUNCTIONS EXAMPLES
INSTITUTIONS
A. Bank A. Group of people A. Protects the rights A. Profit, Non-
B. Cooperative legally acting “as one” of the workers profit
C. Corporation B. Financial mediator B. Employment; loans B. Human rights,

D. Labor Union between producers money from anti- terrorism

E. Transnational and consumers financial C. Credit,
Advocacy Group C. The power rests upon institutions consumer,

the big number of C. Elects the board of

producer,
members members; benefits service, multi-
D. Owners and financiers
all members purpose
are the same people D. Deposit & loan; D. General,
who benefits from this custodian industrial,
institution property; money craft, white-
E. Addresses issues remittance; collar
concerning multiple currency exchange E. Retail,
nations. E. Uses the power of commercial,
information to investment,
influence the agriculture,
state’s behavior central
towards policy
making.

B. Financial mediator D. Deposit & loan; E. Retail, commercial,

custodian property;money
bank between producers investment,
remittance; currency
and consumers exchange agriculture, central

B. Employment; loans
a. Group of people money from a. Profit, Non-
corporation financial
legally acting “as one” profit

institutions

D. Owners and financiers C. Credit,

C. Elects the board of
are the same people who consumer, producer,
cooperative members; benefits
benefits from this service, multi-
all members
institution purpose

C. The power rests upon

D. General,
A. Protects the rights

labor union the big number of industrial,

of the workers
members craft, white-
collar
E. Uses the power of

information to
E. Addresses issues B. Human rights, anti-
transnational advocacy influence the

concerning multiple terrorism

group state’s behavior
nations.
towards policy
making.

are groups and organizations that operate outside the

support of any state or government. They are referred to be “stateless” since they are
considered to be independent of any state, although, they usually collaborate with the
government in implementing projects. Non- state institutions assume different
functions and focus on a specific objective.
In general, they develop certain services needed by members of the society for
their progress.

VII. Evaluation (Second Quarter – Quiz 5)

A. Time Frame: 30 minutes
Refer to the pool of words and identify the concepts being described in the following
statements.

Consumer Producer Redistribution Tax Resource

market
“...you will never know the value of each drop of water until you carry your own pail.”

5
Understanding Culture, Society and Politics – Module 6 Page of 7
 product transfer
Government Reciprocity Subsidy
market payment
___________1.
Reciprocity It refers to the direct exchange of goods and services.
product market It is the marketplace where finished products are sold.
___________2.

Subsidy
___________3. It is a sum of money granted by the government to assist a
business.
Consumer
___________4. It refers to a person who purchases goods and services for
personal use.
transfer payment
___________5. It refers to social services that are offered free to the public in
exchange of their taxes.
Resource market It is the marketplace where raw materials are gathered and formed
___________6.
to produce goods and services.
___________7. It refers to the movement of goods and services from a central
Redistribution
authority to the members of society.
producer
___________8. It refers to a person, company, or country that makes, grows, or
supplies goods or commodities for sale.
government It is described as the mediator between the consumer and producer
___________9.
in monitoring their economic activities and collection of taxes.
___________10.
tax This refers to a compulsory contribution to state revenue collected
through workers' income and business profits, or added to the cost
of some goods, services, and transactions.

VIII. Reflection: Meet my Family

B. Categorize the following into the types of non- state institution.

Bank cooperative transnational advocacy

corporation trade union group

___________11.
transnational advocacy group Kilusang Mayo Uno.
Bank
___________12. Bank of the Philippine Islands.
___________13.
corporation Coca- cola group of companies.
___________14.
trade union Katipunan ng Anak- Pawis sa Pilipinas.
cooperative
___________15. A group of teachers representing the whole Espian faculty in
dialogue with the school director.

Time Frame: 20 minutes

Have you heard of how Buddhists eat their meals? They practice what they call
as “silent meal.” It is basically how we, Filipinos, have our meals but this Buddhist
practice encourages people to be mindful of the things that made their eating possible.
Buddhists take their seat side by side and eat their bowl of meal as silent as possible.
While eating, they think of the people who worked hard to produce what they are having
in the table.
Your task is to practice “silent meal” in your own homes. While eating, think of
the farmers who tilled their lands and took good care of the grains of rice served in your
dining table. While you are at it, think of other people and industries who participated in
the production of what you are having for your dinner and thank them in your own way.
Write a simple reflection of your activity.
______________________________________________________________________
Given that meals are prepared for us on a daily basis, our generation should continue to
practice silent eating. We should acknowledge and appreciate the farmer's labor of love
______________________________________________________________________
and be grateful that we able to eat frequently enough to support a healthy meals for
______________________________________________________________________
everyday living thanks to our farmer's labor.

“...you will never know the value of each drop of water until you carry your own pail.”

6
Understanding Culture, Society and Politics – Module 6 Page of 7