P.V.

P SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

BRANCH: EEE REGULATION: PVP 20
Course: B. Tech SUBJECT: POWER SYSTEMS ANALYSIS
Subject Code: 20EE3603 Year and Semester: III & II
QUESTION BANK

UNIT I

Q.
NO QUESTION CO LEVEL
.
a) Outline the advantages of per unit system also explain the need of PU
CO5 L4
System.
1
b) Explain the procedure of obtaining impedance/reactance diagram from
CO1 L2
single line diagram.
a) Show that the Per Unit impedance of a transformer referred to either
CO2 L3
side is same.
2 b) Deduce the following relation
CO5 L4

a) Develop per unit impedance in terms of base MVA and base KV for a
CO2 L3
3 three phase system.
b) What are the assumptions made in drawing single line diagram of the
CO1 L2
power network? List any two applications of series reactors
a) Illustrate the expression for symmetrical short circuit MVA of a power
CO2 L3
4 system network at any point ‘P’ using reduction techniques.
b) Explain the effect of various types of series reactors in power system. CO2 L3
Develop the PU diagram for the below given circuit with generator
parameters as base value.

5 CO2 L3

Sketch the per unit reactance diagram of the system shown below. Selecting
generator ratings as base quantities.

6 CO2 L3

7 The one-line diagram of a 3-phase power system is shown in figure. Draw CO2 L3
the reactance diagram with all impedances including the load impedance
marked in per unit. Select a common base of 100MVA and 22kV on the
generator side.
 Lines 1 and 2 have reactances of 48.4 and 65.43 respectively. The three
phase load at bus 4 absorbs 57MVA at 0.6pf lag at 11KV.
Draw the per unit reactance diagram for the power systems shown below.
Neglect resistance and use a base of 100MVA, 220KV in 50 ohms line. The
ratings of the generator, motor and transformers are
G: 40 MVA, 25 KV, X’’ = 20%
M: 50 MVA, 11 KV, X’’ = 30%
T1:40 MVA, 33 Y / 220 Y KV, X = 15%
T2: 30 MVA, 11 Δ /220Y KV, X = 15% CO2 L3
8

Generator G1 and G2 are identical and rated 11KV, 20MVA and have a
transient reactance of 0.25 p.u at own MVA base. The transformers T1 &
T2 are identical and are rated 11/66KV, 5 MVA and have a reactance of
0.06p.u to their own MVA base. The tie line is 50km long, each conductor
has a reactance of 0.848/Km. The three phase fault is assumed at F, 20km
from generator G1 as shown in the figure. Find the short circuit current.
9 CO2 L3

A 3-phase transmission line operating at 33kV and having a resistance and

reactance of 5 and 20 is connected to a generating station bus bar
through a 15MVA step up transformer which has a reactance of 0.06pu.
Connected to the bus bar are two generators one 10MVA, 0.1pu reactance
and other 5MVA having 0.075pu reactance. Calculate the fault current and
short circuit MVA when a 3 short circuit occurs at HV terminals of
transformer.
10 CO5 L4
 UNIT-II
Q.
LEVE
NO QUESTION CO
L
.
a) Classify the types of buses exiting in power system CO
L4
4
1
b) Analyze the static load flow equations of a power system network. CO
L4
4
Prepare the Ybus by using direct inspection method for the network shown in
Figure.

CO
2 L3
3

For the given data find the bus admittance matrix using direct inspection
method.

CO
3 L3
3

Write an algorithm for Gauss-Seidel Load flow method when PV buses are CO
4 L3
present 3
With the help of a flow chart explain the Gauss seidel method of load flow CO
5 L3
solution. How PV buses are considered in the equations? 3
A two bus system is shown in below figure. Solve for the bus 2 voltage at the
end of first iteration by G-S method. The elements of bus admittance matrix
are Y11= Y22= 1.5 |_ -86° P.U and Y21=Y12= 1.8|_110° P.U.

CO
6 L3
3
 Using Gauss-Seidel method, determine the phasor values of the voltage at load
buses 2 and 3 (P-Q buses) to 4 decimal places. For the fig. shown

CO
7 L4
4

a) Write the assumptions made in conducting DC load flow analysis. Derive CO

L3
the DC load flow equations. 3
b) Below fig. shows a sample two bus system. Using Gauss seidel method,
find the voltage magnitude and phase angle of bus2. Use base MVA = 100
8 and acceleration factor=1.4.
CO
L3
3

The system data for a load flow problem are given in Table 1 and Table 2.
i. Compute Ybus.
ii. Determine bus voltages at the end of 1st iteration by Gauss-Seidel method.
Take acceleration factor as 1.6

CO
9 L4
4

Figure below shows the single-line diagram of three-bus power system with
generation at bus 1. The scheduled loads at buses 2 and 3 are as marked on
the diagram. Line impedances are marked in per unit on 100 MVA base and
the line charging susceptances are neglected. Find the bus voltages using GS
method

CO
10 L4
4
 UNIT-III

S.NO QUESTION CO LEVEL

Describe the Newton-Raphson method for the solution of power flow
1 equations in power system deriving necessary equations (polar CO1 L2
coordinates from).
Draw the flow chart and write the algorithm for Newton Raphson
2 method load flow solution with necessary equations (polar coordinates CO3 L3
form).
For a 3 bus system where each bus is connected to the remaining two
buses, the series impedance and shunt admittance of each line are
0.026+j0.11 p.u andj0.04 p.u respectively. The bus data is given below

3 CO3 L3

At bus 2, minimum and maximum reactive power limits are 0 and 0.8
p.u. Find the bus voltages after the first iteration using NR method.
Deduce the expressions for elements of Jacobian matrix in Newton
4 CO4 L4
Raphson method of solving load flow equations.
Consider the single line diagram of a power system shown in figure.
Take bus 1 as slack bus and Ybus matrix is given below:

5 CO4 L4

Using N-R method, determine bus voltages for one iteration

a) Explain is the need for a slack bus or reference bus? CO1 L2
6
b) Discuss the advantages and limitations of Newton Raphson method CO1 L2
In the two-bus system shown in Fig. Bus 1 is a slack bus with V 1 =
1.0∟0o p.u. Using Newton-Raphson method, determine voltage
magnitude and phase angle of bus 2. Start with an initial estimate of |
V2| (0) =1.0 p.u and δ2 (0) = 0o. Perform single iteration and select base
MVA as 100.
7 CO3 L3

With the help of a neat flow chart, explain the Newton-Raphson

8 method of load flow solution when the system contains voltage CO3 L3
controlled buses in addition to swing bus and load bus
 Compare the Gauss-Seidel and Newton-Raphson method for power
9 CO4 L4
flow solution.

10 CO3 L3
Figure shows the one-line diagram of a simple three-bus power system
with generation at buses 1 and 3. The voltage at bus 1 is V 1 is 1.025 at
an angle of 0◦ per unit. Voltage magnitude at bus 3 is fixed at 1.03 pu
with a real power generation of 300 MW. A load consisting of 400
MW and 200 MVAr is taken from bus 2. Line impedances are marked
in per unit on a 100 MVA base.
(a) Construct Ybus matrix for the system in Figure
(b) Using Newton Rapson method and initial estimate of
V2(0) = 1.0 + j0 and V3(0) = 1.03 + j0 and keeping |V3| = 1.03 pu,
determine the phasor values of V2 and V3.

UNIT-IV

Q.No QUESTION CO LEVEL

a) Deduce an expression for finding the fault current of a LLG of an
CO5 L4
unloaded generator.
b) A star connected three phase synchronous generator has a solidly
grounded neutral and feeds a line upon which there is a fault. The total
1 impedances up to the fault are as follows:
Positive sequence impedance Z1=j3.2Ω CO2 L3
Negative sequence impedance Z2 = j1.9Ω
Zero sequence impedance Z0 = j1.6Ω.
If the generator induced voltage is 11kV, Calculate the LG fault current
a) Develop the expression for voltage in terms of symmetrical
CO2 L3
2 components.
b) Deduce an expression for the positive sequence current Ia1 of an
CO5 L4
unloaded generator when it is subjected to a line to ground fault.
a) Explain briefly about symmetrical components used in power system
CO1 L2
fault analysis.
3
b) Develop an expression for fault current when line to line fault occurs
CO2 L3
on the terminals of an unloaded alternator.
a) Three phase voltages across a certain unbalanced 3- load are given
as ER = 176-j132; EY = -128-j96 and EB= -160+j100. Find Positive, CO2 L3
Negative and Zero sequence components of voltage ER.
4
b) Derive the expression for fault current for a LG fault at the terminals
of an unloaded alternator with Fault impedance is Z f. Show the CO2 L3
interconnection of sequence networks.
 The line-to-line voltages in an unbalanced three-phase supply are V ab 
5 1000  00 , V bc  866   1 500 and V ca  500 1200 . Determine the CO5 L4
symmetrical components for line and phase voltages.
The line to ground voltages on high voltage side of step up transformer
are 100 kV, 33 kV and 38 kV on phases a, b & c respectively. The
6 voltages of phase ‘a’ lead that of phase ‘b’ by 100 0 and lag that of phase CO5 L4
‘c’ by 176.5o. Determine analytically the symmetrical components of
voltages.
Explain interconnection of sequence networks for a LLG fault in power
7 CO1 L2
system network with necessary equations.
A 50 MVA, 12.6 kV, 3-phase, 50Hz generator has its neutral earthed
through a 7% reactor. It is in parallel with another identical generator
having its neutral earthed through a 5% reactor. Each generator has
8 CO2 L3
positive, negative and zero sequence reactance’s which are 10%, 7% and
5% respectively. When line to ground short circuit occurs in the common
bus bar, find the fault current.
A 3 phase star connected alternator is rated 30 MVA, 13.8 kV and has
the following sequence reactance values: X1= 0.25 pu; X2=0.35pu and
Xo=0.l0 pu. The neutral of the alternator is solidly grounded. Determine
9 CO5 L4
the line currents when a line to ground fault occurs on its terminals.
Assume that the alternator is unloaded and is operating at rated voltage
when the fault occurs.
a) What do you understand by positive, negative and zero sequence
impedances? Discuss them with reference to synchronous generators, CO1 L2
transformers and transmission lines.
10
b) Calculate the symmetrical components of the following set of
unbalanced currents Ia = 1.6 ∠2500 Ib ,= 1.0 ∠1800 Ic= 0.9 ∠1320. CO2 L3
Also find out the neutral current

UNIT-V

BLOOMS
S.NO QUESTION CO
LEVEL
Calculate the steady state power limit of a system consisting of a
generator with synchronous reactance of 0.5 p.u connected to an
1 infinite bus through a transmission line having reactance 1 p.u. The CO1 L2
terminal voltage of the generator is held at 1.2 p.u and the infinite bus
voltage is 1 p.u.
a) A 4-pole, 50 Hz, 26 kV turbo alternator has a rating of 100 MVA,
p.f 0.8 lag. The moment of inertia of rotor is 8000 kg-m2. Determine CO4 L4
2
M and H.
b) Analyze different methods of improving steady state stability CO4 L4
3 Deduce the expression for the swing equation of a power system. CO4 L4
Define and briefly explain the terms with respect to stability
i) Steady state stability power limit.
4 CO1 L2
ii) Transfer Reactance.
iii) Synchronizing power coefficient.
What is Equal area Criterion? Discuss the application of Equal area
5 criterion for the System Stability when a sudden change in CO1 L2
mechanical input.
 Explain Steady state, dynamic state and transient state stability of a
6 CO1 L2
synchronous machine.
A synchronous generator of reactance 1.20p u is connected to an
infinite bus bar (Vl = 1.0p u) through transformers and a line of total
reactance of 0.60 pu. The generator no load voltage is 1.20 pu and its
inertia constant is H = 4 MW-s/MVA. The resistance and machine
7 CO4 L4
damping may be assumed negligible. The system frequency is 50 Hz.
Calculate the frequency of natural oscillations if the generator is
loaded to
(i) 50% and (ii) 80% of its maximum power limit.
8 Explain about power angle curve CO1 L2
9 Examine the methods of improving transient stability. CO4 L4
A 50-Hz, 4-pole turbo generator rated 100 MVA, 11 KV has an
inertia constant of 8 MJ/MVA. Determine:
i) The stored energy in the rotor at synchronous speed.
ii) If the mechanical input is suddenly raised to 80 MW for an
10 electrical load of 50 MW, find the rotor acceleration, neglecting CO4 L4
mechanical and electrical losses.
iii) If the acceleration calculated in part (b) is maintained for 10
cycles, find the change in torque angle and rotor speed in revolutions
per minute at the end of their period.

Course Coordinator Dr. Ch.Padmanabha Raju