Carica Papaya Extract

as Chalkboard
Cleaner:
Its Effectiveness

A Research Project
Submitted as an Entry to the
DISTRICT SCIENCE FAIR

Applied Science – Pupil Team Category

2016
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE…………………………………………………………………………………1

ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………..2

ACKNOWLEDGMENT………………………………………………………………3

TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………….4

INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………….5

Background of the Study…………………………………………………………...6

Statement of the Problem…………………………………………………………..6

Hypotheses…………………………………………………………………………..6

Significance of the Study…………………………………………………………..6

Scope and Delimitation……………………………………………………………..6

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE …………………………………………..7

METHODOLOGY………………………………………………………………….10

Materials and Equipments………………………………………………………..10

Data collection phase……………………………………………………………..11

RESULTS and DISCUSSIONS…………………………………………………..13

Findings and Analysis of Data…………………………………………………...13

SUMMARY/CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS

Conclusions………………………………………………………………………..14

Recommendation………………………………………………………………….14

Bibliography………………………………………………………………………..15

1
 Abstract

The purpose of the study was to make a product that was made from papaya leaf extract. The
researchers realized that papaya leaves only generate garbage after the tree’s fruit had been
put to use. This product will be used as cleaner for chalkboards. It will help maintain the quality
of the chalkboard. The researchers’ aim is to make it economical because the primary objective
is that the product is for the public schools, colleges and universities’ consumption.

The researchers made a product made of papaya leaf extract with coconut oil and is referred as
Papaya Liquid Polish and the other with petroleum wax which was referred to as Papaya
Paste Wax. Papaya Liquid Polish contained 20 % oil and 80 % papaya leaf extract. Papaya
Paste Wax contained 50 % petroleum jelly and 50 % papaya leaf extract.

The following products were applied to a board divided into 3 parts. The first part of the board
was applied with water which is the traditional way of cleaning the chalkboard, Product A was
applied to the second part and Product B to the third part.

Questionnaires were given and the answers for the survey were analyzed by finding the
Frequency.

The overall result of the survey concerning the product made from papaya leaf extract shows
that Papaya Leaf Extract Paste has the highest significant effect as a chalkboard cleaner
compared to water and Papaya leaf extract paste wax.

The researchers therefore concluded that Papaya Leaf Extract Liquid Polish and Papaya Leaf
Extract Paste Wax are effective chalkboard cleaner.

2
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers wish to convey sincere thanks, appreciation and gratitude

to the following that paved the way for the completion of this research.
MR. RUDY FRAN FALCUNITIN, our school principal for his concern, valuable
suggestions, guidance and instructions that made the researcher become more
inspired and persuasive about this study.
MS. ROSALIE LOPEZ SERRANO, our research adviser for her
assistance and untiring encouragement to pursue this work.
To our beloved parents and guardians for their endless and unselfish
support that made this work possible.
Above all, the LORD GOD, for whom all the knowledge, wisdom, strength,
perseverance, and determination emanates and without His guidance, this
research would not be reality.

3
 INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Papaya plant with scientific name of Carica Papaya is a topical fruit

which grown locally here in the Philippines. The papaya plant is a large herb that

growth rapidly, producing a soft wood and its height can be reached of more than

twenty-five feet. The plant did not consume much time to growth and bears fruit

within a year, continuing to do so for another two years before the tree is cut

down (Masito, 2010).

Papaya tree ( Carica Papaya) is well known for its fruit. This accounts to its

content compound. It has been studied that the fruit of the papaya is composed

of an important compound called papain, a proteolytic enzyme. In medicine,

papain is used for the treatment of dyspepsia and other digestive disorder. In

industry, it is used as meat tenderizer, beer clarifier, serves as an adjunct in

rubber manufacturing. Papain can also be found in found in its leaves.

Tannin can also be found in the leaves of the papaya plant. Tannin in

industry are used for dying and ink-making.

Petroleum and oil by nature is hydrophobic. This means that they restrain

water from getting into any surface thus making the object waterproof.

Via descriptive study, the researchers attempted to produce products from

papaya leaf extract that can be used as an effective chalkboard cleaner. This will

4
lessen the cost of maintenance of public school equipments and facilities

specifically the chalkboard.

Statement of the Problem

The researchers want to make a product which is made from Papaya Leaf

Extract that is effective in cleaning the board. It must maintain the neatness,

luster and shine, and printability of the chalkboard. At the same time, it must

be affordable since it is designed to be used in public schools, colleges and

universities in the Philippines.

Specifically, It sought answer to the following questions:

1. How can we make use of the leaves of the papaya leaves into something

useful?

2. How can papaya leaf extract be used as a major ingredient of the cleaner?

3. How printable do the chalkboards look in terms of their neatness, luster and

shine, and printability?

Research Hypothesis:

In the conduct of the experimental type of research the following

hypothesis were tested:

1. Carica Papaya leaves extract with coconut oil (liquid) as a cleaning agent

for chalk board will not

maintain the neatness, shine, and printability.

5
2. Carica Papaya leave extract with petroleum jelly (paste) as a cleaning

agent for chalkboard will not maintain the neatness, shine, and printability.

Significance of the Research

This experimental study aims to produce an environmental-friendly

organic product and available in our community. The Carica Papaya leaves

extract will help to maintain the quality of the chalkboards in terms of neatness,

shine, and printability in a selected elementary school in Valenzuela City. By

maintaining the quality of the chalk board less financial need of the school.

The study will help to generate awareness on the different benefits of

Carica Papaya plant, both fruits and leaves. And for future study to be

conducted on other uses.

Scope and Limitation

The study focuses on the use of Carica Papaya leaves extract in two

preparation. One in liquid form Papaya extract plus coconut oil. Second in

paste form from papaya extract with petroleum jelly. Both product were used to

clean the chalk board daily after classes.

The study will be conducted in a selected elementary school in Valenzuela and

delimited on wood chalkboard of # rooms the school. Questionnaires will be

distributed to the teachers who uses the chalkboard and rate the quality of the

chalkboard every after the application of the set product. The chalkboard will

be divided into portion and one portion will apply the liquid and the other the

paste wax.

6
 Chapter 2

METHODOLOGY

A. Production of the Cira Papaya Extract

The leaves were cut into small pieces and washed thoroughly first in order

to remove the unnecessary substances that are contaminating the leaf. Then,

150 ml of 70% ethyl alcohol were mixed to 100 grams of leaves and were

placed in a 1000 ml Erlenmeyer flask, covered with a glass funnel and was

water bathed for 10 minutes under 80 c. After 10 minutes, the leaves together

with the solvent were ground using a blender. The ground leaves were placed

back in the Erlenmeyer flask, covered with glass funnel and water bathed for

one hour under 80 c. After one hour of water bathing, squeezing method was

done in order to separate the liquid extract together with the solvent from the

solid pieces of the leaves by the use of the fine cloth. The extract obtained was

placed in a bottle and was kept open for the solvent to continuously evaporate.

The solvent extraction was able to produce 80 ml of papaya leaf extract.

B. Production of the Cleaning Agent

1. Liquid Polish

80% or 40 ml of papaya leaves extract were added to 20% or 10 ml of coconut

oil. The product will be continuously mix for at least 20 minutes under 60

degree centigrade heat. After heating and mixing the liquid polish was placed

on a clean bottle or container.

7
2. Paste Wax

50% or 20 ml of melted petroleum jelly under 80 degrees centigrade heat

and 50% or 20 ml of papaya leaves extract mixed well for 30 minutes under 80

degrees centigrade heat. Remove from heat and continuously mixing until the

solution become paste.

C. Application

The researchers done a pilot study, under the supervision of our coach/adviser

Ms. Rosalie Lopez Serrano using an old children chalk board, divided into 3

portion. One uses paste solution (papaya leaves extract with petroleum jelly),

second using tap water as a control, third with liquid solution (papaya leaves

extract with coconut oil). Write some chemical formulas to check on the

printability, erase with a piece of dry cotton cloth eraser to check on the

neatness, and lastly try to write some word to check again for the printability.

8
 FLOWCHART OF PROCEDURE

Wash 100 g of Papaya leaves and 150 ml of 70% ethyl

alcohol and water bath for 10 minutes under 80 º C

Grind leaves using blender water bathed for 1 hour under

80 º C

Squeeze the ground leaves using a fine cloth (lampin)

Let solution open for 5 hours to let the 70% ethyl alcohol
evaporate

PAPAYA LIQUID PAPAYA PASTE

Grind leaves using blender water bathed for Grind leaves using blender water bathed
1 hour under for 1 hour under
80 º C 80 º C

9
 Chapter IV

Presentation, Analysis and interpretation of Data and Results

Table 1

Solvent Extraction

Leaves Grams Extract in ml

2 ½ leaves 100 g 80 ml

Table 2

Papaya Leaf Oil Polish

Papaya Extract Coconut Oil Product

40 ml 10 ml 50 ml

Table 3

Papaya Leaf Paste Wax

Papaya Extract Petroleum Jelly Paraffin Wax Product

25 ml 18.6 g 4.6 g 25 g

The table shows that the Papaya Leaf oil Extract Oil Polish contains 40 ml

papaya extract and 10 ml coconut oil. The end product is 50 ml. Additional oil

will make the product too oily thus, affecting the printability of the chalkboard.

Papaya leaf Extract Paste Wax contains 25 ml of papaya leaf

extract, 18.6 g of petroleum jelly and 4.6 g of paraffin wax. The end product

10
weights 25 g. Petroleum Jelly was used to make the product into paste and

paraffin wax helps it to solidify.

Interpretation of Tables of Data Survey

The following scales were used in describing the performance of water,

papaya leaf extract paste wax or papaya leaf extract liquid polish as writing

board cleaner:

5 - very good

4 - good

3 - fair

2 - poor

1 - very poor

After collecting and analyzing the survey data sheet, the following tables show

the result. Finding the Mean Scores was used in analyzing and interpretation

of the data result.

The respondents of this survey were third year students of Bachelor of

Secondary Education in Philippine Normal University. Thirty respondents from

Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Biology and twenty respondents

from Bachelor of Secondary Education major in General Science. The total

number of respondents is fifty. The survey was done on February 21 and 23,

2006 at Philippine Normal University.

11
The following tables are the result and interpretation of the collected data from

the survey:

Table 4

Water

Neatness

Scale Frequency

5 0

4 5

3 19

2 20

1 6

50

Luster and Shine

12
Scale Frequency

5 0

4 2

3 14

2 23

1 11

50

Printability

Scale Frequency

5 2

4 11

3 21

2 15

1 1

50

The table shows that the highest frequency of the neatness based on the

survey is scale 2 which appeared 20 times. This shows a poor performance.

In the case of the luster and shine test, it got a highest frequency of 23 in scale

2. This shows a poor performance which proved that water does not

contribute to the chalkboard’s luster and shine.

13
The printability test shows that water‘s performance got the highest frequency

of 21 in scale 3. This implies that the water has a fair performance on the

printability test.

Table 5

Papaya Leaf Extract Wax

Neatness

Scale Frequency

5 13

4 25

3 10

2 2

1 0

50

Luster and Shine

Scale Frequency

5 17

4 24

3 9

2 0

14
1 0

50

Printability

Scale Frequency

5 17

4 29

3 4

2 0

1 0

50

The table shows that the highest frequency of the neatness based on the

survey is scale 4 which appeared 25 times. This shows a good performance.

In the case of the luster and shine test, it got a highest frequency of 24 in scale

4. This shows a good performance which proved that water does not

contribute to the chalkboard’s luster and shine.

The printability test shows that water‘s performance got the highest frequency

of 29 in scale 4. This implies that the water has a good performance on the

printability test.

Table 6

Papaya Leaf Extract Liquid Polisher

15
Neatness

Scale Frequency

5 26

4 19

3 5

2 0

1 0

Luster and Shine

Scale Frequency

5 19

4 25

3 4

2 2

1 0

Printability

Scale Frequency

5 33

4 11

3 6

2 0

1 0

16
 The table shows that the highest frequency of the neatness based on the

survey is scale 5 which appeared 26 times. This shows a very good

performance.

In the case of the luster and shine test, it got a highest frequency of 25 in scale

4. This shows a good performance which proved that water does not

contribute to the chalkboard’s luster and shine.

The printability test shows that water‘s performance got the highest frequency

of 33 in scale 5. This implies that the water has a very good performance on

the printability test.

The overall result of the survey concerning the product made from papaya leaf

extract shows that Papaya Leaf Extract Liquid Polish has the highest

significant effect as a chalkboard cleaner compared to water and Papaya

leaf extract paste wax.

Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

Summary

17
 The purpose of the study was to make a product that was made from

papaya leaf extract. The researchers realized that papaya leaves only

generate garbage after the tree’s fruit had been put to use.

The study focuses only to the leaf of the papaya tree (Carica papaya ).The

researchers are expected to make a cleaner using this using the extract of the

papaya leaf for the maintenance of the chalkboard.

The researchers made a product made of papaya leaf extract with coconut oil

and is referred as Papaya Liquid Leaf Extract Polish and the other with

petroleum wax which was referred to as Papaya Leaf Extract Paste Wax. As

Papaya Leaf Extract Liquid Polish contained 20 % oil and 80 % papaya leaf

extract. Papaya Leaf Extract Paste Wax contained 10% paraffin wax, 40 %

petroleum jelly and 50 % papaya leaf extract.

The following products were applied to a board divided into 3 parts. The first

part of the board was applied with water which is the traditional way of

cleaning the chalkboard; Papaya Liquid Polish was applied to the second

part and Papaya Paste Wax to the third part.

Questionnaires were given and the answers for the survey were analyzed

by finding the Frequency.

The overall result of the survey concerning the product made from papaya leaf

extract shows that Papaya Leaf Extract Liquid Polish has the highest

significant effect as a chalkboard cleaner compared to water and Papaya leaf

extract paste wax.

18
Conclusion

The researchers therefore concluded that Papaya Leaf Extract Liquid

Polish and Papaya Leaf Extract Paste Wax are effective chalkboard cleaner.

Latex, with its property of being sticky, absorbs the chalk dust that is stuck on

the board. Tannin gives the green color that stays on the board making it more

printable. Oil and Wax makes it shiny. Oil and Wax are also responsible for

making the surface of the board waterproof so as no moisture could easily

penetrate and damage the board. Thus, making the board last longer. The

product is also cheap that a 100 ml liquid Polish or Paste Wax can be used in

chalkboards.

Recommendation

In the light of the foregoing, the following recommendation has been

drawn.

1. Similar study should be conducted using other kinds of plant leaves which

are abundant in the Philippines.

2. Fragrance can be added without alteration of the effect of the product.

19
3. Further study should be undertaken concerning the other possible uses of

the product with similar materials with that of a chalkboard like desk.

Bibliography

Carica Papaya

Medicinal Plants of the Philippines

20
Leaves, Tannins, and Latex

Encyclopedia Britannica, 1974

Leaf Chemistry

http://www.igiwax.com/100_apps.shtml

Cuticle

http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/Plant_Biology/leaves.ht

Barrett Mike (2012, February)

The Natural Benefits of Papaya leaf extract,

http://naturalsociety.com/benefits-of-papaya-leaf-extra/

Safa (2015, November)

15 Best Benefits of Papaya leaf juice for Skin, Hair, and Health

http://www.stylecraze.com/articles/benefits-of-papaya-leaf-for-skin-hair-and-

health/

21
22
Appendices

Survey Data Sheet

Name: (optional) ________________________ Date: _______________

Year and Section: _______________________

Direction: Please check the column that best describes the performance of water or papaya leaf

extract paste wax or papaya leaf extract liquid polisher as writing board cleaner using the following scales:

5 - very good

4 - good

3 - fair

2 - poor

1 - very poor

Water Papaya Leaf Extract Paste Papaya Leaf Extract

Wax Liquid Polish

5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1

1. Neatness

- blemish- free

- darkness of color (green

or black)

2. Luster and Shine

- smoothness

- shine

3. Printability

- clearness of letters

and text