By Veronika Nakonechna

Group 2

‘For Whom the Bell Tolls’ by Ernest Hemingway (pp. 344-345)

Phonetic peculiarities:

 The interesting fact is that the heroes sometimes pronounce pronouns like
‘you’, but sometimes use archaic form ‘thou’, as well as two forms ‘will’ and
‘willt’

Graphic peculiarities:

 ‘You art lovely’ – it was supposed to be ‘You are lovely’

Morphological peculiarities:

 Make-believe – two verbs were combined as a compound and the word

became a substantivized noun.

Grammar peculiarities:

 ‘She said that?’ – grammatically incorrect order and use of verb, it was
supposed to be ‘Did she say that?’
 ‘Then you know no such thing?’ instead of ‘Then don`t you know such a
thing?’
 ‘Thou wilt not be ashamed of me?’ instead of out-dated variant ‘Wilt not
thou be ashamed of me?’ or the present-day one ‘Will not you be ashamed of
me?
 The author often used endless structures for readers to accept the direct
speech as the chaotic flow of thoughts.

Lexical peculiarities:

 Archaic forms – nay, thou, hast, thy, thee, seest, wilt, thou, knowest –
stylistic potential of verbs
 The color of burnt gold – stylistic potential of an adjective
 Que va – meaning – ‘come on’ or ‘no way’ – foreign phrase from Spanish
 The author used a definite article before a proper noun ‘the Pilar’