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Prevalencia de Factores de Riesgo Que Alteran La Microbiota Intestinal en Niños Escolares Con Sobrepeso y Obesidad
Prevalencia de Factores de Riesgo Que Alteran La Microbiota Intestinal en Niños Escolares Con Sobrepeso y Obesidad
Miami
2022
2022 by South Florida Publishing
Copyright © South Florida Publishing
Text Copyright © 2022 The Author
Edition Copyright © 2022 South Florida Publishing
Executive Director: Barbara Luzia Sartor Bonfim Catapan
Diagramming: Lorena Simoni
Art Editing: Lorena Simoni
Review: The Author
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Editor-In-Chief
Edilson Antonio Catapan, South Florida Publishing, Miami, United States of America
Editorial Board
Adriana Karin Goelzer Leinig, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
Ana María Golpe Cervelo, Faculty of Economic Sciences and Administration,
Montevideo, Uruguay.
António Cardoso, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal.
Barbara Luzia Sartor Bonfim Catapan, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná,
Curitiba, Brazil.
Daniel Molina Botache, Uniminuto University, Bogota, Colombia.
Ernesto O'Connor, Argentine Catholic University, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Gustavo Símaro, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Rahmi Deniz Özbay, University of Marmara, Istanbul, Turkey.
Sema Yilmaz Genç, University of Kocaeli, Kocaeli, Turkey.
Sérgio António Neves Lousada, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.
Sergio Raul Jimenez Jerez, National Polytechnic Institute (IPN), México City, Mexico.
Susana Parés, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
Valeria Torchelli, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
International Data of Cataloging in Publication (CIP)
C357a Catapan, Edilson Antonio
Format: PDF
System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader
Access mode: World Wide Web
Includes: Bibliography
ISBN: 978-1-7361138-9-9
DOI: 10.47172/sfp2020.ed.0000035
The book “Advances and challenges of the health area vol.01”, edited and
published by South Florida Publishing, brings together eleven chapters that address
relevant topics in the context of health sciences and are available in Spanish.
Among the works presented is an analysis of the evolution of the Covid-19
pandemic through the Gompertz equation. Also a work that seeks to demonstrate the
prevalence of risk factors that alter the intestinal microbiota in overweight or obese
preschoolers and schoolchildren enrolled at the Mexican Institute of Social Security in
the southern region of Tamaulipas.
Another research in Tamaulipas is ongoing, this one with the objective of
determining the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in schoolchildren with
obsession in the Family Medicine Unit No. 77 of the region. Another work presented is
an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study, in order to
identify risk factors associated with intrauterine growth restriction in live newborns.
Another subject addressed is a project with the aim of evaluating the application
of the Escape Room as a technique to increase the dynamization and active
participation of two students in Physiology training. In addition, a subject addressed is
the incidence and lethality by Covid-19 in the indigenous regions of Mexico.
We would like to thank the authors who contribute with effort and dedication to
the concretização desse livro. We hope that it will also contribute significantly to the
debate and knowledge of the two issues addressed.
CHAPTER 01 .............................................................................................................. 1
COVID19 PANDEMIC EVOLUTION THROUGH GOMPERTZ’S EQUATION
Dr. Hector G. Riveros Rotgé
Dr. David Riveros Rosas
DOI: 10.47172/sfp2020.ed.0000036
CHAPTER 02 ............................................................................................................ 12
PREVALENCIA DE FACTORES DE RIESGO QUE ALTERAN LA MICROBIOTA
INTESTINAL EN NIÑOS ESCOLARES CON SOBREPESO Y OBESIDAD
Ricardo Salas Flores
Brian González Pérez
Raúl de León Escobedo
Verónica Olvera Mendoza
Gerardo Rivera Fernández
Alejandra Salas Galarza
Liliana Aurora Carrillo Aguiar
DOI: 10.47172/sfp2020.ed.0000037
CHAPTER 03 ............................................................................................................ 26
PREVALENCIA DE ALTERACIONES MÚSCULOESQUELÉTICAS EN NIÑOS
ESCOLARES CON OBESIDAD EN ATENCIÓN PRIMARIA
BrianGonzález Pérez
Ricardo Salas Flores
Raúl de León Escobedo
Liliana Aurora Carrillo Aguiar
Verónica Olvera Mendoza
Roandy Gaspar Hernández Carranco
Eduardo Mata Zaleta
Anaya Maldonado Aidaly
Alonso Ruiz María Esther
Manriquez Vazquez Jorge Alfredo
DOI: 10.47172/sfp2020.ed.0000038
CHAPTER 04 ............................................................................................................ 42
FACTORES DE RIESGO ASOCIADOS A RETRASO DEL CRECIMIENTO
INTRAUTERINO
Ricardo Salas Flores
Brian González Pérez
Raúl de León Escobedo
Verónica Olvera Mendoza
Hebert Huerta Martínez
José Eugenio Guerra Cárdenas
Alejandra Salas Galarza
Liliana Aurora Carrillo Aguiar
DOI: 10.47172/sfp2020.ed.0000039
CHAPTER 05 ............................................................................................................ 63
EXPERIENCIA DE ESCAPE ROOM DE FISIOLOGIA
María-Isabel Jiménez-Serranía
Noemí Yubero Postigo
Sonia M. Gallego Sandín
Inmaculada Fierro Lorenzo
Eduardo Miguel Velado
Raquel Martínez Sinovas
DOI: 10.47172/sfp2020.ed.0000040
CHAPTER 06 ............................................................................................................ 76
INCIDENCIA Y LETALIDAD POR COVID-19 EN LAS REGIONES INDÍGENAS DE
MÉXICO
Germán Vázquez Sandrin
Sebastián Vázquez García
DOI: 10.47172/sfp2020.ed.0000041
CHAPTER 07 ............................................................................................................ 96
EXTRACCIONES MÚLTIPLES Y REGULARIZACIÓN DE PROCESOS PARA LA
COLOCACIÓN DE PRÓTESIS TOTALES INMEDIATAS
Saralyn López y Taylor
Luz Elena Nápoles Salas
Olga Rocío Manzo Palomera
Belinda Pérez Santana
Sabrina del Rosario Pérez Santana
Ana Bertha Olmedo Sánchez
Rosa Patricia Gómez Cobos
María Guadalupe Galván Salcedo
Gabriela Gómez Gonzalez
Carlos Eduardo Bracamontes Campoy
DOI: 10.47172/sfp2020.ed.0000042
ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Among the risk factors for being overweight or obese,
13
birth by cesarean section, the absence of exclusive breastfeeding and exposure to
antimicrobials at an early age are recognized as factors that favor overweight. Within
the subject of the intestinal microbiota, the previously mentioned factors to favor
overweight are also linked to the alteration of the intestinal microbiota, which is why it
is suggested that an altered intestinal microbiota is a risk factor for being overweight
and obese. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the prevalence of risk factors that alter the
intestinal microbiota in preschool children and schoolchildren with overweight or
obesity. METHODS: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study, where it
was obtained through medical records in patients from 2 to 12 years of age, the history
of the route of birth, the diet of the first 6 months of life and the exposure to antibiotics
during The first year of life; 385 patients were required to establish a confidence index
of 95% and a margin of error of 5%, established by a calculation for a sample of finite
populations, knowing that the prevalence of overweight and obesity at the national
level is 34% and that the population age included in this study is 22 million in the
country. Data collection was carried out at Hospital General Regional # 6 Cd. Madero
Tamaulipas and at Family Medical Unit # 77 of the IMSS, Cd. Madero,
Tamaulipas.Descriptive statistics and measures of central tendency were applied.
RESULTS: Of the 385 overweight or obese patients studied, 60% were obtained by
cesarean section, 74.5% received feeding between exclusive and combined formula,
and 42% received antibiotics in the first year of life. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence
of caesarean sections according to the WHO in Mexico in 2017 is 45%, in this study a
prevalence of 60% was found, exclusive breast milk feeding in this country has a
prevalence of 15.5% and in this study it was 25.5 %; There is no study on the
prevalence of antibiotic use in the first year of life to be able to compare it with the 42%
registered in this study.
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1. INTRODUCCION
2. METODOS
3. RESULTADOS
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Respecto a la prevalencia de cada factor de riesgo, se obtuvo la prevalencia de
cada factor de riesgo, representada en la tabla 2.
Tabla 3: Presencia de los tres factores de riesgo (Cesárea, Lactancia no exclusiva y antibióticos)
Factores de riesgo Frecuencia Porcentaje
Presentes 87 22,6%
Ausentes 35 9,09%
Fuente: Los autores
A los pacientes que se les detectó la presencia o ausencia de los tres factores
de riesgo estudiados, se determinó la prevalencia de obesidad(percentil mayor a 97)
entre ellos, es representada en la tabla 4.
4. DISCUSIÓN
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factores de riesgo que alteran la microbiota intestinal en el universo estudiado, que
fue el de los pacientes pediátricos de edad comprendida de 2 a 12 años y que
contaban ya con un diagnóstico de sobrepeso u obesidad.Se comprobó la hipótesis al
demostrar que el 90.9% de la población estudiada cuenta con por lo menos un factor
de riesgo para alteración de la microbiota intestinal.
Se cumplió con el objetivo general de encontrar la prevalencia de los factores
de riesgo para alteración de la microbiota intestinal, y uno de los objetivos generales
fue el demostrar cual es el factor de riesgo que tiene mayor prevalencia entre los
estudiados, que fue el de la lactancia materna no exclusiva, siendo un 74.54% su
prevalencia, sin embargo, por estadística nacional la lactancia no exclusiva es menor
al 15% en nuestro país de acuerdo a registros del 2012, faltaría un registro actualizado
para demostrar si ha aumentado la lactancia materna exclusiva y poder compararla
con la de este estudio; por el momento da a entender este resultado que, aunque la
lactancia materna exclusiva es pobre en el país, en este estudio se encontró mayor
prevalencia de lactancia materna exclusiva que con el resto de la población.
Ante lo mencionado de la lactancia materna, el factor de riesgo que si fue mayor
al de los registros nacionales fue el de los nacimientos por cesárea, siendo 60% en
este estudio y 45% en la población general.No se puede demostrar por medio de este
estudio cuál de los tres factores de riesgo tiene más impacto en la alteración de la
microbiota intestinal.No se puede realizar una comparación de la prevalencia de
consumo de antibióticos en el primer año de vida porque no contamos con dicha
información en estudios publicados recientemente.
5. CONCLUSIONES
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