Universidad Internacional Del Ecuador

Tecnología de Materiales
JEFFRY REVILLA
23/03/2023
Selection of a Sustainable Structural Beam Material for Rural Housing in
Latin América by Multicriteria Decision Methods Means

Introduction
In this sense, telluric forces are an important parameter to consider an alternative
material that may be useful in social housing. taking urban areas as a reference,
how the support of slabs and roofs is widely carried out with steel deck since the
suppliers have promoted technical-constructive-economic advantages and
presented little damage and good energy dissipation.
There has also been a growth in the implementation of steel framing construction
systems as construction alternatives since it is seismic resistant, fast, and
effective. The application of steel for structures such as moment-resistant frames
can dissipate cyclic loads, prevent drift and improve structural rigidity, however,
this profile increases the structure.
the objective of this research is to make the best selection of an alternative
material for a structural beam on a social housing application, it must resist the
same forces, it should be a sustainable and accessible material, which is meant
to be found by software and bibliographical research, we compare the steel profile
by computer assisted simulation.

Material and Methods

The present investigation considers different stages with the objective of making
the selection of the best material to use as an alternative material for beams in
an application of rural housing and temporary shelter that have been used in the
region followed by a simulation of the necessary construction conditions for a
American country, using following the regulations with the use of CYPECAD and
Autodesk Inventor software.
The CES-Edupack 2019 software is used to find the candidate materials that
must resist under explored conditions and a list of candidate materials is
evaluated, where some of them are simulated as concrete reinforcement with the
synthesizer tool to use their properties for a final analysis. selection.
the steps followed come with the use of the multicriteria decision and methods,
these techniques need a weighting of the criteria that are going to be evaluated
where the entropy method probably gives a better rating to the performance of
the criterion that has a greater difference between candidates, the deviation
method gives an attribute to the criteria that has similarities with the other
alternatives. And the preference selection index method is a weighted property
method that measures criteria according to the performance of each alternative,
because the material must have differences that make them better or worse.
The VIKOR method since this method provides compromise solutions to multi-
criteria problems.
that includes conflicting criteria, in this case it is important to consider that the
criteria that are evaluated have a technical, environmental, and cost performance
that generally, VIKOR's compromise solution sometimes results in ties,
2.1. Determination of reference material for beam
Considering the earth movements caused by the Nazca oceanic plate in South
America, a regulation regarding one of these countries. The coastal region of
Ecuador is considered a type VI seismic zone with acceleration in reference to
the acceleration of gravity ≥50 g. In the 2016 earthquake, despite the fact that the
epicenter was located in Muise, the finite fault models showed that the extension
of the rupture went south to Manabí, being the most damaged region since it has
Type C soil.

Result and discussion

Entropy Method
Following the method expressed by Zhu et al., a decision matrix is developed
from the criteria of every material Equation, calculation of the normalized matrix
and the entropy calculation Equation and lastly the weight of each criterion
Equation.
Standard Deviation Method
method by the calculation of disperse values in function of the average Equation
and then the weight of each criterion is obtained Equation

Preference Selection Index Metho

the calculations start with the determination of minimum and maximum. Criteria,
matrix that uses the determination of beneficial (higher or better), and calculate
the non-beneficial, divergence level of the diversity of values Equation finally the
weight. Of every criteria Equation

Conclusions
• Since Latin America is under the Nazca plate, this has caused some of the
strongest earthquakes on record, in this sense, each nation has developed
different standards and codes for buildings to resist seismic events.
• Bamboo has proven to be a great building material around the world, but in this
case, it was also found to be the best in comparison to some other alternative
materials using mathematical and statistical techniques.
• In the CES EDUPACK 2019 software, which has a very important collection of
material information, but does not consider some native materials that are used.