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International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)

Volume 92 – No.6, April 2014

Outside
Outside Plant
Plant OSP
OSP

Core
Core Network
Network Central
Central Office
Office Distribution
Distribution Customer
Customer
Feeder
Feeder Network
Network Network
Network Premises
Premises

ONT-
1
bllee
p CCaab
FDT-1 DDrroop
2:4 1:16
GPON LT(1)
FAT-1
FAT-1
Voice
Voice Core
Core ONT-
Network
Network 16
OLT

FDT-2 1:16
2:4
FAT-2
FAT-2
Data
Data Core
Core
Network
Network
GPON LT(M) 1:16
FDT-N
2:4 FAT-3
FAT-3
ONT-
49
1:16

Downstream: 1490 nm, 2.488 Gb/s FAT-4


FAT-4
ONT-
Upstream: 1310 nm, 1.244 Gb/s 64

Fig. 1 GPON FTTH access network architecture

3.1 FTTH Core Network 3.4 FTTH Distribution Network


The core network includes the internet service provider ISP Distribution cable connects level-1 splitter (inside the FDT)
equipments (typically BRAS and AAA server), PSTN (packet with level-2 splitter. Level-2 splitter is usually hosted in a
switched or the legacy circuit switched) and cable TV pole mounted box called Fiber Access Terminal FAT usually
provider equipment. placed at the entrance of the neighborhood. In the design
adopted by this paper level-2 splitter is 1:16, which means
3.2 Central Office each FAT serves 16 homes. The fiber cable running between
The main function of the central office is to host the OLT and level-1 splitter and level-2 splitter is called level-2 fiber [2].
ODF and provide the necessary powering. Sometimes it might
even include some (or all) of the components of the core 3.5 User Area
network. In the user area, drop cables, or level-3 fibers [2], are used to
connect the level-2 splitter inside the FAT to the subscriber
3.3 FTTH Feeder Network premises. Drop cables have less fiber count and length ranges
The feeder area extends from optical distribution frames up to 100 meters. Drop cables are designed with attributes
(ODF) in the central office CO to the distribution points. such as flexibility, less weight, smaller diameter, ease of fiber
These points, usually street cabinets, called Fiber Disruption access and termination. For ease of maintenance, usually an
Frames FDT where level-1 splitters usually reside. The feeder aerial drop cable is terminated at the entrance of the
cable is usually connected as ring topology starting from a subscriber home with a Terminal Box TB, then an indoor drop
GPON port and terminated into another GPON port as shown cable connects the TB to an Access Terminal Box ATB reside
in Fig.1 to provide type B protection. Level-1 splitters with a inside the home. Finally a patch cord connects the ONT to the
spilt ratio of 2:4 have been employed by our design. This ATB.
type of splitters enables the feeder to be connected to 2 GPON
ports from one side (for type B protection) and feeds a total of It is most important that the optical fibers are distributed in
4 distribution cables from the other side. The fiber cable such a way that efficient design, construction, maintenance
running between the CO and level-1 splitter is called Level-1 and operation for FTTH is achieved. Therefore, in order to
fiber [2] determine the network architecture, design, construction,
maintenance, and operation approach for the optical access
network, and to select optical components for FTTH,
telecommunication companies should mainly consider the
followings: [10]

32

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