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SLIATE SRI LANKA INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION

(Established in the Ministry of Higher Education, vide in Act No. 29 of 1995)

Higher National Diploma in Information Technology

Second Year, First Semester Examination – 2020
HNDIT 2302 IT Project Management
Marking Scheme
Q1)

i. What is meant by Project Management?

Project management is “the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project
activities in order to meet project requirements” (03 Marks)
ii. What are the quadruple constraints of a project?
scope, time, cost and quality (04 Marks)
iii. Project management is accomplished through the use of the processes. Mention those five
processes?
 Project initiation
 Project planning
 Project execution
 Project monitoring and control
 Project closure
(05 Marks)
iv. Write two advantages of Using Formal Project Management?
 Better control of financial, physical, and human resources
 Improved customer relations
 Shorter development times
 Lower costs
 Higher quality and increased reliability
 Higher profit margins
 Improved productivity
 Better internal coordination

HNDIT Second year-IT Project Management 2020 Marking Scheme

  Higher worker morale
(Any two = 2*2.5 = 05 Marks)
v. Project life cycle and Product life cycle are different things. Do you agree with this
statement? Justify your answer?
Yes. Agree. Project life cycle and Product life cycle are different things
(02 Marks)
 Project life cycle appears in all projects, regardless of the products being produced.
 Product life cycle vary considerably based on the nature of the product.
(For the correct explanation 03 + 03 = 06 Marks)

[Total 25 Marks]
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Q2)

i. List three process in project integration management?

 Develop project charter
 Develop project management plan
 Direct and manage project execution
 Monitor and control project work
 Perform integrated change control
 Close the project or phase
(Any three 03 Marks)
ii. What did you understand by Interface Management?
Interface management involves identifying and managing the points of interaction
between various elements of the project. (04 Marks)
iii. A project management plan is a document used to coordinate all project planning
documents and help guide a project’s execution and control. Mention four Common
elements of a Project Management Plan?
 Introduction or overview of the project.
 Description of how the project is organized.
 Management and technical processes used on the project.
 Work to be done, schedule, and budget information.
(For the four elements = 05 Marks, Any three/two/one element/s = 02 Marks)
iv.

Project
Discounted
Year A cash
Cash flow
flows DF
0 -10000 1 -10000
1 5000 0.909 4545
2 4000 0.826 3304

HNDIT Second year-IT Project Management 2020 Marking Scheme 2

 3 3000 0.751 2253
4 1000 0.683 683
NPV 785
(2.5 Marks)

Project
Discounted
Year B cash
Cash flow
flows DF
1 -10000 1 -10000
2 1000 0.909 909
3 3000 0.826 2478
4 4000 0.751 3004
4 6750 0.683 4610.25
NPV 1001.25
(2.5 Marks)

Therefore, NPV of the project Y at 10% is 1001.25

We can see, the NPV of project Y is greater than the NPV of project X. Hence, the firm
should invest in project Y. (02 Marks)

v. Pravin Raaghav is considering acquiring a manufacture plant. The purchase price is Rs.1
236 100.00. The owners believe the plant will generate net cash inflows of Rs. 309
025.00 annually. It will have to be replaced in eight years. Use the payback method to
determine whether Pravin Raaghav should purchase this plant? Justify your answer?
Payback period= Initial investment/ Annual cash flow
Rs.1 236 100.00/ Rs. 309 025.00
= 4 years (04 Marks)
Yes, it is a good investment. Pravin Raaghav should purchase. (01 Mark)
Reason: It will lapse in eight years. But this investment going to pay self-back in
4 years. Therefore, it is a good investment according to the payback period.
(01 Mark)

[Total 25 Marks]
====================================================================
Q3)

i. What did you understand by Project Scope Management?

Project Scope Management includes the processes required to ensure that the project
includes all the work required, and only the work required, to complete the project
successfully (03 Marks)

HNDIT Second year-IT Project Management 2020 Marking Scheme 3

 ii. Name four approaches to develop Work Breakdown Structures?
 Analogy approach
 Top-down approach
 Bottom-up approach
 Mind-mapping approach (04 Marks)

iii. Mention five Suggestions for Improving User Input in Project Scope Management?
 Develop a good project selection process and insist that sponsors are from the user
organization.
 Place users on the project team in important roles.
 Hold regular meetings with defined agendas, and have users sign off on key
deliverables presented at meetings.
 Deliver something to users and sponsors on a regular basis.
 Don’t promise to deliver when you know you can’t.
 Co-locate users with developers.
(Any Five = 5 * 1 = 05 Marks)
iv. Describe the four kinds of task dependencies using diagram?

(For the complete answer 05 Marks, For the partial answer 02 Marks) Accept any
correct diagram
v. Assume that you are the project manager of KSNTG Pvt Ltd and have drawn up an outline
plan for the fabrication of a hardware component project.
a. Draw the precedence diagram/ Activity on Node (AON) network diagram for the given
fabrication of a hardware component project. On the diagram, compute Early Start
(ES), Early Finish (EF), Late Start (LS) and Late Finish (LF) time estimates and Total
Float(TF) for each activity.
Activity Description Preceded By Duration (in weeks)

HNDIT Second year-IT Project Management 2020 Marking Scheme 4

 A Preliminary design ….. 4
B Evaluation of design A 3
C Contract negotiation A 2
D Preparation of fabrication C 5
plant
E Fabrication of hardware B, D 2
product

Legend:

ES D EF

Activity Name

LS TF LF

(For the correct diagram (five nodes with estimated values according to the
legend) = 05 Marks)
b. Find the critical path and project duration.
Critical Path = Total Float (TF) is zero for the activities => A – C – D – E (02 Marks)
Project duration = 4 + 2 + 5 + 2 = 13 weeks (01 Mark)
[Total 25 Marks]

====================================================================

HNDIT Second year-IT Project Management 2020 Marking Scheme 5

Q4)

i. List three phases in Project Cost Management Process?

 Cost estimating
 Cost budgeting
 Cost control (03 Marks)
ii. Mention two typical Problems with IT Cost Estimates?
 Developing an estimate for a large software project is a complex task requiring a
significant amount of effort. Also estimates are done at various stages of the
project
 Many people doing estimates have little experience doing them.
(For any suitable two problems = 2 * 02 = 04 Marks)
iii. Six Sigma is “a comprehensive and flexible system for achieving, sustaining and
maximizing business success”. Six Sigma projects normally follow a five-phase
improvement process. Name those five phases?
 Define
 Measure
 Analyze
 Improve
 Control (05 Marks)
iv. What is the goal of Quality Assurance and Mention two techniques used in Quality
Assurance?
Goal: Continuous quality improvement / Satisfying the relevant quality standards for a
project (03 Marks)
Techniques: Benchmarking, Quality Audit (02 Marks)

v. The size of a development project is 35 000 Line of Codes. Find the value for average staff
and productivity for Embedded mode using basic COCOMO model.
(hint: E= 3.6 x (size) 1.26 TDEV= 2.5 x (E) 0.32 )

Size= 35 000/1000 kloc = 35 (01 Mark)

E= 3.6 x (size) 1.26

=
3.6 (35) 1.26 (01 Mark)

HNDIT Second year-IT Project Management 2020 Marking Scheme 6

TDEV= 2.5 x (E) 0.32

=
2.5 [ 3.6 (35) 1.26 ] . 0.32 (02 Marks)

Average Staff= Effort / TDEV

= (3.6 (35) 1.26 )/(2.5 [ 3.6 (35) 1.26 ] . 0.32 ) (02 Marks)

Productivity = Size / Effort

= 35/ (3.6 (35) 1.26 ) (02 Marks)

[Total 25 Marks]

====================================================================
Q5)

i. What is meant by Project Human Resource Management?

Project human resource management includes the processes required to make the most
effective use of the people involved with a project. (03 Marks)
ii. Briefly explain the following in Project Human Resource Management?
a. Staff Acquisition
Staffing plans and good hiring procedures are important in staff acquisition, as are
incentives for recruiting and retention (02 Marks)
b. Resource loading
Resource loading refers to the number of individual resources an existing project
schedule requires during specific time periods. Resource histograms show
resource loading (02 Marks)

iii. Mention five habits that project managers can apply to improve effectiveness on projects
according to the Covey’s 7 Habits?
 Be proactive
 Begin with the end in mind
 Put first things first
 Think win/win
 Seek first to understand, then to be understood
 Synergize
 Sharpen the saw
(Any Five = 05 Marks)
iv. List five Suggestions for Improving Project Communications?

HNDIT Second year-IT Project Management 2020 Marking Scheme 7

  Manage conflicts effectively.
 Develop better communication skills.
 Run effective meetings.
 Use e-mail effectively.
 Use templates for project communications
(Any Five = 05 Marks)

v. Risk is the “possibility of loss or injury” and understanding the risk is the responsibility
of Project Manager.
a. Mention the four risk identification tools and techniques?
 Brainstorming
 The Delphi technique
 Interviewing
 SWOT analysis (Four tools and techniques = 04 Marks)
b. What are the process responsibilities of project manager?
 Project issues
 Disseminating project information
 Mitigating project risk
 Quality
 Managing scope
 Metrics
 Managing the overall work plan (Any Four = 04 Marks)
[Total 25 Marks]

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HNDIT Second year-IT Project Management 2020 Marking Scheme 8