NEEDED CHANGES

TO PERSON-
ENVIRIONMENT
THEORY

ZACH MELLON
TOPICS
COVERED
Holland's Person-
Environment Theory
Critiques of Holland's
Theory
Similar Vocational
Theories
Common Reasons to
Change Careers
Additions to Person-
Environment Theory
 HOLLAND'S PERSON-
ENVIRONMENT THEORY

Alignment between a person and working

environment (Patton et al., 2016)
6 Personality Types
Realistic
Investigative
Artistic
Social
Enterprising
Conventional
Combination of top 2-3
CRITIQUES

Change in values or
responsibilities
throughout career
Impact of financial
compensation on
fulfillment or career
decision-making
process
Financial Obligations
SIMILAR
VOCATIONAL
THEORIES

Tiedman's Decision-Making
Model (1961)
Career path recycling
Inclusion of work-family
balance (Liu et al., 2019)
One will experience career
satisfaction if, "...the
workplace has similar
policies or cultures in
meeting both work and
family demands" (Liu et
al., 2019, p. 4).
 COMMON
REASONS TO
CHANGE CAREERS

Financial Work Personal

Outlook
Concerns Conditions Growth
 ADDITIONS TO
PERSON-
ENVIRONMENT THEORY

Maintain 6 Personality Types

Include compensation goals regardless of personality type (Ongoing
consideration throughout career)
$75,000 Study (Kahneman and Deaton, 2010)
"...it appears that college debt affects post-graduation
employment decisions...” (Rothstein and Rouse, 2011, p. 158)
Include Tiedman's career path recycling
Practitioners need to educate students on lifetime development
Consistent reexamination of career satisfaction using Holland's theory
and these additions
 REFERENCES

Duys, D. K., Ward, J. E., Maxwell, J. A., & Eaton-Comerford, L. (2008). Career counseling
in a volatile job market: Tiedman’s perspective revisited. The Career Development
Quarterly, 56(3), 232-241. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2008.tb00037.x
Kahneman, D., & Deaton, A. (2010). High income improves evaluation of life but not
emotional well-being. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107(38),
16489-16493.
Liu, P., Wang, X., Li, A., & Zhou, L. (2019). Predicting work-family balance: A new
perspective on person-environment fit. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1-13.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01804
Patton, L. D., Renn, K. A., Guido, F. M., & Quaye, S. J. (2016). Student development in
college: Theory, research, and practice (3rd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Rothstein, J., & Rouse, C. E. (2011). Constrained after college: Student loans and early-
career occupational choices. Journal of Public Economics, 95(1), 149-163.
QUESTIONS?