EXPERIENCE COLLEGE BEFORE COLLEGE

HIS 315L UNIT 2 STUDY GUIDE

Progressives, Moderns, and Traditionalists

HOW TO USE THE STUDY GUIDE

This study guide is designed to help guide your learning for this unit. Use this structure to generate
and organize terms, ideas, questions, and your own key insights from each lesson.

Think of this guide as a “living document”. As you read, discover, and learn from your course
materials, you should continue to add information and evidence from each lesson, and record your
responses to each unit Focus Question and each lesson’s Essential Question. By the end of the unit,
the work you do in this guide will become a thorough review sheet that you can use to study for the
Midterm, the Final Exam, and the exam essays.

PART 1: FOCUS QUESTION AND ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

Before you start your reading for this unit, take a look at the unit’s Focus Question (FQ). This question
will emphasize a theme related to the unit and guide students to recognize the significance of the
history being studied. Each lesson is connected to the unit’s FQ and is part of a network of
connections that can be used to answer the question.

Each lesson’s Essential Question (EQ) will summarize each day’s lesson. As you read, try to identify
information and evidence that can help you answer each question. When you find key passages, note
the page numbers and sources, so that you can access this information easily later for studying and
assessments.

FOCUS QUESTION:
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, many under-represented groups were denied their rights
and basic standards of living. In what ways did they pursue equal rights and privileges? How did
Americans navigate the tension between how they saw themselves in society and how society saw
them? 
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS: Citation
Directions: Review these questions before completing the reading assigned Before Class. Directions: Note page
numbers and sources from
the textbook
Lesson 2.1 In the OpenStax U.S. History assigned chapters, what were
openstax unit
Americans experiencing in terms of transformation and backlash to
progressive movements, modernity, and urbanism? 2 chapter 1

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Lesson 2.2 Who were the participants in the Progressive Movement and
what changes did they seek in American society and government?
Doc A

Lesson 2.3 How did World War I impact Americans in combat and on the
Home Front? How did Americans’ experiences during the war affect their openstax
beliefs and attitudes? unit 2 pg.6
Lesson 2.4 How did some Americans resist and reimagine societal
expectations and traditional roles during the 1920s? To what extent did openstax unit
the Progressive Era influence society during this decade? 2 pg. 9-11

Lesson 2.5 How did various groups try to create an “ideal America” in the
early 20th century? openstax
unit 2 pg. 3

Lesson 2.6 How did young people interpret progressive ideas, modernity,
and the pull for continuing tradition in the 1920s? Doc A & B

Lesson 2.7 How do historians analyze a primary source to interpret the n/a
past?

PART 2: INTRODUCTORY TERMS AND IDEAS

These terms are especially helpful in preparing for your Pre-Unit 2 Quiz, so make sure to read all
assignments for Lesson 2.1. Write the definition, time period and/or date, and historical significance of
each term in the space provided, and connect each term to a course Big Idea (American Identities,
Reform and Renewal, Self and Society, Labor and Technology, America in the World). The time period
and dates will help you to construct historical chronologies in Part 4 of this guide.

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Terms Time Period Definition and Significance Course

and/or Big Idea
Date(s)
muckrakers any of a group of American
early writers identified with World War I 5
1919
reform or wrote exposure papers
Progressivism movement sought to improve life
1901 - in the industrial age by making 5
1917 changes and social
improvements
Alice Paul
a suffragist, and a women's right activist. was
1855- also the main leader for the campaign for the 1
1977 Nineteenth Amendment and organized the
Silent Sentinels protest
The Anti-Suffragist
Movement 1912- argued that most women did not want the
vote, fought for the idea of Women being
5
1916
caretakers and home bound

Booker T. Was born into slavery and went onto to

Washington 1856- become a famous business leader and
founding Tuskegee Normal and
1
1915
Industrial Institute

W.E.B. DuBois well known as one of the foremost

Black intellectuals, became NAACP's
1868-
director of publicity and research and 1
1963 starting the organization's official
journal,
Niagara Movement America's largest civil rights
organization, it was formed in New York 4
1905 City by white and Black activists, in
response to the violence against Black
Americans
National Association
a movement of African-American intellectuals
for the Advancement
1909 that was founded in 1905 at Niagara Falls by 1
of Colored People
prominent men, the movement was dedicated
(NAACP) to obtaining civil rights
Woodrow Wilson’s America's largest civil rights organization,
1913-
Early Efforts at it was formed in New York City by white 4
1917 and Black activists, in response to the
Foreign Policy violence against Black Americans

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Neutrality wanted to dismantle the imperial order by opening

up colonial holdings to eventual self-rule and all
1930 European sections of the Ottoman and Austro- 3
Hungarian empires to immediate independence

Lusitania the legal status arising from the

1915 abstention of a state from all
participation in a war between other
1
states

Zimmermann
German U-boat torpedoed the British-
telegram 1917 owned steamship Lusitania, an event 3
that led the U.S. into WWI

Women in WWI British cryptographers deciphered a telegram

1914- from German Foreign Minister Zimmermann to
1918 the German Minister to Mexico, offering U.S. to 2
Mexico

African Americans in
WWI 1914- most women served stateside on naval bases, 1
1918 replacing men who had deployed to Europe.

Prohibition
1915- over 380,000 African-Americans served
in the Army during World War I, fighting 4
1917 for the respect and basic human rights

Nativism
1870- enacted eighteenth amendment,
1930 which penalized the manufacture, 4
transportation, and sale of alcohol

Emergency the policy of protecting the interests

Immigration Act of of native-born or established
1921 3
1921 inhabitants against those of
immigrants.

Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

and the 2nd Ku Klux 1866-
Act to limit the immigration of migrants into
the United States, restricted the number of
Klan present immigrants admitted from any country 1
annually to 3% of the number of residents

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Scopes Monkey Trial used violence to ensure everyone who

wasn’t white would be uncomfortable
4
1925 and unsafe, a way for the white majority
to maintain power

The “New Woman” emerged during WWI not only in the women
and Flappers who took on new roles to support the war but 4
1920 in the posters that encouraged men to get
involved.

The Harlem
African-Americans migrated from the South to
Renaissance 1920- Northern cities, seeking economic and 1
1930 creative opportunities. Was a time for African-
Americans to embrace their culture

PART 3: ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS AND SIGNIFICANT TERMS

Now it’s your turn! Choose your own key terms based on the lesson EQs below, adding your own
definitions, time periods and/or dates, and historical significance. If you need more than the spaces
provided, feel free to add more pages to this guide. Think of these terms as evidence you can use to
build strong historical arguments, which will help you complete your assignments and exams for this
course. At the end of each lesson, write your own summary response to each lesson’s broad question.

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Lesson 2.2 The Progressives

Essential Question: Who were the participants in the Progressive Movement and what changes
did they seek in American society and government?
Terms Time Period
Definition and Significance Course
and/or Date(s)
Big Idea
responsible for protecting the public health by ensuring the
food and drug safety, efficacy, and security of human and veterinary
Administration 1906 drugs, biological products, and medical devices, and 3
ensuring the safety of our nation's food supply, cosmetics,
(FDA) and products that emit radiation

Net promoter score, or 'NPS', is a way of measuring

National Park customer satisfaction, s a benchmarking tool for
1916
customer satisfaction. The NPS method, is based on a 3
Service (NPS)
two-minute survey.

was the 25th President of the United States, serving from March 4,
1897, until his assassination on September 14, 1901, He presided
William McKinley 1843 over victory in the Spanish–American War of 1898; gained control of 4
Hawaii, Puerto Rico, the Philippines and Cuba; restored prosperity
after a deep depression

Summary Response to Lesson Question:

Republicans Theodore Roosevelt, Robert M. La Follette, and Charles Evans Hughes;

Democrats William Jennings Bryan, Woodrow Wilson, and Al Smith, furthering social and
political reform, curbing political corruption caused by political machines, and limiting the
political influence of large corporations.

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Lesson 2.3 Experiences of World War I

Essential Question: How did World War I impact Americans in combat and on the Home Front?
How did Americans’ experiences during the war affect their beliefs and attitudes?
Terms Time Period Definition and Significance Course
or Date(s)
Big Idea
the right of women by law to vote in national or local
elections. it resulted in the passage of the Nineteenth
Woman suffrage 1920
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which finally allowed 3
women the right to vote.

a leader of the Progressive Movement, was the 28th

Woodrow Wilson 1913 President of the United States,led America into war in 4
order to “make the world safe for democracy.”

American To protect the environment, public health, and quality of life

through securing policies and measures that ensure effective
Expeditionary 1917
limits on noise, was formation of the United States Army in
3
Forces (AEF) World War I.

Summary Response to Lesson Question:

On the home front, millions of women went to work, replacing the men who had shipped off to
war, while others knitted socks and made bandages. For African-American soldiers, the war
opened up a world not bound by America's formal and informal racial codes.

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Lesson 2.4 Moderns in 1920s Society

Essential Question: How did some Americans resist and reimagine societal expectations and
traditional roles during the 1920s? To what extent did the Progressive Era influence society during
this decade?
Terms Time Period Definition and Significance Course
or Date(s)
Big Idea
the 29th president of the United States. Harding was a determined
Warren G. president who did many important things in his two years serving,
1865 He conducted a front porch campaign, remaining mostly in Marion, 4
Harding and allowed the people to come to him. He promised a return to
normalcy of the pre-World War I period and won.

the production, distribution, and consumption of

Global Film Hollywood films around the world, supports 2.4
1895 3
Industry million jobs, pays out $186 billion in total wages,
and comprises over 122,000 businesses.
Entertainment Inc is an American film and entertainment studio
headquartered at Warner Bros established itself as a leader in
the American film industry before diversifying into animation,
Warner Bros 1923
television, and video games, and is one of the "Big Five" major
2
American film studios, as well as a member of the Motion
Picture Association

Summary Response to Lesson Question:

Sexual mores, gender roles, hair styles, and dress all changed profoundly during the
1920s, Women also joined the workforce in increasing numbers, participated actively
in the nation's new mass consumer culture, and enjoyed more freedom in their
personal lives.

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Lesson 2.5: Traditionalists Call for Normalcy

Essential Question: How did various groups try to create an “ideal America” in the early 20th
century?
Terms Time Period Definition and Significance Course
and/or
Date(s)
Big Idea

the American Our nation’s guardian of liberty, defend and preserve

the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to all
Civil Liberties 1920
people in this country by the Constitution and laws of
3
Union (ACLU) the United States

the faith, practice, and church order of the Roman Catholic

Catholicism 30 A.D Church. been the decisive spiritual force in the history of 4
Western civilization.

the faith, practice, and Church order of the Protestant

Churches. It resulted in the creation of a branch of
Protestantism 1517 Christianity called Protestantism, a name used collectively to
4
refer to the many religious groups

Summary Response to Lesson Question:

The American Dream is the national ethos of the United States, a set of ideals including representative
democracy, rights, liberty, and equality, in which freedom is interpreted as the opportunity for individual
prosperity and success, as well as upward social mobility for oneself and their children.

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Lesson 2.6: Kids These Days

Essential Question: How did young people interpret progressive ideas, modernity, and the pull for
continuing tradition in the 1920s?
Terms Time Period Definition and Significance Course
and/or
Date(s)
Big Idea
an American sociologist and professor at Columbia
Robert S. University, their research, and descriptions of small-town life
1892 during the groundbreaking "Middletown studies of Muncie, 4
Lynd Indiana, the first systematical, sociological study of a
community in the United States

an American sociologist, social philosopher,

Helen 1896
educator, and author. conducting the first Middletown
4
Merrell Lynd studies of Muncie, Indiana, with her husband, Robert
Staughton Lynd; as the coauthor of Middletown

Civil War vet John Carter is transplanted to Mars,

John F. where he discovers a lush, wildly-diverse planet whose
1887 main inhabitants are 12-foot-tall green barbarians. 4
Carter Jr. Finding himself a prisoner of these creatures, he
escapes

Summary Response to Lesson Question:

The 1920s was a decade of profound social changes. The most obvious signs of change were
the rise of a consumer-oriented economy and of mass entertainment, which helped to bring
about a "revolution in morals and manners

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PART 4: CHRONOLOGY

This is the section of your study guide where you put it all together! Making connections is the
absolute best way to discover and understand historical relationships, and to build the knowledge
that will help you write thoughtful historical essays.

Use the timeline template or draw your own on a separate sheet of paper. Include major events and
the date they happened. Use the Choice Menu below to design your timeline.

CHOICE MENU
Thematic Timeline Turning Point Timeline
Design a thematic timeline that Focus on a turning point that you
Identifies social, political, economic, or regio recognize as an important moment of
ideas, events, and connections. the era you’re studying; include events,
ideas, people, connections that
occurred before and after a turning
point.
Prediction Timeline Focus Question Timeline
Predict what will happen next by Answer the FQ by including events,
Choosing 5-7 events that you believe ideas, people, etc. that are connected to
will happen next, include a short it, write a 1-2 sentence summary
description of your predictions. explaining your answer using evidence
you included on your timeline.

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Title: _________________________________________________

Dates Item Description

1901 president William McKinley assassinated Theodore Roosevelt assumes president

1906 Meat Inspection Act passes Pure Food and drug Act enacted

1910 Interracial coalition forms NAACP

1911 Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire triggers first factory inspection laws

1912 Roosevelt founds Progressive party

1913 Sixteenth Amendment authorizes federal income tax

1914 WW1 is happening and staring

1920 eighteenth Admendmennt prohibits

1922
Irish free state establishment

1940 WW2 is hapening the battle

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