Istanbul Technical University

Electronics and Communication Engineering Program

Senior Design Project
Project logbook

Course Year/Semester: 2022-2023 / Fall

Project Title: Temperature Dependent Dielectric Property Characterization of Tissue Mimicking
Materials

Objectives:
The goal of this project is to characterize the temperature dependent dielectric properties and
corresponding Cole-Cole parameters for various tissue mimicking materials to establish the validity of
the phantom utilization during proof-of-concept studies by comparing to in vitro tissue properties and
provide temperature-dependent Cole-Cole models of phantom materials for use in simulation models

Advisor(s): Assoc. Prof. Tuba Yılmaz Abdolsaheb

Team members:

• Uğur Berkay Çalışkan 040200784

• Metehan Çakmak 040180259

• Mete Macit 040200785

 Monthly Progress Report

1. Performance Details:
Comments & conclusions Date &
Month Actions
Justification, explanation and things learned Advisor sign.
Different techniques, methodologies have been investigated
to compare the results in order to have minimum complexity
01.11.2022
and error. First of all, frequency ranges and temperature band
in scientific papers have explored. During this research
equidistant points for temperature and frequency were listed.
Equidistant points were resolved with compatibility with lab
equipment. After then what kind of tissues and experimental
setup were analyzed. Best suitable experimental setup was
chosen simultaneously with lap equipment. How dielectric
properties varies from tissues and what kind of animal
tissues were selected was another topic which was explored
in papers. Problems which occur during the experimental
setup were analyzed and solutions for these implementation
problems were discovered. For example, during the
Literature Review
measurement, tissue must be kept inside the water. Open-
October- ended coaxial method with network analyzer methodology
2022
will be used to measure the dielectric properties of tissues.
Expected results for the different tissues were determined in
order to verify our results in the future. After then, what is a
phantom, how to mimic a tissue, what are the methodologies
to prepare phantoms were the questions looked for. For sure,
different techniques affect the results on phantoms so we
analyzed the most suitable methodology for phantoms was
selected. Also, which tissues in the literature were mimicked
and which tissues will be mimicked was determined. At last,
Cole-Cole parameters for dependent temperature tissues
were investigated. Optimization techniques which have used
so far was investigated to find the Cole-Cole parameters.
 Experimental-setup was determined and it was constructed
on the lab. Water bath to heat the tissues will be used. A lift
01.12.2022
foot placed inside the water bath to resolve the height of the
tissue. Water bath used in order to heat the tissue in the
most uniform way. The tissue was covered with stretch film
so that tissue wont contact with the water directly. The
water inside the water bath won’t get inside the tissue or
phantom. Network analyzer was placed next to the water
Constructing Experimental bath. Open-ended coaxial probe is connected to the tissue
November
Setup and Measuring
-2022 above the water bath. To calibrate the network analyzer air,
Dielectric Properties of a
Liver copper metal and deionized water were used with order.
Four heat probes are connected to tissue to measure the
heat of the tissue. Three of them connected near of the
tissue and one of them is connected far away from the
probe. While measuring the heat of the tissue, average of
the three probe which are close the coaxial probe was
computed.

i) Add the 34gr of gelatin into 190ml of deionized water and

mix the solution.
06.01.2023
ii) Heat the mixture until around ninety degrees till it gets
transparent in the water bath.

Preparing a Phantom to iii) Split the solution into 80ml and 75ml and wait until it
mimic a liver tissue cools to fifty degrees.

December iv) When the solution cools to fifty degrees, add oil to these
-2022 solutions until they reach 100ml of a total mixture.

v) Add 0.056 ml of Fairy Platinum detergant per ml of oil.

vi) Cool the emulsion to forty degrees and then add

formaldehyde to the solution. The amount of formaldehyde
solution is 0.0108 g per ml of the gelatin solution.

vii) Allow at least 2 days for formaldehyde cross-linking of

gelatin to be completed.
While preparing a phantom it is essential to operate in the
suitable temperatures. Otherwise, oil or other materials will
not mixture homogenously.