RMTMP Gokulganga

Rural Municipality Transport Master Plan (RMTMP) Final Report
2022
Gokulganga Rural Municipality

Office of Rural Municipal Executive
Rasnalu, Ramechhap
Bagmati Province, Nepal
RURAL MUNICIPALITY TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN
(RMTMP)
Acknowledgements 2022
The consultant team would like to take this opportunity to convey sincere thanks and
gratitude to executive officer of the municipality who has helped for overall planning,
formation of MRCC, organizing meetings and from very beginning to the completion
of report. Again, the team would like to acknowledge the technical team of the
municipality including planning section engineer, urban planner, environmental
engineer, geomatic engineer, oversears, sub-oversears and assistant sub-oversears
regarding their technical inputs about road classification, environment friendly
planning, formation of rings etc. The team also expresses sincere thanks to secretary
and all other officials of the ward offices who helped for conducting ward level
meeting for the collection of demands. The very important feedback has been
received from representative of political parties; the team would like to express
sincere thanks to all the parties for their cooperation and valuable feedbacks. Finally,
the consultant would like to express our sincere thanks to Chairperson of MRCC and
Executive Officer for providing opportunity to prepare Municipality Transport Master
Plan along with coordinating and providing valuable suggestions regarding MTMP.
Similarly, we also would like to thank the Mayor of municipality Mr.Kaji Badhur
Khadka, Chief Administrative Officer Mr.Hom Badhur Thapa & technical section
Chief Mr. Arjun Upadhyaya for assisting and coordinating, we would also like to
express our gratitude toward focal person of municipality for their assistance in
municipality road inventory work. We also express our thankfulness to all the MRCC
members for providing important suggestions and feedback during the period of
MTMP Preparation and field visits.
Furthermore, we express our thanks to all ward chairperson & secretaries for helping
us on providing information and organizing ward meetings and workshops. Similarly,
we express our thankfulness to all community people, members of political parties
and members of ward citizens for taking part in ward meetings and providing
information necessary for preparation of RMTMP.
At last but not least we also would like to thank all municipality team for assisting by
providing suggestions and feed backs for preparation of RMTMP.
…………………………….
Pass Consultant Pvt.Ltd

Battisputali, Kathmandu
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2022
Rural Municipal Transport Master Plan (RMTMP) shall be defined as the process of
identification, classification and prioritization of roads within Rural municipality;
construction, upgrading, maintenance and rehabilitation of prioritized roads on the
basis of approved criteria with calculation of financial budget. The basic approach for
the preparation of RMTMP is the bottom up and participatory approach. The ultimate
goal of most transportation is “access,” people’s ability to reach desired goods,
services and activities. Transportation decisions often involve tradeoffs between
different forms of access. The pattern of traffic at morning peak and evening peak is
just opposite. The carriageway width of the existing road is about 4 to 6 m only. For
the development of city with efficient transportation system it is inherent to provide
appropriate roadway width. Thus the major constraint for the implementation of
RMTMP is to provide sufficient right of way to the roads.
Gokulganga rural municipality is located in the north-eastern hilly terrain of

Ramechhap district, Bgamati Province of Nepal. This rural municipality has been
declared by establishing 6 wards including 6 village development committees of
Farpu, Namadi, Betali, Rasnalu, Tose and Chuchure. Gokulganga rural municipality
is surrounded by Umakunda rural municipality and likhu rural municipality in the
east, Jiri municipality and Tamakoshi rural municipality in the west.Gokulganga rural
municipality has an elevation of 2505 meters. This MTMP identified 498.20 km road
including municipal and ward roads total road length of new construction is 40.97 km.
Except one road, all other roads are either gravel or earthen.
This report includes the introduction, detail work methodology of the field work and
preparation of different maps of road networks and potential development indicative
maps, perspective plan and RMTMP in a desired fashion within a specified time
frame, instrument and data collection forms used, collected data presentation, data
interpretation and conclusion. A five-year RMTMP with detail list of each category of
road networks have been prepared along with financial requirements for interventions.
A realistic physical and financial implementation plan was prepared. A detail GIS
based Maps with database were prepared and presented. The prescribed data
collection formats and checklists were filled and annexed in the report.
Total 539.18 km of motorable roads were verified within the municipality boundaries
which are further categorized as follow.
Road Type Length
CRN 52.4906
A
Existing 129.7724
Proposed 8.4474
B
Existing 124.5023
Proposed 4.7
C
Existing 80.6723
Proposed 10.0234
D
Existing 103.8299
Proposed 17.3404
E
Existing 6.9378
Proposed 0.4673
2022
Based on survey, it has been found that most of village tole roads were 3 m. to 4 m.
wide earthen roads which cannot provide service throughout the year. Thus, local
people strongly demanded that these roads should be upgraded to graveled road along
with widening and provision for lateral and cross drainage as soon as possible. Present
population and demand for reliable public transportation induced the need of high-
quality public transportation system and proper road network within the municipality.
Completion of this plan will yield approx. 11.68 km of new construction standard
road and approx. 229.47 km to gravel standard. All of these roads will also receive the
cross drainage and protective structures required to make them maintainable all-
weather roads. The remaining roads at the end of the RMTMP period will be
improved in next RMTMP. Preparation of RMTMP is the first effort for the planned
development of the municipal area. This is an opportunity for implementing a
sustainable transport system in the municipality. The study being its first should be
periodically reviewed and revised along with integration with other plans. This will
ensure efficient use of available resources and proper development of the
municipality. For effective RMTMP, it needs to be compatible with comprehensive
town planning and land use policy.
RANK CODE NAME COST

1 310M02B13P Zero Kilo-Khahare-Bhangeri-Gogantar Sadak 626,560
2 310M02A13 kharanetar-baluwa- deurali 98,325,675
3 310M02A2 Thosey-Tagam-Singati Sadak 61,136,125
4 310M02C20 saba dhunga-mahankal than- jamune khimti khola krisi 8,368,425
5 310M02B10 Zero Kilo-Bhanubhakta-Kande-Basse-Vittari Khani 34,118,325
6 310M02A7 farpu-zero kilo-ward karyalaya -lute -lalinaku gairi-lisekhani 103,943,700
7 310M02B11 Boriganga-Sisneri-setidevi Sadak 11,118,150
8 310M02A1P dhaule-kosyangkharka-pachpokhari 6,757,920
9 310M02A8 BP Chaur-Lachepu-Farphu Khola-khatri dada Sadak 28,042,875
khimti pharpu fedi-namadi khahare-betali bazar-lisekhani-
10 310M02B20 99,671,775
bhittari khani
11 310M02C19 chihan gaira-chautara-palate 5,792,175
12 310M02A12 Burke- Tagam-Deurali 123,022,200
13 310M02A1 dhaule-kosyangkharka-pachpokhar 96,312,825
14 310M02A5 Bhusi dada birauta-kalachautara umakunda sadak 24,944,325
15 310M02B1 shivalaya-manedada-sangbadada 8,255,025
16 310M02A3 bhujidada-kalo chautara-umakunda 23,326,650
17 310M02B4 bhimsenthan-rasnalu-chhetrigau-dharapani 18,871,200
18 310M02B14 Simm -Kalleri-Rajkharka-Purano Kharka Sadak 18,946,575
19 310M02A9 Bhanjyang Danda-Dudule-Nagthali Sadak 8,325,000
20 310M02C6 Thosey-Lisey-Aarubote-Daangardingar Sadak 9,572,625
21 310M02B3 Ekamfedi-Chaurpaatal-Daangardingar-Jhulepani-Laapchaani 21,843,000
22 310M02C29 Dundgaira-Jyamkiri-Kanle Sadak 6,929,550
23 310M02D86 majhghar dhungedada sarkitole thulo chaur sadak 1,910,700
khimti pharpu fedi namadi khahare betali bazar lisekhani
24 310M02B8P 1,579,760
bhittari khani
25 310M02C7 Ekamfedi-Dandagaun- serpam Gumba 7,293,375
26 310M02C21 sat dhara- haluwa- chapleti-deurali 10,588,275
27 310M02C22 Thulo Odaar-Amfee- chitre Sadak 8,470,125
28 310M02D66 Bagdhara-Kalimati-Chaachala 4,632,075
29 310M02D33P chapleti-hudumpa 378,640 2022
30 310M02B12 Zero Kilo-Khahare-Gogantar Sadak 9,005,850
31 310M02C12 burke-okhre-baghkhor 2,240,775
32 310M02B15 Naagi-Passabar-Nopra-Basse Sadak 24,277,275
33 310M02B16 Simalgolai-Fedi Ghat-Kudule Sadak 6,252,350
List of roads which should be managed from other funding sources
SN CODE NAME COST

34 310M02C28P BaarPipal-Shivalaya AaVi-ChaaChala-Banchare Sadak 516,800
35 310M02A10 Sirudanda-Purano Gaau-Woda Bhawan Sadak 7,048,350
36 310M02D40 majhkharka-tham 1,336,050
37 310M02B6 bhujidada-majuwa-dui number surke 5,771,475
bhimsen than-lisekhani-lalibaku-likhu tamakoshi ga. pa
38 310M02A4 13,466,650
manthali sadak
39 310M02D47 kattike- khel maidan- niure 6,642,450
40 310M02B17 Bhanjyang Danda-Picnic Spot Sadak 932,400
41 310M02C14 kagate-birauta 6,824,700
42 310M02C11 dhadbari- thami tole -thakalitar 9,031,500
43 310M02B2 chuchure-ilchhire-serding-gumdel 58,266,000
44 310M02B2 chuchure-ilchhire-serding-gumdel 58,266,000
45 310M02D48 health post mode- chapleti 4,256,325
46 310M02D61 dhadapakha-bhimsenthan-haluwa 3,399,525
47 310M02D89P Teendhare-Gairagaun-Namadi BazaarSadak 1,027,520
48 310M02C13 purano bari-diki-kharikhola 9,464,850
49 310M02D36 batase-aalu form 4,800,600
50 310M02D56 til khoriya- ratmata- gaira 4,432,050
51 310M02D93P Namadi Bazar-Oda Karyala-Ghairagahar-Kamigaun Sadak 458,320
52 310M02D67 Thaade-Dhaade-Paatal-Thuldhunga-Kanle Sadak 10,656,900
53 310M02D42 dadagau- matane tole 414,450
54 310M02C10 Tagam-Birauta-Jalkali- Singate 3,066,300
55 310M02C23 Shiva Buddh-Thadee-Lalichowk Sadak 5,546,925
56 310M02A11 Dund Gaaira-Majhuwa- Thamdanda 9,024,025
57 310M02C4 chuchure siran tole- manedada 1,737,900
58 310M02D24 damahadada- jatteswor mandir 3,403,800
59 310M02D34 thamitole - sano birauta 4,083,075
60 310M02D73 Gahaate-Bhulbhule-Vairabthan Sadak 2,046,150
61 310M02D53 tallo kattike-palate 2,986,875
62 310M02B18P Jyamkiri-Devithan Sadak 738,240
63 310M02D55 badeli-asare-dadabari- bhangja pul 5,858,325
64 310M02D91P Danafed-Rumti-Kalimati Sadak 342,800
65 310M02C15 bhimsenthan kudar-palati pul 7,011,675
66 310M02C28 BaarPipal-Shivalaya AaVi-ChaaChala-Banchare Sadak 6,160,500
67 310M02D72 Matokhadi-Dandagaun-Gaahate Sadak 2,314,125
68 310M02C18P paatle chowk- health post-keurini 538,400
69 310M02B19 Jyamkiri-Thaladanda Sadak 4,763,650
70 310M02D68 Chitre-Sirwani Sadak 4,524,750
71 310M02D74 Kaamitar-Teendhare-Damaitoll Sadak 2,249,325
72 310M02D58 darme-rat mate dada 1,126,125
73 310M02D77 Paaiswara-Sim-Kalimati Sadak 3,196,350 2022
74 310M02D60 gau khet- kot pipal 980,325
75 310M02D59 jaubari- badelmara 2,311,700
76 310M02D62 jogi khola-dhikure dada 943,875
77 310M02D49 halagade-daduwa-dadabari- niure 4,558,725
78 310M02D76P Pokhari-Tarke-Oodal ko Fed Sadak 509,600
79 310M02C16 bimere- kudar 2,605,050
80 310M02D23P bigu lakuridada-jaubari 1,129,440
81 310M02D17P Taagam-Birauta-Jalkali- Singate 1,456,720
82 310M02C31 Bhanjyang Danda-Gumba-Dund Gaira Sadak 5,735,025
83 310M02D28 bank-phapsu-dhadbari 2,013,075
84 310M02C1 mehele-baluwa-majhkharka -intake sadak 20,057,400
85 310M02D25 lamchetar-khapte dhunga-baluwa gairo 8,134,425
86 310M02C3 gumba-fhaparbaridada 4,597,875
87 310M02D18 Kamigaun-Aahaldada 907,425
88 310M02D16 Vasme-Chankey Hitidanda Sadak 4,974,300
89 310M02D57 jourumta-dhoka kharka 2,889,225
90 310M02D27 jhule dada-baaskateri 5,472,000
91 310M02D37 raja kharka-harkate 5,744,925
92 310M02C8 Dorje Manetar-Vittari-Tagam Chhanga-Paatle Khiji 3,819,825
93 310M02C9P Dorje- Manetar -Taagam -Chhanga- Paatle Khiji 1,056,560
94 310M02C26 Kamala Devi-Khatri Danda farpu Sadak 1,645,650
95 310M02C24 Thulchaur-Vairavthan-Gairi-Patal Sadak 3,951,000
96 310M02D79P Gurasee-Powerhouse-Chanchalaa Sadak 895,680
97 310M02D83P Ramite-Sunarpaani-Birta Sadak 534,160
98 310M02D29 bank- pargeli bari 533,025
99 310M02C30 Dharakhola-Budhabaas Sadak 2,562,975
100 310M02B7 football ground-dadagau- chapleti 8,864,925
101 310M02D46P jhule tole - healthpost 235,520
102 310M02D45 madevsthan mandir-chhetrigau 1,226,475
103 310M02D88P Devithan-Vatmasse Sadak 157,840
104 310M02D96 Dharakhola Chambot Sadak 2,680,875
105 310M02C32 Gau Kharka-Gumba Danda Sadak 1,733,400
106 310M02D82 Danafed -Chanchala Sadak 1,106,100
107 310M02C33 Majhuwa-Dovan Khola Sadak 1,493,350
108 310M02B5 football ground- bhage-hudumpa-jiri na. pa 17,542,050
109 310M02D10 resort-kopche-sotreni 3,705,525
110 310M02D87 Khalsaa-Gaurishankar Sadguru Dham Sadak 1,940,175
111 310M02D95 Pujari Khola-Yadali-Sisneri-Farphu Khola Sadak 3,212,100
112 310M02D52 chhipchhipe-khel maidan 1,461,375
113 310M02D88 Devithan-Vatmasse Sadak 1,527,300
114 310M02D90 Danafed-Rumti-Kalimati Sadak 643,275
115 310M02D101P Lahare Toll-Okhar Bot-Football Ground 366,640
116 310M02D2P sherpa tole-pariyar tole 428,480

117 310M02D26P majuwa-chokte-mathillo majuwa 600,560
118 310M02D64 daduwa-kabre khola 784,125
119 310M02D22P bhumethan-setidevi-sakhudhing 227,760
120 310M02B16P Simalgolai-Fedi Ghat-Kudule Sadak 815,440
121 310M02D97 Harisiddhe -Narkhule-Dudule Sadak 3,389,850 2022
122 310M02D92 Namadi Bazar-Oda Karyala-Ghairagahar-Kamigaun Sadak 103,050
123 310M02C2 chaurikhola-bhaisikharka 4,996,575
124 310M02D19 Kopche-Dandagaun-Sotre 3,403,125
125 310M02D78 Gurasee-Powerhouse-Chanchalaa Sadak 2,225,700
126 310M02D99P Simal Golai-Nayaghar Sadak 679,120
127 310M02C27 Kaalika Aavi-Majhuwa Sadak 1,844,550
128 310M02E10P chaake-homestay-aahal 373,840
129 310M02D71 Naake Danda-Jhule-KulamuhanSakak 4,026,825
130 310M02D43 chhetri gau-karki tole -jhakre 3,650,175
131 310M02D85P Aarubote-Rumti-Simle Sadak 1,041,520
132 310M02C17 dhadbari- darkha 3,478,050
133 310M02D100 Saaune-Kalakhola Sadak 4,169,025
134 310M02D54 majhuwa chaur- ramite 628,875
135 310M02D98 Saaune-Vittari-Pahirey Sadak 5,026,950
136 310M02D31 devigaira-kalimati 1,443,150
137 310M02D94 Paati Sawara-Waga Danda Sadak 1,654,425
138 310M02D13P olane khola-barhamane-baluwa 705,760
139 310M02C25 Danda Swara-Gairi-Patal Paha Khola Sadak 9,359,325
140 310M02D26 majuwa-chokte-mathillo majuwa 3,366,450
141 310M02D80 Milan Chowk-Dhaande Sakak 795,375
142 310M02D7 sanebari-galamdada 1,102,500
143 310M02D65 lamatar- khoriya 2,211,525
144 310M02D32 surke mane-dobhan 4,372,650
145 310M02C33P Majhuwa-Dovan Khola Sadak 2,089,920
146 310M02C5 devithan-dobankhola-jaubari 5,782,950
147 310M02D63 dada bari-mulpani machhapokhari 1,584,675
148 310M02D70 Mahadevthan-Paatle-Munadevi Sadak 4,188,600
149 310M02D21 Kesari Dada-Gairigaun-Chyapraang 4,200,525
150 310M02D67P Thaade-Dhaade-Paatal-Thuldhunga Sadak 536,960
151 310M02D81 Simkharka-Amfee Sadak 2,593,575
152 310M02D22 Bhumethan-Setidevi-Sakhudhing 718,425
153 310M02D6 dewalichaur-dharapani 1,091,025
154 310M02A6 Kamigaun-Aaldanda 2,428,200
155 310M02D8 chyapsekhola-jhakritole-ilchhire 1,282,050
156 310M02B9 dhadko mode- kafle sadak 1,485,450
157 310M02D15 Aarupate Gaira- siranetar 1,975,050
158 310M02D69 Pingdanda-Chokte Sakak 832,050
159 310M02D30 pakhuri dil- dhunga gaade 2,749,500
160 310M02D20 Hitidanda-Sanghutar-Siranghar Sadak 2,299,725
161 310M02D5 gairachaake-khola birauta 5,673,600
162 310M02D1 chyapsekhola-jhakritole-ilchhire 2,651,850
163 310M02D50 deurali- thula chaur sadak 1,199,250
164 310M02D39 daabre-thamdada 7,376,625
165 310M02D44 thakalitar-chuche dhunga 1,681,875
166 310M02E1 chyapsekhola-pakhatole 1,533,375
167 310M02D35 thakalitar-khatri tole 1,073,025
168 310M02E9 kadetar-paachpale 4,043,025
169 310M02D95P Pujari Khola-Yadali-Sisneri-Farphu Khola Sadak 209,920
170 310M02D6P dewalichaur-dharapani 731,120 2022
171 310M02D41 football ground - saptabhumi kivi center 2,304,225
172 310M02E2 chuchure-oda karyalaya-chyapsekhola 1,003,275
173 310M02D38 machhinu khola- jhule tole 708,525
174 310M02D11 jamdartole-bhasmedada-phaparbari 2,446,875
175 310M02D14 kamidada-surke 3,265,875
176 310M02D4 purano healthpost-ghaat 1,377,900
177 310M02D51 jugepani - chor katera 1,393,425
178 310M02E7 bajhghari-bhirthumki 1,349,100
179 310M02D9 sunartole- thapa tole-tharakhari 423,900
180 310M02E3 pakhatole jhakritole sadak 4,671,900
181 310M02D75 Saureni-Lalibaaku Sadak 2,508,750
182 310M02E5 bhujel tole-tamang tole 499,275
183 310M02D84P Purano Kharka-Aahal-Virkuna Sadak 606,560
184 310M02D3 pairokhola-laharebhasme 2,293,200
185 310M02E4 nunthala-lamichhane tole 678,825
186 310M02E6 nunthala-mathhilo tamang tole 251,775
187 310M02E8 dadaghaderi-majhkharka gau 1,579,500
188 310M02D9P sunartole- thapatole-tharakhari khola 365,360
189 310M02C29P Dundgaira-Jyamkiri-Kanle Sadak 1,872,160
190 310M02D12 olane khola- barhamane-baluwa 633,150
191 310M02C2P chaurikhola-bhaisikharka 2,915,440
192 310M02D11P jamdartole-bhasmedada-phaparbari 246,320
193 310M02C24P Thulchaur-Vairavthan-Gairi-Patal Sadak 979,440
There is a possibility of inter-connection with neighboring municipality as well as

neighboring districts. The proposed ring roads pass nearby the Rural Municipal area
and work as outer connecting link between ward.
The final output is presented in following sections as follows:
Rural Municipality Inventory Map (RMIM)

The GIS maps include municipality buildings, ward buildings, bus-parks, historical
places, health and police post and so on. Municipal roads are classified and are
symbolized as 'Road Class A' while another Collector Road, Tole Road and Other
Road were symbolized with 'Road Class B', 'Road Class C', 'Road Class D' & 'Road
Class E' respectively.
RMTMP
The ward and community level consultations and workshops were conducted to
identify the potential areas and road alignments which need new construction/
intervention/ rehabilitation/ maintenance. The alignments were prioritized on the
basis of transport linkage and demand from the local level. The scoring criteria form
helped to select the area of more importance and screen the specific road if more than
one road is demanded from each ward.
Table Of Contents 2022
Acknowledgements ................................................................................................... 1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................... 2
ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................. 11
Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. 12
1.1 BACKGROUND ....................................................................................... 12
1.2 OBJECTIVE ............................................................................................. 13
1.3 SCOPE OF WORK ................................................................................... 13
1.4 LIMITATION OF STUDY ....................................................................... 19
Chapter 2. STUDY APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ................................. 20
2.1 GENERAL APPROACH .......................................................................... 20
2.2 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................... 20
2.3 DETIALS ON METHODOLOGY ............................................................ 24
Chapter 3. INDICATIVE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL MAP ........................ 28
3.1 INDICATIVE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL MAP (IDPM) CREATION
28
3.2 PHYSICAL LOCATION AND GEOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS
28
3.3 SOCIO- ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ........................................... 30
Demography ..................................................................................................... 30
3.4 EXISTING TRANSPORT NETWORK SITUATION OF THE
MUNICIPALITY ................................................................................................. 31
3.5 Review of Municipality Strategy and other Reports ................................... 31
3.6 Visionary City Development Plan.............................................................. 32
3.7 Constraints in Implementation of RMTMP ................................................ 32
3.8 Trend of urbanization ................................................................................ 33
Chapter 4. RURAL MUNCIPALITY ROAD INVENTORY ................................ 34
4.1 PREPARATION OF RMIM ....................................................................... 34
4.2 Road Density ............................................................................................. 35
4.3 TRAFFIC STUDY .................................................................................... 35
4.4 Inventory of Road Traffic Accidents.......................................................... 35
4.5 List of Major Municipality Roads with Coding .......................................... 35
4.6 Briefs on Major Municipality Roads .......................................................... 36
4.7 Lists of Major Ward Roads ........................................................................ 36
4.8 Municipality Inventory Map of Road Network (MIM) ............................... 39
Chapter 5. RURAL MUNICIPALITY TRANSPORT PERSPECTIVE PLAN ..... 40
5.1 . OVERVIEW....................................................................................... 40
5.2 SHORT TERM MUNICIPAL TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN (FIVE
YEARS) .............................................................................................................. 41
5.3 Grading and Nomenclature of Roads.......................................................... 42
Right of Way for Roads of different Classes: .................................................... 42
Urban Road Classification ................................................................................ 44 2022
National Highways ........................................................................................... 45
Provincial Road ................................................................................................ 45
Class A Roads .................................................................................................. 45
Class B Roads .................................................................................................. 45
Class C and Class D Roads ............................................................................... 45
Coding of Municipality Roads .......................................................................... 45
5.4 Typical Cross Sections of Municipal Roads ............................................... 46
Road Class A (Main Collector) ......................................................................... 46
Road Class B (Other Collector Roads) .............................................................. 46
Road Class C (Tole Roads) ............................................................................... 47
Road Class D (Other Tole Roads) ..................................................................... 47
Urban Roads (typical ) ...................................................................................... 48
5.5 PREPARATION OF PRESPECTIVE PLAN OF RURAL
M U N C I P A L I T Y TRANSPORT NETWORK ............................................... 48
5.6 SCORING OF TRANSPORT LINKAGE .................................................. 49
5.7 PLAN OF INTERVENTION OF SERVICES AND FACILITIES .............. 50
Conservation .................................................................................................... 50
Improvement .................................................................................................... 51
Widening .......................................................................................................... 52
New Construction ............................................................................................. 52
5.8 RMTMP Cost Estimation .......................................................................... 52
Conservation .................................................................................................... 52
Chapter 6. RURAL MUNCIPALITY TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN ................ 53
6.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................ 53
6.2 FIVE YEAR PROJECTED FINANCIAL PLAN AND SHARING OF
FUNDS ................................................................................................................ 53
Chapter 7. CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION ........................................ 55
7.1 SUMMARY AND FINDINGS .................................................................. 55
7.2 RECOMMENDATION ............................................................................. 55
Roads ............................................................................................................... 55
Parking ............................................................................................................. 56
Walking............................................................................................................ 56
Cycling ............................................................................................................. 57
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 58
ANNEXES 1 ........................................................................................................... 59
List of Figures
Figure 1 Conceptual Framework of RMTMP Preparation ........................................ 21

Figure 2 Road Class ‘A’ .......................................................................................... 26
Figure 3 Road Class "B" .......................................................................................... 27
Figure 4 Road Class ‘C’........................................................................................... 27 2022
Figure 5 Road Class ‘D’ .......................................................................................... 27
Figure 6 Existing and Proposed road Length ............................................................ 34
Figure 7 Urban Road Hierarchy ............................................................................... 42
Figure 8 Road Network Hierarchy ........................................................................... 42
Figure 9 Conceptual Hierarchy ................................................................................ 42
Figure 10 Detail description of road class ................................................................ 44
2022
ABBREVIATIONS
AI Accessibility Indicator
DoLI Department of Local Infrastructure
DTMP District Transport Master Plan
EO Executive Officer
GIS Geographic Information System
GPS Global Positioning System
MIM Municipal Inventory Map
MOFALD Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development
MRCC Municipality Road Coordination Committee
MTMP Municipality Transport Master Plan
SOR Socially Oriented and Responsibility
Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION 2022
Rural Municipal Transport Master Plan (RMTMP) shall be defined as the process of
identification, classification and prioritization of roads within municipality;
construction, upgrading, maintenance and rehabilitation of prioritized roads on the
basis of approved criteria with calculation of financial budget. The background for
preparation of transport master plan along with the objectives and the scope of
planning has stated in this chapter. The basic approach for the preparation of RMTMP
is the bottom up and participatory approach.
1.1 BACKGROUND
Transport is one of the major components to improve access of the people to services
and facilities through increased mobility. Due to increased mobility results in better
linkage with market centers, agricultural production, pocket areas and other
opportunities in the rural municipality. With the increased migrants number,
provision of well-planned and well managed infrastructure for urban development
has become a challenge. With transport sector interventions and planning based on
accessibility considerations, Rural Municipality Transport Master Plan (RMTMP) for
a rural municipality offers long-term perspective for the planned development of the
rural roads in the municipality. In a nutshell, Rural Municipality Transport Master
Plan reflects existing transport infrastructure situation and future potential in relation
with the resources available at the municipality. RMTMP essentially covers the
Urban Transport Infrastructures (UTIs), which are funded, supported and
implemented by municipalities. The RMTMP preparation strongly advocates
meaningful participation of all key stakeholders in the planning process to make
RMTMP more acceptable and ensure ownership. The preparation process goes
through a series of techno political activities that include consultation workshops and
interactive meetings with stakeholders to increase participation of all stakeholders.
These activities include Rural Municipality level workshop, RMRCC meetings and
cluster of ward level workshops, formal/informal meeting, focus group discussions
and transit walk, etc. At every stage, careful consideration is given to ensure access
and high level of participation of representatives from line agencies, major political
parties, social leaders, women organizations, Dalit and Janjati co-ordination
committees, differently able people, chamber of commerce, transportation association
etc. The approach is to work towards consensus building. A completed and rural
municipality endorsed RMTMP serves as a planning document when potential donor
agencies, line agencies and development partners approach the rural municipality for
possible transport sector investments. RMTMP becomes an authoritative document
of the municipality to negotiate possible grant and loan assistance from donor
agencies. It facilitates project identification. Donors or funding agencies supporting
rural transport investments have accepted R MTMP as a prerequisite tool for
transport related assistance.
Gokulganga rural municipality is one of the rapidly growing rural municipalities

and is expected to grow even more rapidly after declaration of rural municipality.
This will increase the demand for physical infrastructures such as housing, transport,
waste management, water supply, electricity and so on. Formulation of R u ra l
Municipal Transport Master Plan (RMTMP) is a must to assess the present road
and transport infrastructures and facilities within the municipality and the
surrounding rural municipality and to ensure better accessibility and mobility at the
designated locality.
Gokulganga rural municipality (Nepali: गोकुलगंगा नगरपािलका), located in Panchthar
District, is one of the villages in accordance with Sub-section (3) of Article 295 of the
Constitution of Nepal. Gokulganga rural municipality provides various local level 2022
government services.
The office of Gokuganga Rural Municipality is located at Ward No. 3 Rasnalu, about
40 kilometers from the district headquarters Manthali. It has been declared as Rural
Municipality by establishing 6 wards comprising 6 Village Development Committees
including the former Farpu, Namadi, Betali, Rasnalu, Those, and Chuchure.
The aim of preparing such development plan are given below

i) To make investment for planned development within each of the local bodies
ii) To attain sustainable livelihood and improved well-being of people of the local
bodies
iii) To provide better access to information, markets, opportunities, health, education,
goods and services.
1.2 OBJECTIVE
The main objective of the services is to prepare the Rural Municipality Transport
Master Plan (RMTMP) of the Gokulganga rural municipality. The MTMP has been
prepared as per the Guidelines and ToR for the preparation of Rural Municipality
Transport Master Plan.
The specific objectives are:

 To analyze the accessibility situation
 To finalize visionary city development plan
 To prepare Indicative Development Potential Map and Rural Municipality
Inventory Map (RMIM) of road network
 To collect demand for new construction, rehabilitation or maintenance
 To prepare perspective plan of transport service and facilities
 To develop scoring criteria and its approval from Rural Municipality
 To Prepare 5-year RMTMP
 To prepare realistic physical and financial implementation plan
 To prepare Rural Municipality Transport Perspective Plan (RMTPP).
 To identify the priorities
1.3 SCOPE OF WORK
The process of R MTMP preparation as envisaged under this assignment includes

studies of the municipality roads, their socio-economic analysis and scope of various
sectors as industries. In detail, the followings are the scope of work:
The scope of the works and services of the consultant for the project are given below:
a. Assist in the Formulation of the Rural Municipality Roads Coordination
Committee (RMRCC).
b. Secondary Sources of Information and Review of the existing RMTMP.
c. Accessibility data collection and analysis.
d. Prepare the Indicative Rural Municipality Development Potential Map
(IDPM).
e. Prepare RMIM of urban roads, main trails and bridges within the rural
municipality.
f. Collection of demands for new/upgrading/rehabilitation transport linkages
from wards/settlements.
g. Developing Scoring Criteria and its Approval from Rural Municipality.
h. Road classification and nomenclature.
i. Analyze Fund Availability for Roads.
j. Preparation of Perspective Plan of interventions of services and facilities.
k. Preparation of the Rural Municipal Transport Master Plan (RMTMP). 2022
l. Prepare a realistic Physical and Financial Implementation Plan of prioritized
roads for the RMTMP period.
Formulation of the Municipality Roads Coordination Committee (MRCC)

The main task of the RMRCC is to provide support to the Rural municipality in
formulating, managing and monitoring Municipality Road transport infrastructure
policies, rules and regulations. Generally, the MRCC is composed of;
2022
2022
Technical team has advised, assisted and supported the municipality to form the
RMRCC. It had ensure involvement of the RMRCC in the entire planning, decision-
making, programming etc. processes in the preparation of the RMTMP. Initiating
with one introduction/ orientation workshop to the various stakeholders (RMRCC,
Ward representative and tole sudhar committee’s representatives) about the process
and procedures and their respective roles during the Preparation of R MTMP/
RMTPP the consultant had continued preparation of RMTMP.
Secondary Sources of Information and Review of the existing RMTMP

The technical team should collect secondary information from the various district-
based line agencies, project/ programs, INGOs/ NGOs, and other regional and central
level organizations as required. They should review the available existing RMTMP if 2022
any. All the roads identified from secondary sources shall be assessed and considered
seriously for the forthcoming RMTMP. The RMTMP should be updated every 5
years.
Accessibility Data Collection and Analysis

Accessibility data is collected using GPS from settlement level by involving
enumerator/s. Proper orientation training provided to the enumerator/s for efficient
data collection within the prescribed time periods. The collected information is stored
on a computer. Primary analysis is done to find the accessibility situation of the
Municipality and identify the gaps with the reference of visionary of city
development plan.
Prepare the Indicative Development Potential Map (IDPM)

The technical team should prepare the Indicative Municipality Development Potential
Map (IDPM) according to the vision of city development plan. The base map will be
prepared on a 1:25000 scale topographical map and digitized to prepare GIS Maps.
The identification and ranking process of existing/ potential areas and services should
have carried. They should validate the IDPM from the RMRCC and Municipality.
Prepare the Rural Municipality Inventory Map (RMIM) of Urban Road, Main
Trails and Bridges
The technical team should prepare Rural Municipality Inventory Map (RMIM) of the
municipality linking to existing strategic and local road network such as national
highways, trunk roads, and District Road Core network (DRCN), main trails and
main bridges, wherever pertinent and possible, by plotting on the 1:25000 topo-base
maps. The consultant shall carry out, by mobilizing enumerator/s,
reconnaissance/walkover surveys. RMIM shall be prepared with reference to form
annexed. The team should disseminate and discusses RMIM with a wider audience
through a municipality level workshop. Later, the RMIM shall be discussed and
verified through discussion with the municipality technical team and finalize from the
municipality.
Collection of Demands for New/Upgrading/Rehabilitation Transport Linkages

from Wards/ Settlements
The technical team should collect formal requests for new construction or
rehabilitation of different linkages from wards and settlements, on their needs basis.
The demand is collected in the order of priority in case of more than one transport
linkage is demanded from each ward. The collected demand is screened, synthesized,
synchronized and harmonized at municipality level through a workshop. Similarly,
they should obtain the socio-economic data of all requested transport linkages by
involving enumerator.
Developing Scoring Criteria and its Approval from Municipality

The technical team should mandatorily develop weight system for the scoring and
prioritization criteria for screening and prioritized demand following guidelines
annexed for all interventions. The scoring and prioritization criteria are approved by
the municipality. All the demanded linkages are processed and undergone through
the screening and prioritization process.
Road classification and nomenclature

The technical team should prepare road classification criteria, propose metric system 2022
of road nomenclature and accordingly apply the same during data collection and
stock taking from field. For this, annexed guideline should be followed.
Preparation of Perspective Plan of Interventions of Services and Facilities

The technical team should prepare perspective plan of interventions of services and
facilities, which are identified from the accessibility analysis and municipality level
workshops. All the identified interventions are screened and rated on the basis of
approved criteria. The team should discuss with the municipality technical team and
the MRCC relating to interventions of services and facilities for the improvement of
the access situation and should forward to municipality council meetings with
recommendation. Accordingly, the final perspective plan of municipality roads is
developed. The perspective plan shall be shown in GIS maps also.
Analyze Fund Availability for Roads

The internal and external financial resource available in the municipality is reviewed
by the technical team discussing with the municipality authorities so that the financial
resources available for the transport interventions during the five-year RMTMP
period can be estimated. Sources of funding include annual budget allocated in
the municipality; the budget allocated through GoN central agencies such as DoLI/
MoFALD etc. Other possible sources of funds could be from road tolls, royalties, land
taxes etc. Prospects of funding from other external sources, including possible and
committed funding from donors, are reviewed are considered.
Preparation of the Rural Municipality Transport Master Plan (RMTMP)

Considering the perspective plan, the consultant shall prioritize the perspective plan
subsequently, the technical team should prepare and/or update the five-year RMTMP
of the municipality by selecting transport interventions (maintenance, upgrading and
new construction of main trails, trail bridge s and roads) from among top
pri orit y in the Perspective Plan starting from first and that could be implemented
in the next five years period. This is based on cost estimates of maintenance,
upgrading, rehabilitation and new construction of main trails, bridges and roads
and available financial resources. The team should present the findings of the
RMTMP and RMTPP to municipality and RMRCC in a workshop and incorporate
the suggestions and recommendations from the municipality and RMRCC in the final
report. Subsequently, the municipality presents the final RMTMP report to the
municipality council for formal approval that will be approved by municipality
council with a strong commitment not to invest in non-RMTMP roads.
Prepare a Realistic Physical and Financial Implementation Plan of Prioritized

Roads for the RMTMP Period
The technical team should collect information on existing resources spent on transport
infrastructure and possible available resources, and make a projection for the next five
years period. From the total projected resources, the team should discuss with the
municipality to find out the appropriate proportion to be spent on on-going roads and
new interventions (construction/rehabilitation/maintenance etc.) proposed. Based on
the five-year projected funds availability the financial implementation plan is
prepared. This step involves matching the estimated resources that are expected to
be available to the municipality over the plan period, with the interventions for on-
going roads and proposed ones. The total numbers of road and interventions proposed
for the RMTMP period shall match with the projected available resources and should
avoid proposing a long list for the RMTMP period.
1.4 LIMITATION OF STUDY 2022
The limitations underlying in the study methodology and output are summarized
below
1. RMTMP as per Tor should focus on CTDP or i n absence CVP, however lack of
such plans hinders the quality of RMTMP
2. Land use plan and policy prior to RMTMP is missing
3. Data structures and data management are a real problematic issue which fade
away the beauty of this report and elsewhere.
2022
Chapter 2. STUDY APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY
Proper execution of plans is not possible without good quality data and good quality
data can be acquired only if suitable survey methods are selected. This chapter deals
with the methodological framework adopted for data collection covering all used
survey methods, sampling techniques, quality and quantity of data along with data
processing, analysis and presentation of data.
2.1 GENERAL APPROACH
The guiding principle for conducting the task from inception to the final stage stems
from the Terms of Reference disseminated by the ministry for preparation of the
Rural Municipality Transport Master Plan (RMTMP). The ToR is itself sufficient in
conducting the aspects and methods of selection of consultants, to make agreement
stage of works to be conducted, procedures of conducting the works, standard of the
works, time limitation of the works.
An integrated approach to solving problems by combining transport as well as non-

transport interventions is adopted. It is participatory and bottom-up approach. Active
involvement of community people and local authorities in every step is essential. The
survey field team facilitated the community people and local authorities in their needs
identification, project prioritization and visionary development planning process.
The accessibility is function of distance and traveling time, frequency of travel,

physical facilities of Socially Oriented and Responsibility (SOR), and management of
SOR provision and viability of service provision. The degree of accessibility problem
was assessed in terms of accessibility index of the settlements to concerned SOR
sector. Accessibility Indicator is measurement of accessibility.
The required interventions identified for improving accessibility of every settlement
based on reducing travel time, improving physical facilities and improving
management of SOR provision in an integrated fashion.
2.2 METHODOLOGY
The methodology basically incorporated a participatory bottom-up approach which

differs from conventional practices of top-down approach. The Rural Municipality
Road Coordination Committee (RMRCC) was established to oversee plans and
decisions made by the consultant during the preparation of RMTMP. The RMRCC
constitutes of all the political parties representatives and concerned technical officials.
By forming the RMRCC, a techno-political interface was incorporated in the planning
process, where active participation from representatives of political parties, line
agencies, and Rural municipality officials was possible. The methodology also
considered that the study area (Rural municipality) has other elements such as
settlement, infrastructure, market, business center area etc. alongside the
transportation network. The proposed objective is to provide an accessible and proper
transport service to connect all these components. For this, regional transportation
policy plan is required which cannot be formulated without relevant quality data. Any
form of transport or land use planning requires collection of certain form of data. The
quality of plan depends on the quality of data collected which is directly affected by
the survey method used, sampling method and its quality and quantity of data.
2022
Land use survey is an integral part of the transport planning process. Land use data
are vital because the travel in itself has no value and is done for participation in other
activities located at different areas with different land use patterns. The combination
of a land use activity and a transport system invariably results in trip-making. To
measure the types and the extent of trip-making, it is necessary to conduct travel
pattern surveys. Such travel patterns may be described in terms of who is going
where, with whom, at what time, by which mode and route and for what purpose. The
data is then used to present required information in the form of proper maps and
reports.
Prioritization of roads collected from demand form is done and interventions are
proposed based on the analysis of projected budget available for road within
RMTMP period. Based on it Rural Municipal Transport Perspective Plan
(RMTPP) has been prepared. Finally, Rural Municipal Transport Master Plan
(RMTMP) and it’s Physical and Financial Implementation Plan has prepared.
The Conceptual framework of the methodology adopted is shown in Figure-1.
Rural RMRCC
Municipality
Officer, Local
People and VCDP
Scouring
Political Parties Criteria
IDPM
Team Leader
or
Planner
Accessibility Road Hierarchy
and and MTPP
Traffic Situation Nomenclature RMTMP
Engineer
Ward
Demands
Inventory
Financial
and
MIM Planing
Enumerators
GIS
Expert
Figure 1 Conceptual Framework of RMTMP Preparation
The Consultants efforts were comprehensively streamlined to meet the objectives of

the assignment by covering scope of services outlined in the prescribed Terms of
Reference. The consultant followed the following specific process to accomplish the
assignment as specified in the objectives and scopes of work in the TOR.
The consultant team undertook related tasks and activities according to a work
schedule as agreed in their Inception Report. These include:
2022
• Preparation of Rural Municipality Transport Master Plan (RMTMP)
Municipality Level
•Formation of the Municipality Roads Coordination Committee
Introductory Workshop
•Secondary/Primary data collection identification of development potential area, marketing survey

(focused group discussion, informal corner meeting, key information interview Data entry/data analysis
Presentation of IDPM
Presentation of RMTMP in
•Preparation of Indicative Development Potential Map (IDPM) of Municipality
the MRCC &Approval of the
transport plan by the
•Technical data/Data collection Traffic Survey Preparing Base map at Field Study Analysis of existing
Municipality Roads situation of road networks and plotting
Coordination
•Preparing preliminary Road network planning based on inaccessible area Discuss

and verify with Community present proposed preliminary Road network in cluster
of ward Meeting Get verification and validity of road networks prepared road
Preparation of Municipality
Inventory Map (MIM) network
•Collection of technical and socio-economic data within the ZOI area of

Preparation of Municipality
proposed road Data Analysis Prioritization of proposed roads prepare draft.
Road Network Plan
•Collection of technical and socio-economic data within the ZOI area of

Prioritization of Municipality proposed road Data Analysis Prioritization of proposed roads prepare draft.
Transport Perspective Plan
(MTPP)
• Collection of technical and socio-economic data within the ZOI area

of proposed road Data Analysis Prioritization of proposed roads
Preparation of Five-Year
Transport Investment Plan
of Municipality
prepare draft.
•End of Planning Stage

Approval of RMTMP
The general methodology of the study is outlined below: 2022
Table 1 METHODOLOGY
Action Description
No.
1.0 Desk Study and Review of previous RMTMP reports
1.1 Collection and review of other Relevant Documents.
1.2 Collection and review of Maps
1.3 Collection and review of other socioeconomic aspects
1.4 Identification of existing and potential areas with development activities
2.0 Prepare the accessibility profile of settlements and compile them at ward level
3.0 Preparation of indicative Development Potential Map
4.0 Preparation of Rural Municipality Inventory Map (RMIM)
5.0 Preparation of Rural Municipality Network Plan (RMNP)
6.0 Financial resource Assessment and preparation
7.0 Preparation of perspective plan
8.0 Five year projected Financial Plan
9.0 Preparation of RMTMP
•Preparation of Indicative Development Potential

Map (IDPM)
•Preparation of Rural Municipality Inventory Map
(RMIM)
•Preparation of Rural Municipality Road Network
Planning andSynchronization of RMTPP of Adjoining Districts

•Preparation of Rural Municipality Transport
Perspective Plan (RMTPP)
•Preparation of Five Year Rural Municipality
Investment Plan
•Endorsement of the Perspective Plan of Rural
Municipality Rural Road Network
2.3 DETIALS ON METHODOLOGY 2022
Project Sensitization to Team

After signing the contract, the consultant arranged a meeting of the proposed study
team and orient towards the objectives and scope of the work along with the working
schedules so that all the personnel worked as a team to accomplish the objectives. The
consultant formed a study team consisting of transport planner as a team leader, socio-
economist, engineer and field enumerators who were competent and established
professionals in their field of work. The study team then was mobilized for further
study.
Collection and Review of Secondary Information
The secondary information was collected from published and unpublished literatures
and maps. The information about demographic data of municipality, maps, service
flow pattern, various maps showing service centers or the location of SOR facilities,
transport infrastructure inventory, past plans and sectoral study reports, sectoral
standards and policy targets were collected from the secondary sources like DoLI
DTMP Guidelines, Municipality, line agencies of Municipality, central Bureau of
Statistics, Kathmandu, Topographical Survey Branch, Local NGOs etc. Then such
collected information was assessed before field mobilization. The details of
information from secondary sources so far are given below.
List of documents/ information collected and reviewed are:

1. District/ Municipality periodic plan prepared by the concerned DDC/
Municipality
2. Annual reports / publications of line agencies of municipality
3. District/ Municipality profile of the DDC/ Municipality
4. Traffic data of the municipality rural roads and strategic roads
5. Annual plan, program and budgetary allocations of last 5 years
6. Expenditure in infrastructure development including roads in last 5 years
7. Report on settlement pattern and market centers of the Municipality
8. Rural road statistics of neighboring municipalities and strategic road networks
9. Financial and technical data of ongoing rural road projects in the
Municipalities and schedule including bilateral and multilateral funded
projects.
10. Demographic Statistics feature of the Municipality
11. Other relevant reports
Collected and referred Maps for the study are

1. Topo maps the 1:25000 scales, which were used as base map.
2. Municipality administrative map of Municipality
3. Arial photographs
4. Rural Municipality Trail Map
5. Map of strategic road Networks of Nepal
6. Other Thematic maps
The main agencies for sources of information are 2022
1. DOLI
2. District Development Committees (DDC),
3. Municipality
4. Line agencies/ office of the district about road, Municipality Soil
Conservation office, Forest, Agriculture Development, Livestock Service,
Irrigation, Health, Education, Water Supply and sanitation, cottage
industries, Municipality Technical Office, Municipality Chamber of
Commerce and Industries office etc.
5. National or Municipality Research Organizations,
6. Local and national NGO and INGO’s working in development fields,
7. National Bureau of Statistics.
8. Department of survey
9. National Land Use Project
10. Other relevant office
The secondary information collected from above mentioned sources were critically
reviewed and analyzed. The data were verified by cross checking of information of
various sources and discussion with informants and local community people at
unofficial and official meetings, workshops on the process of primary data collection.
All the roads identified during field visits were verified with existing maps and
assessed for the forthcoming MTMP.
Field Observation and Primary Data collection
Direct field observation, consultation meetings, workshops and field verification of

secondary information and maps collected so far for the study were carried out during
this stage. The relevant SOR sectors were identified as per purpose of study. Primary
information was taken from concerned community people, ward officials, and school
teachers about real accessibility situation of settlements in special format developed
for this purpose. GPS position and tracking of potential development areas, road
networks bridges, major settlements, ward and municipal office buildings and other
public and commercial places along with important historical places were carried out.
For this following activity were carried out.
One day orientation program was carried out in the municipality for the MTMP
preparation. The participants were municipality body, ex-municipality body, line
agencies, stakeholders, and representatives of national political parties and
representatives from women, Dalit, local NGO. The field visits of enumerators were
arranged for the collection of accessibility information along with other necessary
socio-economic information.
In this stage secondary data and maps were verified in the field and the data on access
situation of each settlement were identified, assessed and filled in prescribed formats
and annexed in this report.
Analysis of Data
The raw data collected from field in different prescribed formats were processed,
sorted and analyzed using spread sheets. Compilations of data/ information collected
from primary as well as secondary sources were done to prepare accessibility tables
by calculating the accessibility indicator approved by municipality.
The detail analysis was carried out on the basis of time and quality factors. 2022
Accessibility Maps of every SOR facilities were prepared in GIS. Accessibility
profiles and accessibility maps of various SOR sector at settlement level were
prepared and compiled at ward level. GIS based maps and data base were prepared.
Verification of accessibility data was done at ward/ municipality level. Validation

workshop of each ward was organized with proper representatives. Final accessibility
indices were prepared and required intervention was identified based on respective
indices at the participatory meetings/ workshop at ward and municipality level.
For defining the right of way of each road in the municipality, the criteria set forth by
the ToR, Mofald and the planning norms of the Department of Urban Development
and Building Construction (2013) are used. The definitions are also assumed to hear
the existing scenario of the local level.
Main Collector Road ---------------- classA; RoW-14m

•Other Collector Road ------------ class B; RoW -10m
•Main Tole Road ------------------ class C; RoW - 8 m
•Other Road ------------------------ class D; RoW- 6 m
Figure 2 Road Class ‘A’

2022
Figure 3 Road Class "B"
Figure 4 Road Class ‘C’
Figure 5 Road Class ‘D’
Preparation of GIS based Maps
The project work is based on primary and secondary data information. The updated
field information was gathered using GPS (Global Positioning System). The
alignments of existing roads, potential roads and roads to be upgraded were tracked
through GPS. The ward level consultations were conducted to identify the potential
road alignments and their nomenclature. Roads to be upgraded were verified through
field visit as well.
The collected field survey data was overlaid in Google earth and the alignment was
digitized. Meanwhile, land use and buildings of the area were also updated from the
Google earth data of 2020/21. All the information was processed to ArcGIS Pro 2.9.2
and the statistics were achieved by the analysis in GIS itself.
Chapter 3. INDICATIVE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL MAP 2022
3.1 INDICATIVE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL MAP (IDPM) CREATION
The existing maps were verified at sites and actual GPS positions of the development
potential of the municipality like agriculture, important public places, horticulture,
livestock, cottage and small industries and other potentiality of the municipality were
compiled and prepared on the base map.
The potentialities of the municipality were assessed by gathering information from

municipality line agencies as well as field observation and verification.
The IDPM was prepared on the basis of Comprehensive City Development Plan. The
topographical GIS maps were prepared at the scale of 1:25000. The potential areas
were identified and ranked on the basis of beneficiary population, socio-economics,
government services, potential and special consideration areas identified by
municipality IDPM.
3.2 PHYSICAL LOCATION AND GEOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Geographic Location
Latitude : 27.5338° N
Longitude : 86.1682 ° E
Relative Location
East : Umakunda Rural Municipality
North : Dolakha district
West : Dolakha district
South : Likhu Tamakoshi Rural Municipality
Important Markets:
Shivalaya, Thosey, Rasnalu, Namadi, Betali, Farpu
Total Population : 20,058

Male Population : 9,284
Female : 10,774
Population : 4,446
2022
3.3 SOCIO- ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS 2022
Demography
According to CBS 2011, the total population is 20,058. Of these 9,284 were male and
10,774 are female. The inhabitants are Chettri, Tamang, Sunuwar, Sherpa, Yholmo,
Newar,Limbu, Magar, Yakha, Gurung, Rai, so-called Dalit, Brahmin which makes it
one of the most culturally diverse places in central Nepal.
31002 - Gokulganga / गोकुलग गा - 3. CONNECTIVITY

Ward name 1st 3rd
Ward Popula House 2nd connecting
connecting connecting
No. English Nepali tion hold road
road road
1 Ward no 1 वडा नं. १ 3,199 769 BR110 310M02A13 310M02B2
2 Ward no 2 वडा नं. २ 3,112 686 BR110 310M02A12 310M02A2
3 Ward no 3 वडा नं. ३ 5,098 1,250 BR110 310M02A3 310M02A12
4 Ward no 4 वडा नं. ४ 5,102 1,170 BR110 310M02B20 310M02A7
5 Ward no 5 वडा नं. ५ 5,577 1,072 BR110 310M02A7 310M02B20
6 Ward no 6 वडा नं. ६ 2,804 666 BR110 310M02A7 310M02A10

2022
3.4 EXISTING TRANSPORT NETWORK SITUATION OF THE

MUNICIPALITY
The municipality is served by surface transport facility through Khimti Farpu

Namadi Betali Rasnalu Those Garjang Deurali. Most of the roads are earthen and
gravel in this Rural Municipality which requires upgrading/rehabilitation and proper
maintenance. Major roads in villages of municipality are earthen whereas collector
and toll roads also have earthen surface. Hence preparation of Municipality Transport
Master Plan (MTMP) is must in order to develop sustainable, efficient and optimum
transport facility in the municipality. Major Central and Provincial Roads are:
31002 - Gokulganga / गोकुलग गा - 1. CENTRAL ROAD NETWORK (CRN) + PROVINCIAL ROAD

NETWORK (PRN)
Wid
BT ER Existing Total
Road Road Road th
Sn Class
code section name m km km km km
Khimti-Farpu-Namadi -
1 A NH Betali -Rasnalu-Those - 7.00 52.49 52.49
BR110 garjang deaurali 52.49
farpu-zero kilo-ward
2 A PR karyalaya -lute -lalinaku 5.00 19.80 19.80
A7 gairi-lisekhani 19.80
3 A12 A PR Burke- Tagam-Deurali 5.00 23.43 23.43 23.43
kharanetar-baluwa-
11 A PR 7.00 18.73 18.73
A13 deurali 18.73
Bhusi dada birauta-
12 A PR kalachautara umakunda 4.00 4.75 4.75
A5 sadak 4.75
dhaule-kosyangkharka-
13 A PR 3.50 8.45 8.45
A1P pachpokhari 8.45
Thosey-Tagam-Singati
14 A PR 4.00 11.45 11.45
A2 Sadak 11.45
dhaule-kosyangkharka-
15 A1 A PR 3.50 18.35 18.35 18.35
pachpokhar
From table; BT = Bituminous road

GR = Graveled road
ER = Earthern road
3.5 Review of Municipality Strategy and other Reports
It has focused on:

 Integration of land use and transportation
 Provision of hierarchical and balanced urban road infrastructure development
 Sustainable urban public transportation system
 Standards for urban road management
 Intercity high speed transportation system
2022
(Source: Nepal Urban Development

Strategy, 2015 [1])
3.6 Visionary City Development Plan
The definition of visionary is someone or something that thinks about the future or
advancements in a creative and imaginative way. A person who is ahead of his time
and who has a powerful plan for change in the future is an example of a visionary.
Gokulganga rural municipality, is a city with prosperity for tourism sector. The
visionary plan includes its future development pattern, the possible income sources of
municipality and the future land use pattern. The municipality area is found quite
developed as compared to other municipality while still there is a lot of work that
should be incorporated for sustainable development. The identified sources of income
along with the taxes of market are the tourist service. It is going to be late for planning
the land-use pattern however still there are various ways for proper land use plane
development and implementation. Detail of land use plan is however the out of scope
of the study, it is the pioneer driver for the trip pattern and the transportation system
must address the future trip pattern.
The visionary plan of the city is mixed type as the different kind of land use and the
development potentials. The visionary city plan has identified the major development
potential in following sector.
1. Planned Settlement for development of settlement area
2. Large mountains (Forest Conservation Area) lying in the Northern side of the
municipality for attraction of tourists
3. Agriculture and agro-based industries for the production of perishable foods
4. Inter-linkages among neighbor districts and municipalities
3.7 Constraints in Implementation of RMTMP
Again the city has already taken its shape with existing infrastructures. However the
existing Right of Way (RoW) and the carriageway width of the existing road are
about 3-6 m. For the development of city with efficient transportation system it is
inherent to provide appropriate roadway width. Thus the major constraint for the
implementation of MTMP is to provide sufficient right of way of the roads. Again, the
cost of blacktopping for a unit length of road (per kilometer) is 87.5 lakh and the
budget per year of the municipality for road construction is few crores. Thus, the
budget constraint is also the main constraints for the implementation of the MTMP.
For the implementation of the master plan the participation of local people is also 2022
quite often challenging for the municipality.
3.8 Trend of urbanization
Transportation is more than moving people, goods and services on roads, buses and
sidewalks. It is basic infrastructure that shapes urban form, impacts economic well-
being and is a primary determinant of municipality’s environmental, financial and
social sustainability. Municipal transport master plan is a strategic planning document
designed to define policies, programs and interventions required for the
municipality’s transportation needs for next 20 years and beyond. Developed through
study of indicative development potential and probable land use changes the plan
reflects the growth and development of the municipality.
Gokulganga is a rapidly urbanizing area in the Bagmati Province of the country. It has
the potential for development in economic activity and prosperity serving municipal
area and surrounding municipalities. The trend of urbanization of the area has found
on following ways:
Urbanization based on planned residential settlement
Historic settlement based urbanization
Agriculture based urbanization
Industrial urbanization
The older type of settlement in the area was found based on agriculture based while
the newer are planned settlement. Most of the houses constructed within the area were
found to be used for residential purpose and these are constructed without
development of land-use plane.
Settlements based on historic places were not found but the residences are staying in
the area for hundreds of years.
Chapter 4. RURAL MUNCIPALITY ROAD INVENTORY 2022
Road Inventory Survey was done with the help of the earlier prepared GIS base map
of the municipality and Road inventory form. Field verification of the base map is
done. Road inventory survey was done from one nodal point to another in each road
sections collecting information related to road surface, crossing structure, road
condition, and linkages to the large settlements, economically active spaces, existing
service centers, potential growth centers, potential areas of development, areas of
special considerations and direct link to another linkage. From data of the road
inventory survey, RMIM is prepared. And based on the earlier study of Potential areas
and RMIM, IDPM is prepared which was approved from municipality and RMRCC.
4.1 PREPARATION OF RMIM
The total road network including main trails, national highways, district roads,
municipal roads and bridges within the Rural municipality premises were identified
and displayed in scale 1:40000 scale from Rural municipality level secondary sources.
Then reconnaissance survey of the trails, bridges and road networks were carried out
with the help of the prescribed checklist and updated map. Similarly, detailed
indicative cost estimates of transport infrastructures improvements (Routine
maintenance, recurrent maintenance, rehabilitation & upgrading) and new
construction of representative trails, bridges and roads in the municipality as per the
local ward demand, weighted criteria and preferences.
The list of all existing transport linkages under the category of routine maintenance,
recurrent maintenance, periodic maintenance and upgrading has been prepared. These
lists have been prepared separately and annexed for various classes of roads. The
indicative cost estimates for upgrading and improvement of road, trails and bridges
were prepared and attached with this report in annexes.
On the basis of linkage inventory and condition of the linkage, easy linkages were
subdivided into maximum four types of section i.e.
1. Section requiring routine maintenance

2. Section requiring periodic maintenance
3. Section requiring rehabilitation
4. Unordered section (new construction)
All roads were plotted under separate legends category by intervention type in RMIM.
List of roads having graveled road streetcars were prepared separately. Information
regarding inter Municipality road /trails also included and used in drawing
planning process.
Figure 6 Existing and Proposed road Length

4.2 Road Density 2022
According to national urban strategy the target of urban road density is 7.5 km per
square km land area. The most of the roads are earthen and are very narrow (<4.0 m)
to address the trip generated from various area. Again the ward wise distribution of
road and land-use pattern has presented. The table presents some new roads that have
planned to be constructed within the municipality. The road density as observed for
total area of municipality is found as 2.51 km road per square km area. Again the
density of road per 1000 population is found as 20.01 km. the density is found quite
varying at the amount of about 10 times, however this shall not replicated the very
worst to very good accessibility situation. The varying level of density (based on area)
shall be checked by using density based on population served. The density based on
population replicates that the density so high and low is not of real difference in
usable area of land. Again the density of the road in municipality is found to meet the
national strategy. However the major challenge for the development of road is to
make them more operational.
4.3 TRAFFIC STUDY
A technical survey team carried out the existing road inventory survey, socio-
economic survey of the designated traffic analysis zones with manual traffic count
over the entire study area. During the field visit of the study area, present scenario of
road network, road infrastructure, active, public and private transport standing and
traffic management status has been investigated. The existing road network of the
entire area has been visited. The team has studied the present and future possibilities
of existing and alternative network considering public hearing, strategic
development and future demands. During the field visit, possible new routes, and
existing route hierarchy has been analyzed. The existing scenario of road hierarchy,
current level of services of road, road and road side infrastructures has been observed.
The current vehicle flow along various routes, type and number of vehicles can be
determined by the observed manual traffic count conducted over the entire area. The
mobility of people from one place to another place and vehicle used has been
collected.
4.4 Inventory of Road Traffic Accidents
No location has been identified as major locations having high frequency of occurring
accident. The vulnerable road users (i.e. pedestrians, bicycle riders, motorbike riders)
were found the major victims of accidents. Major involved vehicles are tippers and
motorbikes.
4.5 List of Major Municipality Roads with Coding
List on Major Municipality Roads with Coding (Class A & B Roads)
Length
SN Code Class Ward Name
(km)
farpu-zero kilo-ward karyalaya -lute -lalinaku gairi-
1 310M02A7 A 4,5,6 19.80
lisekhani
2 310M02A12 A 1,2,3 Burke- Tagam-Deurali 23.43
3 310M02A13 A 1 kharanetar-baluwa- deurali 18.73
4 310M02A5 A 3 Bhusi dada birauta-kalachautara umakunda sadak 4.75
5 310M02A1P A 1 dhaule-kosyangkharka-pachpokhari 8.45
6 310M02A2 A 2 Thosey-Tagam-Singati Sadak 11.45
7 310M02A1 A 1 dhaule-kosyangkharka-pachpokhar 18.35
8 310M02A8 A 6 BP Chaur-Lachepu-Farphu Khola-khatri dada Sadak 5.34
bhimsen than-lisekhani-lalibaku-likhu tamakoshi ga. 2022
9 310M02A4 A 3 5.81
pa manthali sadak
10 310M02A3 A 3 bhujidada-kalo chautara-umakunda 10.37
11 310M02A9 A 6 Bhanjyang Danda-Dudule-Nagthali Sadak 3.70
12 310M02A10 A 6 Sirudanda-Purano Gaau-Woda Bhawan Sadak 3.13
13 310M02A11 A 6 Dund Gaaira-Majhuwa- Thamdanda 3.83
14 310M02A6 A 2 Kamigaun-Aaldanda 1.08
15 310M02B13P B 5 Zero Kilo-Khahare-Bhangeri-Gogantar Sadak 0.78
16 310M02B16 B 6 Simalgolai-Fedi Ghat-Kudule Sadak 2.56
17 310M02B16P B 6 Simalgolai-Fedi Ghat-Kudule Sadak 1.02
18 310M02B14 B 5 Simm -Kalleri-Rajkharka-Purano Kharka Sadak 8.42
19 310M02B17 B 6 Bhanjyang Danda-Picnic Spot Sadak 0.41
20 310M02B15 B 5 Naagi-Passabar-Nopra-Basse Sadak 10.79
21 310M02B5 B 3 football ground- bhage-hudumpa-jiri na. pa 5.13
22 310M02B6 B 3 bhujidada-majuwa-dui number surke 2.57
23 310M02B9 B 4 dhadko mode- kafle sadak 0.66
24 310M02B18P B 6 Jyamkiri-Devithan Sadak 0.92
25 310M02B19 B 6 Jyamkiri-Thaladanda Sadak 1.94
26 310M02B7 B 3 football ground-dadagau- chapleti 1.27
khimti pharpu fedi namadi khahare betali bazar
27 310M02B8P B 4 1.97
lisekhani bhittari khani
khimti pharpu fedi-namadi khahare-betali bazar-
28 310M02B20 B 4,5 18.99
lisekhani-bhittari khani
29 310M02B4 B 3 bhimsenthan-rasnalu-chhetrigau-dharapani 8.39
Ekamfedi-Chaurpaatal-Daangardingar-Jhulepani-
30 310M02B3 B 2 9.71
Laapchaani
31 310M02B10 B 5 Zero Kilo-Bhanubhakta-Kande-Basse-Vittari Khani 15.16
32 310M02B11 B 5 Boriganga-Sisneri-setidevi Sadak 4.94
33 310M02B2 B 1 chuchure-ilchhire-serding-gumdel 0.84
34 310M02B2 B 1 chuchure-ilchhire-serding-gumdel 25.05
35 310M02B1 B 1 shivalaya-manedada-sangbadada 3.67
36 310M02B12 B 5 Zero Kilo-Khahare-Gogantar Sadak 4.00
4.6 Briefs on Major Municipality Roads
The the municipal level roads as per technical judgments and perspective has
presented in Table. The whole municipality roads shall be classified into four
categories including class A, class B, class C and class D. The roads in the table are
the major roads which fall under road class A and class B. The details of each road
with various attributes has presented in Annex in report.
4.7 Lists of Major Ward Roads
List on Major Ward Roads with Coding (Class C , D & E Roads)

Length
SN Code Class Ward Name
(Km)
37 310M02C21 C 4 sat dhara- haluwa- chapleti-deurali 4.71
Dorje Manetar-Vittari-Tagam Chhanga-Paatle
38 310M02C8 C 2 1.70
Khiji
39 310M02C9P C 2 Dorje- Manetar -Taagam -Chhanga- Paatle Khiji 1.32
40 310M02C1 C 1 mehele-baluwa-majhkharka -intake sadak 8.91
41 310M02C2 C 1 chaurikhola-bhaisikharka 2.22
42 310M02C2P C 1 chaurikhola-bhaisikharka 3.64
43 310M02C11 C 3 dhadbari- thami tole -thakalitar 4.01
44 310M02C29 C 6 Dundgaira-Jyamkiri-Kanle Sadak 3.08
45 310M02C29P C 6 Dundgaira-Jyamkiri-Kanle Sadak 1.40
46 310M02C3 C 1 gumba-fhaparbaridada 2.04
47 310M02C22 C 5 Thulo Odaar-Amfee- chitre Sadak 3.76 2022
48 310M02C10 C 2 Tagam-Birauta-Jalkali- Singate 1.36
49 310M02C23 C 5 Shiva Buddh-Thadee-Lalichowk Sadak 2.47
50 310M02C30 C 6 Dharakhola-Budhabaas Sadak 1.14
51 310M02C12 C 3 burke-okhre-baghkhor 1.00
52 310M02C31 C 6 Bhanjyang Danda-Gumba-Dund Gaira Sadak 2.55
53 310M02C13 C 3 purano bari-diki-kharikhola 4.21
54 310M02C32 C 6 Gau Kharka-Gumba Danda Sadak 0.77
55 310M02C24 C 5 Thulchaur-Vairavthan-Gairi-Patal Sadak 1.76
56 310M02C24P C 5 Thulchaur-Vairavthan-Gairi-Patal Sadak 1.22
57 310M02C14 C 3 kagate-birauta 3.03
58 310M02C25 C 5 Danda Swara-Gairi-Patal Paha Khola Sadak 4.16
59 310M02C4 C 1 chuchure siran tole- manedada 0.77
60 310M02C15 C 3 bhimsenthan kudar-palati pul 3.12
61 310M02C26 C 5 Kamala Devi-Khatri Danda farpu Sadak 0.73
62 310M02C16 C 3 bimere- kudar 1.16
63 310M02C33 C 6 Majhuwa-Dovan Khola Sadak 0.55
64 310M02C33P C 6 Majhuwa-Dovan Khola Sadak 1.11
65 310M02C27 C 5 Kaalika Aavi-Majhuwa Sadak 0.82
BaarPipal-Shivalaya AaVi-ChaaChala-Banchare
66 310M02C28P C 5 0.65
Sadak
BaarPipal-Shivalaya AaVi-ChaaChala-Banchare
67 310M02C28 C 5 2.74
Sadak
68 310M02C17 C 3 dhadbari- darkha 1.55
69 310M02C5 C 1 devithan-dobankhola-jaubari 2.57
70 310M02C18P C 3 paatle chowk- health post-keurini 0.67
71 310M02C19 C 4 chihan gaira-chautara-palate 2.57
saba dhunga-mahankal than- jamune khimti khola
72 310M02C20 C 4 3.72
krisi
73 310M02C6 C 2 Thosey-Lisey-Aarubote-Daangardingar Sadak 4.25
74 310M02C7 C 2 Ekamfedi-Dandagaun- serpam Gumba 3.24
75 310M02D47 D 4 kattike- khel maidan- niure 2.95
76 310M02D66 D 5 Bagdhara-Kalimati-Chaachala 2.06
77 310M02D15 D 2 Aarupate Gaira- siranetar 0.88
78 310M02D24 D 3 damahadada- jatteswor mandir 1.51
79 310M02D48 D 4 health post mode- chapleti 1.89
80 310M02D2P D 1 sherpa tole-pariyar tole 0.54
81 310M02D25 D 3 lamchetar-khapte dhunga-baluwa gairo 3.62
82 310M02D49 D 4 halagade-daduwa-dadabari- niure 2.03
83 310M02D16 D 2 Vasme-Chankey Hitidanda Sadak 2.21
84 310M02D3 D 1 pairokhola-laharebhasme 1.02
85 310M02D50 D 4 deurali- thula chaur sadak 0.53
86 310M02D94 D 6 Paati Sawara-Waga Danda Sadak 0.74
87 310M02D4 D 1 purano healthpost-ghaat 0.61
88 310M02D17P D 2 Taagam-Birauta-Jalkali- Singate 1.82
89 310M02D95 D 6 Pujari Khola-Yadali-Sisneri-Farphu Khola Sadak 1.43
90 310M02D95P D 6 Pujari Khola-Yadali-Sisneri-Farphu Khola Sadak 0.26
91 310M02D67 D 5 Thaade-Dhaade-Paatal-Thuldhunga-Kanle Sadak 4.74
92 310M02D67P D 5 Thaade-Dhaade-Paatal-Thuldhunga Sadak 0.67
93 310M02D5 D 1 gairachaake-khola birauta 2.52
94 310M02D18 D 2 Kamigaun-Aahaldada 0.40
95 310M02D26 D 3 majuwa-chokte-mathillo majuwa 1.50
96 310M02D96 D 6 Dharakhola Chambot Sadak 1.19
97 310M02D68 D 5 Chitre-Sirwani Sadak 2.01
98 310M02D6 D 1 dewalichaur-dharapani 0.48
99 310M02D6P D 1 dewalichaur-dharapani 0.91
100 310M02D26P D 3 majuwa-chokte-mathillo majuwa 0.75
101 310M02D51 D 4 jugepani - chor katera 0.62
102 310M02D69 D 5 Pingdanda-Chokte Sakak 0.37 2022
103 310M02D7 D 1 sanebari-galamdada 0.49
104 310M02D70 D 5 Mahadevthan-Paatle-Munadevi Sadak 1.86
105 310M02D19 D 2 Kopche-Dandagaun-Sotre 1.51
106 310M02D1 D 1 chyapsekhola-jhakritole-ilchhire 1.18
107 310M02D20 D 2 Hitidanda-Sanghutar-Siranghar Sadak 1.02
108 310M02D52 D 4 chhipchhipe-khel maidan 0.65
109 310M02D71 D 5 Naake Danda-Jhule-KulamuhanSakak 1.79
110 310M02D8 D 1 chyapsekhola-jhakritole-ilchhire 0.57
111 310M02D21 D 2 Kesari Dada-Gairigaun-Chyapraang 1.87
112 310M02D27 D 3 jhule dada-baaskateri 2.43
113 310M02D53 D 4 tallo kattike-palate 1.33
114 310M02D22 D 2 Bhumethan-Setidevi-Sakhudhing 0.32
115 310M02D54 D 4 majhuwa chaur- ramite 0.28
116 310M02D22P D 2 bhumethan-setidevi-sakhudhing 0.28
117 310M02D55 D 4 badeli-asare-dadabari- bhangja pul 2.60
118 310M02D97 D 6 Harisiddhe -Narkhule-Dudule Sadak 1.51
119 310M02D72 D 5 Matokhadi-Dandagaun-Gaahate Sadak 1.03
120 310M02D9 D 1 sunartole- thapa tole-tharakhari 0.19
121 310M02D23P D 2 bigu lakuridada-jaubari 1.41
122 310M02D28 D 3 bank-phapsu-dhadbari 0.89
123 310M02D56 D 4 til khoriya- ratmata- gaira 1.97
124 310M02D98 D 6 Saaune-Vittari-Pahirey Sadak 2.23
125 310M02D73 D 5 Gahaate-Bhulbhule-Vairabthan Sadak 0.91
126 310M02D9P D 1 sunartole- thapatole-tharakhari khola 0.46
127 310M02D29 D 3 bank- pargeli bari 0.24
128 310M02D57 D 4 jourumta-dhoka kharka 1.28
129 310M02D99P D 6 Simal Golai-Nayaghar Sadak 0.85
130 310M02D58 D 4 darme-rat mate dada 0.50
131 310M02D74 D 5 Kaamitar-Teendhare-Damaitoll Sadak 1.00
132 310M02D30 D 3 pakhuri dil- dhunga gaade 1.22
133 310M02D59 D 4 jaubari- badelmara 0.81
134 310M02D100 D 6 Saaune-Kalakhola Sadak 1.85
135 310M02D75 D 5 Saureni-Lalibaaku Sadak 1.12
136 310M02D60 D 4 gau khet- kot pipal 0.44
137 310M02D101P D 6 Lahare Toll-Okhar Bot-Football Ground 0.46
138 310M02D31 D 3 devigaira-kalimati 0.64
139 310M02D61 D 4 dhadapakha-bhimsenthan-haluwa 1.51
140 310M02D10 D 1 resort-kopche-sotreni 1.65
141 310M02D32 D 3 surke mane-dobhan 1.94
142 310M02D62 D 4 jogi khola-dhikure dada 0.42
143 310M02D76P D 5 Pokhari-Tarke-Oodal ko Fed Sadak 0.64
144 310M02D63 D 4 dada bari-mulpani machhapokhari 0.70
145 310M02D77 D 5 Paaiswara-Sim-Kalimati Sadak 1.42
146 310M02D64 D 4 daduwa-kabre khola 0.35
147 310M02D78 D 5 Gurasee-Powerhouse-Chanchalaa Sadak 0.99
148 310M02D79P D 5 Gurasee-Powerhouse-Chanchalaa Sadak 1.12
149 310M02D33P D 3 chapleti-hudumpa 0.47
150 310M02D65 D 4 lamatar- khoriya 0.98
151 310M02D80 D 5 Milan Chowk-Dhaande Sakak 0.35
152 310M02D11 D 1 jamdartole-bhasmedada-phaparbari 1.09
153 310M02D34 D 3 thamitole - sano birauta 1.81
154 310M02D81 D 5 Simkharka-Amfee Sadak 1.15
155 310M02D11P D 1 jamdartole-bhasmedada-phaparbari 0.31
156 310M02D35 D 3 thakalitar-khatri tole 0.48
157 310M02D82 D 5 Danafed -Chanchala Sadak 0.49
158 310M02D12 D 1 olane khola- barhamane-baluwa 0.28
159 310M02D13P D 1 olane khola-barhamane-baluwa 0.88 2022
160 310M02D36 D 3 batase-aalu form 2.13
161 310M02D83P D 5 Ramite-Sunarpaani-Birta Sadak 0.67
162 310M02D14 D 1 kamidada-surke 1.45
163 310M02D37 D 3 raja kharka-harkate 2.55
164 310M02D84P D 5 Purano Kharka-Aahal-Virkuna Sadak 0.76
165 310M02D38 D 3 machhinu khola- jhule tole 0.31
166 310M02D85P D 5 Aarubote-Rumti-Simle Sadak 1.30
167 310M02D39 D 3 daabre-thamdada 3.28
168 310M02D86 D 5 majhghar dhungedada sarkitole thulo chaur sadak 0.85
169 310M02D40 D 3 majhkharka-tham 0.59
170 310M02D87 D 5 Khalsaa-Gaurishankar Sadguru Dham Sadak 0.86
171 310M02D41 D 3 football ground - saptabhumi kivi center 1.02
172 310M02D88 D 5 Devithan-Vatmasse Sadak 0.68
173 310M02D88P D 5 Devithan-Vatmasse Sadak 0.20
174 310M02D42 D 3 dadagau- matane tole 0.18
175 310M02D89P D 5 Teendhare-Gairagaun-Namadi BazaarSadak 1.28
176 310M02D43 D 3 chhetri gau-karki tole -jhakre 1.62
177 310M02D90 D 5 Danafed-Rumti-Kalimati Sadak 0.29
178 310M02D91P D 5 Danafed-Rumti-Kalimati Sadak 0.43
179 310M02D44 D 3 thakalitar-chuche dhunga 0.75
Namadi Bazar-Oda Karyala-Ghairagahar-
180 310M02D92 D 5 0.05
Kamigaun Sadak
Namadi Bazar-Oda Karyala-Ghairagahar-
181 310M02D93P D 5 0.57
Kamigaun Sadak
182 310M02D45 D 3 madevsthan mandir-chhetrigau 0.55
183 310M02D46P D 3 jhule tole - healthpost 0.29
184 310M02E1 E 1 chyapsekhola-pakhatole 0.68
185 310M02E2 E 1 chuchure-oda karyalaya-chyapsekhola 0.45
186 310M02E4 E 1 nunthala-lamichhane tole 0.30
187 310M02E5 E 1 bhujel tole-tamang tole 0.22
188 310M02E3 E 1 pakhatole jhakritole sadak 2.08
189 310M02E6 E 1 nunthala-mathhilo tamang tole 0.11
190 310M02E7 E 1 bajhghari-bhirthumki 0.60
191 310M02E8 E 1 dadaghaderi-majhkharka gau 0.70
192 310M02E9 E 1 kadetar-paachpale 1.80
193 310M02E10P E 1 chaake-homestay-aahal 0.47
4.8 Municipality Inventory Map of Road Network (MIM)
The inventory map of road network of the municipality has presented as a

map which isattached in annex.
2022
Chapter 5. RURAL MUNICIPALITY TRANSPORT PERSPECTIVE

PLAN
5.1 . OVERVIEW
The purpose of preparation of RMTMP for Gokulganga rural municipality is

concerned with achieving directly or indirectly the following objectives:
• Improve the connectivity between different parts of the municipality.
• Provide outdoor recreation and destination access.
• Promote development practices that mitigate environmental impacts.
• Enhance transitional areas by creating public spaces within the built environment.
• Recognize the value of traditional neighborhood components parks and public
spaces, integrated public services and infrastructure systems, distinct character
attributes and design features, neighborhood centers, etc.
• Coordinate future development practices with expansion of public services and
infrastructure systems.
• Provide capacity to prepare for and minimize dam-age from natural events.
• Make services available that meet the needs and demands of a diverse community.
• Establish development patterns which enable alternative forms of transportation.
• Acknowledge the inherent link between land use and transportation systems.
• Recognize the value of mixed-use areas to improve municipality public spaces,
connectivity, character, and planning.
• Support the municipality’s economic activity centers and economic base.
Moreover, for sustained development of the municipality, proper plans should be

formulated for different sectors and their coordination with one another is equally
important.
• Environmental planning
• Transportation plan
• Community facilities and services plan
• Education plan
• Economy planning, etc.
2022
Figure 5 Land Use Transportation Cycle
5.2 SHORT TERM MUNICIPAL TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN (FIVE

YEARS)
Transportation planning involves a broad consideration of a large number of strategies

and alternatives, an evaluation from different angles, the collaborative participation of
relevant transportation-related agencies and organizations, and timely public
involvement. It plays a vital role in realizing the vision of a nation, region, district, or
municipality.
Short term planning focuses on maintenance and upgrading of the existing road
networks to the proposed standards to support present and future transport demand. It
provides a direction towards the execution of medium- and long-term plans. Like in
any other planning process, active involvement of the planners and the associated
public is necessary in short term planning. The interventions are applied to the road
sections based on their priorities and the available annual budget.
If successfully implemented, the five-year-program will result in organized

development and maintenance of access road linkages and class C and class D roads
(also some class A and class B roads based on priority), later on justifying the
construction and development of higher hierarchy roads in the medium and long term
plans.
Through short term plan, accessibility scenario is improved in all wards of the
municipality, thereby leading towards the next step which is increased mobility which
in turn enhances the access to much wider horizon. Only then, comprehensive and
sustainable public transport services can be established to accomplish intra-municipal
and inter-municipal transport needs. Ultimately, improved overall transportation
scenario triggers other development activities within and around the municipality
which causes an increase in demand of transport facilities, sometimes beyond an
anticipated level, and the plans will have to be revised and new plans formulated
accordingly.
Other plans such as land use plan, city development plan and drainage network master
plan should be developed in compliance with the Municipal Transport Master Plan
and later MTMP needs to be modified considering all these plans
5.3 Grading and Nomenclature of Roads 2022
Road network serve for direct access to the particular land-use by the provision of
pedestrian footpaths, bicycle tracks, bus and vehicle routes and cater through traffic
that is not related to immediate land uses. Functional provisions of passenger and
goods movement mainly define the hierarchy of roads and their classification. On the
basis of this concept, roads are classified as per their function. Road class is related to
the technical standard and functional requirements. Therefore, road classification
should be based on its functional hierarchy. It is important to distinguish roads in
different class or type based on various criteria. A road hierarchy is a means of
defining each roadway in terms of its function such that appropriate objectives for that
roadway can be set and appropriate design criteria can be implemented. It is an
important instrument of road network and land use planning.
Figure 9 Conceptual Hierarchy Figure 8 Road Network Hierarchy Figure 7 Urban Road Hierarchy
There are restrictions of direct linkage between various kinds of road-hierarchy. In

other words, direct connections between certain types of road links should be reduced,
for example residential streets and arterial roads. Connections between similar order
streets should be made (e.g. arterial to arterial) or between street types that are
separated by one level in the hierarchy (e.g. arterial to highway and collector to
arterial.). This conceptual framework can be seen from Figure 9, Figure 10 and Figure
11. These hierarchical distinctions of road types becomes more clear when
considering the recommended design specifications for the number of through lanes,
design speed, intersection spacing and driveway access.
A well-formed road hierarchy increases the performance and efficiency of the

particular type of road as well as of the entire road network. Furthermore, it reduces
overall impact of traffic by concentrating longer distance flow onto routes in less
sensitive locations, ensuring land uses and activities that are incompatible with traffic
flow are restricted from routes where traffic movement should predominate and
preserving areas where through traffic is discouraged.
The concepts of road hierarchy assist in planning of overall road network and its
transport services. Different hierarchy of road has different effect in surrounding areas
and other roadways. Hierarchies of roads enable urban design principles such as
accessibility, connectivity, efficiency, amenity and safety. Further, it also identifies
treatments such as barriers, buffers and landscaping to preserve amenity for adjacent
land uses. Thus, a proper plan should accommodate all users of the urban streets in
planning, designing and construction of the road infrastructure and furniture.
Municipality road network can be conceptualized by considering the functional
hierarchy as arterial, sub-arterial and urban roads of various categories such as Class
A, Class B, Class C and Class D.
Right of Way for Roads of different Classes:
The DTMP guideline has expected roads under category of National
Highway (NH), Feeder Roads (FR) and District Roads (DRCN) within the
municipality area. The RoW of these roads are considered as per
respective Guidelines. i.e the RoW of National Highways, Feeder Roads 2022
and District Roads are 50.0 m, 30.0 m and 20.0 m. The guideline has
clearly stated about the setback distance for these roads (having RoW ≥
20.0 m) as 6.0 m on either side. All of these standards shall be applied to
the municipality accordingly.
Urban Road Class and Features
Table 2 Urban Road Class and Features
Minimum Minimum Set-back

Road Class Descriptions
RoW (m) Distance (m)
NH National Highways
PRN Provincial Road Network As prescribed As Prescribed
A Main Collector 14
2.0m (DTMP
B Other Collector 10
Guideline) and
C Main Tole Road 8 1.5m (Building
Guideline)
D Other Tole Road 6
Based on RMTMP guideline, the building line or setback shall be

maintained 6.0 m for roads having RoW equal to or more than 20.0 m and
2.0 m for other roads. However Nepal Road Standards-2070 has
considered the setback distance at curved section only and that should be
sufficient to provide the adequate sight distance. It is silent about the
building line.
(Source: Fundamental Guidelines for Settlement Development, Urban

Planning and Building
Construction-2072 (2015 AD)
2022
However, according to Fundamental Guidelines for Settlement

Development, Urban Planning and Building Construction-2072
(2015 AD), the minimum setback distance for urban roads as 1.5 m on
either side. Again the minimum of RoW of roads has set as 6.0 m.
i.e. 3.0 m on either side form the centerline. A portion of this guideline has
presented herewith.
Urban Road Classification
Roads under jurisdiction of Municipal authority are referred as urban roads. The
classification practices of urban roads basically are guided by the functional hierarchy
of roads. In the context of Nepal, Department of Roads (DoR) has classified urban
roads as Arterial, Sub-arterial, Collector and Local/Residential Street in its Urban
Road Standard 2068 (draft). The ToR provided for the preparation of RMTMP has
formulated the class of roads intoA, B, C and D.
Class D
H05
Class B
F037
Class A
H17
Class A
Class C
Figure 10 Detail description of road class
The fundamental parameters of the urban road are shown in Table 2

Municipality has a complete road network hierarchy consisting of
National Highways, Feeder Roads, District Roads and Urban Roads of all
four classes. The conceptual layout based on the functional hierarchy of 2022
the entire road network is shown in Above Figure.
National Highways
Arterial roads in Municipality are taken as the links of National Highways. The
technical standards of these roads are taken from the DoR directives for Right of
Way (RoW) andother features.
Provincial Road
Provincial roads are taken as the sub-arterial road in Municipality. The technical
standards for this category are taken as mentioned by the DoR road Standard. These
roads have relatively higher traffic with through movement of local vehicles.
Class A Roads
Class A roads serve as the major collector roads. These roads start either from the
Arterial or Sub-Arterial road. These roads are of relatively long distance which
connect big market or settlement areas or two or more wards centers within the
Municipality.
Class B Roads
Class B roads are of secondary type of collector roads. These may serve as the
collector to the Class A roads with the relatively lower geometric standard.
Intersection and otherparameters may be taken as similar as Class A roads.
Class C and Class D Roads
Class C roads are residential street and they provide access to the private
property and small industrial or public place. These roads serve mainly for small/light
vehicular movement for low volume intensity. If these roads connect one or more
residential blocks then they are taken as Class C. If they collect from or end to the
single residential block then they are referred as Class D roads. These serve for
internal traffic movement without through traffic movement.
Coding of Municipality Roads
All road links within the Municipality are given unique code number
consisting of ten digits . The coding system for particular road link is
described below:
 First digit (1 to 7) represents the number of Province. Code 3

stands for Bagmati Province .
 Second and third digits represent particular district (1 to 77 ).
Ramechhap District is coded by 10.
 Fourth code M represents for the Rural Municipality.
 Fifth and sixth digits represent particular name (1 to 99 for
particular municipality) ofthe municipality in the district.
Gokulganga rural municipality is coded by 04.
 Seventh code indicates letter A to E for particular Class of road.
 Next three digits (1 to 999) represent the particular transport linkage.
After all the code numbers, road name is written. An example of the code
number and roadin Gokulganga rural municipality is shown as
2022
3 1 0 M 0 2 A 0 0 1
5.4 Typical Cross Sections of Municipal Roads
The existing transport linkages (except the Strategic Road Network (SRN) linkages)
within the Municipality are referred as Municipal Roads. These roads have been
classified based on their functional hierarchy. Geometric features of these roads may
vary as per the availability of RoW and roadside land-use pattern. Typical cross-
sections of these roads have been described below.
Road Class A (Main Collector)
These roads are major transportation corridors within the municipal territory. These
roads are assumed to have higher traffic and they pass through along the east to west
or north to south of the municipal area. Further, these roads connect major settlements
or market areas within the municipality. Functionally, these roads collect the traffic
from major settlements, tourist area to the SRN linkages. As per the available RoW
and land-use pattern typical cross-sections may be selected as shown in Figure below
Minimum RoW for class A road is 14 m.
Type III
2 TL
2 Footpaths
RoW = 14 m
Pavement width = 7.5 m
TL TL
3.25 7.5 3.25
14 m
Right of Way
Typical Cross-section for Class A Roads (with RoW 14 m)
Road Class B (Other Collector Roads)
These roads serve as collector road from relatively small settlements and having less
traffic flow. The minimum RoW for such class of roads is 10 m. The typical cross
section with the minimum RoW is shown in Figure Bellow
Type III 2022
2 TL
2 Footpaths
RoW = 10 m
Pavement width = 7.5 m
TL TL
1.5 7.5 1.5
10 m
Road Class C (Tole Roads)
These types of urban roads are for the purpose of residential access. Residential
streets are designed for the lower traffic volume, especially private transport.
Therefore, RoW for this class of roads is designed for single lane pavement.
Minimum RoW strip for such class of road is 6 m. Typical cross-sections as per the
available RoW are shown in Figure Bellow
F F
 2 TL
TL TL
 2 Footpaths
 RoW = 8 m
 Pavement width = 5.5 m
1.5 6 1.5
8m
Right of Way
Typical Cross lass C Roads (RoW 8 m)
 2 TL
 2 Footpaths
 RoW = 8 m
 Pavement width = 6 m
Right of Way
Figure 20, Typical Cross lass C Roads (RoW 8 m)
Road Class D (Other Tole Roads)
These types of roads are constructed only in residential areas. Minimum RoW for
such roads is 4 m. However, the RoW for new or planned Class D roads (residential
roads) should have at least 6 m RoW. Typical cross section for such road is shown
Figure Bellow
2022
 1 TL
 1 Footpath
 RoW = 6 m
TL
4.0 m 2.0
6.0 m
Right of Way
 1 TL
 2 Footpaths TL
 RoW = 6 m
1.0 4.0 1.0
6m
Right of Way
Urban Roads (typical )
 1 TL
 1 Footpath
 RoW = 6 m TL
3.0 m 1.0
6.0 m
Right of Way
Typical Cross section for Urban Roads (RoW 6 m)
These types of roads are constructed only in residential areas. The RoW for such
roads is less than 6.0 m m. However, the building guideline has clearly stated that the
minimum widthor road as 6.0 m, the widening of roads at city core area without land
planning is no justified technically. Municipality shall develop a plan to widen these
roads in order to meet the building guideline criteria soon. But the new construction
of road should have minimum widthof 6.0 m.
5.5 PREPARATION OF PRESPECTIVE PLAN OF RURAL

M U N C I P A L I T Y TRANSPORT NETWORK
The required interventions of services and facilities were identified from the
accessibility analysis and compilation of ward level workshops. The demand on
required interventions of road infrastructures services and facilities were collected in
prescribed ward demand forms by organizing ward level meetings and workshops.
During the final Rural Municipality level workshop, theRural Municipality standard
of time and quality accessibility for every service and facilities will be decided. The
required intervention of all services and facilities will be identified and finalized on
workshop on the basis of Accessibility Indicator (AI). The Prioritized sector of
services and prioritization of wards for every sector will be done at municipality level 2022
based on AI.
In transportation sector, list of roads, bridges and required interventions for respective
roads and bridges were identified to improve accessibility to goods and services
within the Municipality. The perspective plan of Rural Municipality Road was
prepared for 20 years.
The interventions of services and facilities for the improvement of the access situation
will be discussed first with the municipality technical team and the RMRCC, and only
upon their recommendation should be forwarded to Rural Municipality Council
meetings, hence the final perspective plan of municipality roads will be developed.
The final perspective plan shall be shown in GIS maps also.
5.6 SCORING OF TRANSPORT LINKAGE
All roads are of importance in some way, some serve large population, whereas some
serve the purpose of access, while some link the ward with market or service facilities
and some links act as connectors between two wards or municipalities. It is not
possible to construct/maintain or upgrade all roads at a time due to various constraints
such as time, resources and cost. Considering the importance of road, some roads
need intervention immediately and some can be done later on. Thus, each link in a
network needs to be prioritized and various interventions need to be taken based on
the prioritization. In simple words, rank of each road network needs to be assessed
based on its importance and the intervention is taken based on rank.
MTMP Guideline has clearly specified the criteria and socio-economic data required
for scoring of transport linkage. Survey Field team have collected the socio-economic
and population data of all transport linkage and on the basis of this data following
scoring results was obtained which are displayed below in table format on descending
order of score.
2022
5.7 PLAN OF INTERVENTION OF SERVICES AND FACILITIES
The required interventions regarding conservation, improvement and new

construction of the district road core network have been prepared. It provides a
complete list of all works required in the RMRCN, which together form the Rural
Municipality Transport Perspective Plan (RMTPP). For the works forming part of the
RMTPP, chapter 4 will subsequently provide cost estimation, while chapter 5 will
rank the works according to priority and chapter 6 will select those priority works that
can be carried out in the next 5 years and thus form part of the Rural Municipality
Transport Master Plan (RMTMP). All the identified interventions were screened and
rated on the basis of approved criteria. A discussion of Survey field Team members,
Municipality Technical Team, and RMRCC relating to interventions of services and
facilities was performed during field visit and after finishing field work and following
results were obtained.
Conservation
Conservation refers to the actions required to repair a road and keep it in good and
passable condition. For RMTMP planning purposes standard costs per kilometer for
each maintenance type are applied to the entire Municipality Road core network,
whereby for certain maintenance type’s distinction is made according to the surface
type of the road. Identification of the actual maintenance requirements of each road is
made annually in the ARMP. Conservation activities include:
1． Emergency maintenance - Basic repairs aimed at removing landslides and
repairing damage to the road that inhibit the proper use of the road and make it
impassable. This mainly takes place during and after the rainy season. A provisional
lump sum is reserved for the entire Municipality Road core network based on the
network length. Allocation to specific road sections is based on the actual need for 2022
clearing landslides or repairing washouts and cuts in the road.
2． Routine maintenance - General maintenance of the road aimed at preventing

damage by ensuring the proper working of the different road elements
(retaining walls, drainage system, carriageway, etc.) and cutting vegetation. This is
carried out each
year on a more or less continuous basis. Routine maintenance is required for the
entire muncipality road core network. The specific requirements for routine
maintenance are determined on an annual basis through the road condition survey and
defined in the ARMP.
3． Recurrent maintenance - Repairs of minor damage to the road surface and road
structures to bring them back to good condition. This is generally carried out once or
twice a year. Recurrent maintenance is required for the entire
Municipality Road core network, whereby distinction is made according to the surface
type. The specific requirements for recurrent maintenance are determined on an
annual basis through the road condition survey and defined in the ARMP.
4． Periodic maintenance- larger repairs to the road largely aimed at renewing the
road surface through re-gravelling, resealing or overlays. It is generally carried out
with several years' interval. Although periodic maintenance is only required for
specific sections of the Municipality Road core network, a lump sum allocation is
made for the entire Municipality road core network based on average
annual requirements, distinguishing between different surface types. The specific
periodic maintenance requirements are determined on an annual basis through the
annual road condition survey and defined in the ARMP.
Improvement
Improvement refers to actions required to improve a road to bring it to a maintainable
all-weather standard. It includes the following actions, which for Gokulganga rural
municipality are described in more detail in the subsequent sections.
1. Rehabilitation- Significant repairs required to bring a very poor road back to a
maintainable standard. This does not include any changes to the original surface type.
2. Gravelling- Placement of a gravel layer to make it all-weather and ensure that
the road remains passable during the rainy season.
3. Cross Drainage-Placement of suitable cross-drainage structures with the aim

of making the road all-weather and ensuring that the road remains passable even
during the rainy season.
4. Protective Structures-Placement of retaining walls and lined side drains to

avoid excessive damage to the road during the rainy season and bring it to a
maintainable standard.
5. Blacktopping-Placement of a blacktop layer in roads with traffic volumes

exceeding 50 passenger car units (PCU) to reduce damage to the road surface.
6. Widening-Increase of the road width in roads with traffic volumes

exceeding 500 passenger car units (PCU) to ensure the proper flow of traffic.
Table 3 Right of Way 2022
Road Class ROW(meter)
A 14
B
10
C 8
D 6
Widening
Widening of the Municipality Road network is required only in specific locations to

bring it up to the minimum standard and to ensure sufficient space in the curves.
Additional widening to a higher standard is not required because traffic volumes
remain very low in those places.
However, during field study no such location was identified which require urgent
widening. Moreover, local people also did not demand widening of any transport
linkage but, they say to fix and maintain a reasonable and realistic right of way (Row)
for roads of different categories. Right of way (Row) for different category of road is
recommended in final chapter.
New Construction
There is 40.97 km. pressing need of constructing new transport linkage in Gokulganga
rural municipality, however some roads demanded by local people as new
construction road are incorporated in Municipality Inventory Map and are treated as
class D tole roads. These class D tole roads are listed in Perspective Plan of
municipality and appropriate intervention is assigned to them according to their
relative priority.
5.8 RMTMP Cost Estimation
For the cost estimation, use has been made of standard costs for the different activities
required. For the conservation activities this results in an estimation of annual costs,
while for improvement and new
construction activities this result in an estimation of the total costs required.
Conservation
The costs of the required conservation measures have been calculated using the
following standard costs. These standard costs have been applied to the Municipality
Road network. It must be noted here that the standard costs for periodic maintenance
are the average annual costs, but that the cost for applying periodic maintenance in a
specific section every several years will be higher (the cumulative cost of several
years). The estimated costs for the first year are presented below, while the costs for
subsequent years will vary slightly as road surface types change as a result of
improvements. Detailed cost estimations for the actual maintenance needs in any
given year will be presented in the ARMP.
Chapter 6. RURAL MUNCIPALITY TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN 2022
6.1 GENERAL
Considering the Perspective Plan, the prioritization of the Perspective Plan was done
according to the Doli approach manual. Subsequently, the updated five-year RMTMP
of the Municipality was prepared by selecting interventions (maintenance, upgrading
and new construction of main trails, trail bridges and roads) that have top priority in
the perspective plan and that could be implemented in the next five years period,
based on cost estimates of maintenance, upgrading, rehabilitation and new
construction of main trails, trail bridges and roads and available financial resources.
The ward and village level consultations were conducted to identify the potential
areas and road alignments which need new construction / intervention / rehabilitation/
maintenance. The alignments were prioritized on the basis transport linkage and
demand from the local level. The scoring criteria form helped to select the area of
more importance and screen the specific road if more than one road is demanded from
each ward. The updated field information such as road alignment, name, code, length,
surface type was gathered using Global Positioning System (GPS). The alignments of
existing roads, potential roads and roads to be upgraded were tracked through GPS.
The locations of roads of new construction/intervention/rehabilitation/maintenance
were captured in GPS. The collected field survey data was overlaid in Google earth
and the alignment was digitized. Following maps were prepared:
 Administrative Boundary of Gokulganga rural municipality

 Consolidated RMTMP Map showing Road Classes
 Consolidated RMTMP Map showing Status of Road Classes
 Consolidated RMTMP Map showing Status of Upgradation Road Classes
 RMTMP Maps of necessity of new construction of minor bridge and slab culvert
6.2 FIVE YEAR PROJECTED FINANCIAL PLAN AND SHARING OF

FUNDS
The projected financial resources for the next five years are estimated by considering
all possible funding sources. The funding levels are based on the existing trend of
funding. An annual increase in funding of 10% is assumed for all funding sources.
Considering previous year budget allocation data first year budget for transportation
sector in Gokulganga rural municipality is 70 million.
During the preparation of RMTMP, the investment from total available resources
under road sector for different classes of the road can be distributed as.
A portion of 30% for maintenance at first and then remaining 30% shall be distributed
as.
a. Main Collector road---------Class A; ------------>=40%

b. Other Collector road--------Class B; ------------<=30%
c. Main Tole road---------------Class C; ------------<=20%
d. Other road-------------------Class D &E ; -------------<=10%
2022
Table 7: Estimated Funding in transportation sector of Gokulganga
31002 - Gokulganga / गोकुलग गा - 7. FUNDING

Expected funding amount (NPR)
Funding source 2079/80 2080/81 2081/82 2082/83 2083/84
Grand Total
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Fiscal
Equalization 45,305,100 49,835,610 54,819,171 60,301,088 66,331,197 276,592,166
Grant
Conditional
44,061,600 48,467,760 53,314,536 58,645,990 64,510,589 269,000,474
Grants
intrnal Income 16,360,200 17,996,220 19,795,842 21,775,426 23,952,969 99,880,657
Local royality 2,100,000 2,310,000 2,541,000 2,795,100 3,074,610 12,820,710

Nepal
government 57,698,000 63,467,800 69,814,580 76,796,038 84,475,642 352,252,060
Royality
Complementary
3,249,100 3,574,010 3,931,411 4,324,552 4,757,007 19,836,080
Grants
Special Grants 2,800,000 3,080,000 3,388,000 3,726,800 4,099,480 17,094,280
Total budget 171,574,000 188,731,400 207,604,540 228,364,994 251,201,493 1,047,476,427
Investment given in above table shall be distributed in accordance with priority of

respective transport linkage and respective intervention as stated in ranking table in
excel sheets.
Moreover, it is not necessary to make investment on all transport linkage given in

Perspective Plan, but roads having higher priority should be worked first and
moderate priority in second year and roads having lesser priority in flowing years.
2022
Chapter 7. CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION

7.1 SUMMARY AND FINDINGS
From the entire study of field and different types of GIS based map preparation and
information collection and analysis at different location during field study, it was
found that ineffective development planning, lack of education, public awareness,
topography of Gokulganga rural municipality is the main hindrance for development
of efficient transport facility in the region. During the interaction meeting among local
communities, the people expectations were found high. This report has thus prepared
by clarifying the existing real situation of transport infrastructure and need of their
improvement and upgrading to some extend so as to fulfill local needs. The RMTMP
therefore needs to be prepared for the purpose of systematic transport planning.
In field we have collected traffic flow data and ward demand form which contains list
of all existing and needed transportation linkages along with their relative priority.
Socio-economic data like population, household number, local productivity etc. was
also collected which are of great importance in scoring the transportation linkage to
find their actual prioritization.
It has been found that most of village tole roads were 3 m. to 4 m. wide earthen roads
which cannot provide service throughout the year, thus local people strongly
demanded that these roads should be upgraded to Graveled road along with widening
and provision for lateral and cross drainage as soon as possible.
Most of native people asked for upgrading of agricultural road as soon as possible, as
this road is of great importance for farmers to transport their products to market
centers, transportation of manures and equipment's.
Peoples residing in market centers also demanded for rehabilitation of market roads
with construction of efficient and sufficient drainage facilities as most of roads in
market have exposed subbase making them dusty in dry season and muddy in wet
season.
During field study we also identified and located a number of sites for, cross drainage
structures like causeways and culverts, bridges etc.
7.2 RECOMMENDATION
Roads
Roads are the foundation of transportation system. They represent one of the
largest public infrastructure investments within the city. Roads significantly
affect the economic vitality and competitiveness of the Gokulganga, as they
facilitate the movement of goods and services, emergency response services, and
people using public and private vehicles, taxis, bicycles and active modes.
Roads serve a variety of functions and transportation modes, and provide connections
between modes (for example, automobile to air travel). The needs of these various
modes often compete for the same limited resources, such as physical space and
funding. In managing this public resource to achieve the greatest possible public
benefit, the Gokulganga rural municipality must frequently make choices that
consider or require trade-offs.
2022
Following points should be considered in development of city roads-
• Balanced Road Network with road hierarchy as per estimated demand is proposed.
• Divided Road is strongly recommended for more than 3 lane roads in core market
area.
• City Bus is recommended for the routes joining regional bus parks, city bus
park and major places within city core.
• Environment friendly road furniture, street lamps at core municipality region and
green vegetation along the road side are recommended.
• It is recommended to upgrade, repair and necessary interventions as per this

RMTMP.
Parking
Parking is an integral part of the city’s transportation system. An appropriate balance

of supply and pricing of parking is necessary to support the viability of businesses and
integrity of residential neighborhoods. Management of the supply, location and price
of parking can be an effective way to influence travel behavior and encourage
alternative travel modes.
Within the commercial areas of municipality, on-street parking facilitates access to

businesses by customers and allows delivery and pick-up of goods. In this context,
on-street parking is typically shorter term and turnover of vehicles is encouraged
through limited duration parking meters and time limited parking and loading zones.
On-street parking in residential areas typically serves as longer-term accommodation
for vehicles of residents and their guests.
On-site parking is influenced by the city through its land use planning functions. The
Zoning Bylaw stipulates parking regulations for new developments based on land use
type. Currently, standard zoning requires a minimum number of parking stalls, but
there is no maximum limit on the number of stalls that can be provided. A review of
these standards will be conducted to ensure alignment with the city’s strategic goals.
Walking
Walking is the most fundamental form of transportation as almost all travel begins
and ends with a walking trip. Workability describes the extent to which citizens have
the opportunity to walk to get to everyday destinations for work, shopping, education
and recreation. Universally accessible (barrier free) sidewalks and multi-use trails are
the basic infrastructure necessary to enable walking in the public realm.
Complementing this basic infrastructure with neighborhood design that incorporates a
full range of destinations and higher residential densities provides for a more walkable
environment.
Since there are practical limitations to the range of walking trips, access to a good
quality public transportation system is essential to transport pedestrians over long
distances. Public transportation and pedestrian infrastructure should be well
integrated.
The level of year-round maintenance is an important factor in determining the 2022
accessibility of a pedestrian facility. This will become increasingly important as
population, ages, and is a factor in the mode choices made by individuals.
Following points should be considered regarding pedestrians walking-
• Exclusive foot path is strongly recommended along arterial roads.

• Foot path is strongly recommended where per hour pedestrian flow reached
100.
• Foot path is strongly recommended into city core at arterial, sub-arterial and
collector roads.
Cycling
Bicycles are the most energy efficient mode of transportation. Many of the vehicle
trips make every day are of a length that may be reasonably accomplished by bicycle.
Throughout the city, cycling routes are provided along wide curb lanes, bike lanes,
multi-use trails, granular trails and on-street bike routes. Encouraging cycling, and
constructing its related facilities, can help to create well-connected, livable
Communities as an essential part of Gokulganga. Maintenance of roadways, bike
lanes and trails are a key factor to the accessibility of the bicycle network in all
seasons.
Bicycling and transit are well suited as complementary modes of transportation.

Transit service and bicycle facilities should be integrated to provide cyclists with
reasonable alternatives for moderate and long-distance trips
REFERENCES 2022
 G. "National Urban Development Strategy (NUDS)," Government of Nepal,

Ministry of Urban Development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 2015.
 I. Worku, "Road Sector Development and Economic Growth in Ethiopia,"
Ethiopian Development Research Institute, 2011.
 GoN, "Municiplity Transport Master Plan (MTMP) Preparation Guidelines
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2014.
ANNEXES 1
Map 1: Administrative Boundary of Gokulganga rural municipality with Google Earth

Image
Map 2: Consolidated RMTPP Map showing Highway and Road Classes
Map 3: Consolidated RMTMP Map showing Status of Road Classes
Map 4: Consolidated RMTMP Map showing MRCN class
Map 5: Consolidated RMTMP Map showing Selected MRCN Roads
Map 6: School Locations Along with Road Network
Map 7: Waterways along with Road Network
Map 8: Health Center Locations Along with Road Network

RMTMP Gokulganga

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RMTMP Gokulganga

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Rural Municipality Transport Master Plan (RMTMP) Final Report

Gokulganga Rural Municipality

RURAL MUNICIPALITY TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN

Pass Consultant Pvt.Ltd

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2022

Gokulganga rural municipality is located in the north-eastern hilly terrain of

RANK CODE NAME COST

List of roads which should be managed from other funding sources

SN CODE NAME COST

115 310M02D101P Lahare Toll-Okhar Bot-Football Ground 366,640

116 310M02D2P sherpa tole-pariyar tole 428,480

There is a possibility of inter-connection with neighboring municipality as well as

The final output is presented in following sections as follows:

Rural Municipality Inventory Map (RMIM)

Table Of Contents 2022

Figure 1 Conceptual Framework of RMTMP Preparation ........................................ 21

Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION 2022

Gokulganga rural municipality is one of the rapidly growing rural municipalities

The aim of preparing such development plan are given below

The specific objectives are:

1.3 SCOPE OF WORK

The process of R MTMP preparation as envisaged under this assignment includes

Formulation of the Municipality Roads Coordination Committee (MRCC)

Secondary Sources of Information and Review of the existing RMTMP

Accessibility Data Collection and Analysis

Prepare the Indicative Development Potential Map (IDPM)

Collection of Demands for New/Upgrading/Rehabilitation Transport Linkages

Developing Scoring Criteria and its Approval from Municipality

Road classification and nomenclature

Preparation of Perspective Plan of Interventions of Services and Facilities

Analyze Fund Availability for Roads

Preparation of the Rural Municipality Transport Master Plan (RMTMP)

Prepare a Realistic Physical and Financial Implementation Plan of Prioritized

Chapter 2. STUDY APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY

2.1 GENERAL APPROACH

An integrated approach to solving problems by combining transport as well as non-

The accessibility is function of distance and traveling time, frequency of travel,

The methodology basically incorporated a participatory bottom-up approach which

Figure 1 Conceptual Framework of RMTMP Preparation

The Consultants efforts were comprehensively streamlined to meet the objectives of

•Secondary/Primary data collection identification of development potential area, marketing survey

•Preparing preliminary Road network planning based on inaccessible area Discuss

•Collection of technical and socio-economic data within the ZOI area of

•Collection of technical and socio-economic data within the ZOI area of

• Collection of technical and socio-economic data within the ZOI area

•End of Planning Stage

1.1 Collection and review of other Relevant Documents.

1.2 Collection and review of Maps

1.3 Collection and review of other socioeconomic aspects

1.4 Identification of existing and potential areas with development activities

3.0 Preparation of indicative Development Potential Map

4.0 Preparation of Rural Municipality Inventory Map (RMIM)

5.0 Preparation of Rural Municipality Network Plan (RMNP)

6.0 Financial resource Assessment and preparation

7.0 Preparation of perspective plan

8.0 Five year projected Financial Plan

9.0 Preparation of RMTMP

•Preparation of Indicative Development Potential

Planning andSynchronization of RMTPP of Adjoining Districts

Project Sensitization to Team

Collection and Review of Secondary Information

List of documents/ information collected and reviewed are:

Collected and referred Maps for the study are