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CHCCCS025 Model Answers - V1.1 - March 2017
CHCCCS025 Model Answers - V1.1 - March 2017
CHCCCS025 Model Answers - V1.1 - March 2017
MODE ONE
Model Answers
Student Name:
Industry validation of our programs via Intercare Training Industry Consultation committee
Industry validation of our assessment tools via Intercare Training Industry Consultation
committee
Trainer/ Assessor validations as scheduled in our programs register
Feedback from our clients and students is also encouraged to maintain currency and reflect any
changes within the industry.
Formative/Summative definitions:
Formative Assessment: Provides feedback to both trainer and student about progress both of the
course program and the individual. It does not necessarily contribute to formal outcomes, e.g.
certification.
Summative Assessment: Summative assessment is by contrast a high value function that evaluates
against a standard; it does contribute to formal outcomes.
Resources needed for the assessment
The assessment modes are designed for general classroom delivery with access to:
How you will be assessed / able to demonstrate competency for this unit
To demonstrate competence in this unit you must satisfactorily meet the requirements of this
Assessment Workbook and the Work Placement Log Book.
All submitted work must be your individual work. Intercare Training has a zero tolerance to cheating
and plagiarism. Where required, group work will be clearly indicated and each students required input
will be clearly documented.
This Assessment Workbook represents 1 (one) complete record of evidence consisting of various
Assessment Modes that may include further pieces of evidence to be developed by the student. These
Assessment Modes are reviewed by an Assessor and an outcome determined for each completed
submission.
INDIVIDUAL ASSESSMENT MODES can include:
MODE ONE (Summative)
This Assessment Mode is designed to capture required responses incorporating various methods
including:
Various question types such as short answers, multiple choice and True/False.
Written questions: Questions will be provided within this Assessment Mode; space is provided
for you to write your answers.
Verbal questions: Your Assessor may ask you a range of questions and record your answers in the
appropriate mode/s as required for assessment.
Pr Project
Project: - these will require gathering and interpreting information, research with analysis and
presentation of findings
This Assessment Mode will provide you with information for analysis and you will need to provide
a response in the form of written content (Project). Some research will be required by you the
student and you may need to complete and provide further or specific documents for additional
evidence. You will need to attach the documents that you create and any that you have gathered
from research, or from the simulated workplace, as part of the completed Project.
Pr Case Study
A Case Study will be provided for analysis and you will need to provide a response in the form of
written content. Some research will be required by you the student and you may need to
complete and provide further or specific documents for additional evidence. You will need to
attach the documents that you create and any that you have gathered from research.
Pr Scenario
A scenario will be provided for analysis and you will need to provide a response in the form of
written content. Some research will be required by you the student and you may need to
complete and provide further or specific documents for additional evidence. You will need to
attach the documents that you create and any that you have gathered from research.
Assessment Mode Two should be completed within structured work placement periods within
an approved Community Service Provider that is relevant to the course enrolled in such as a
Residential Aged Care Facility (RACF), Home and Community Care Service Provider, Disability
Service Provider.
Assessment Mode Two can be completed with the direct access and or use of any workplace
Standard Operating Procedures/Policies and or equipment required to satisfy the
demonstration of knowledge/skills.
It is expected that Assessment Mode Two will be completed in line with the students Training
Plan dates allocated at course commencement.
It is required that a student will consistently apply the required skills and knowledge
competently over a 120 hour period to complete this Assessment Mode.
Assessment Mode Two can only be completed via practical demonstration, simulated
environment or as the Training Package rules allow.
Reasonable adjustment can be applied in line with the Intercare Training reasonable
adjustment policy.
All references must be cited. Intercare prefer the APA referencing format.
These can be created in a table and attached on an additional sheet to the
relevant Assessment Workbook. Word has a references TAB see icon and
follow instructions. Also refer to the Intercare Referencing guide
Ask your Assessor if you require clarification and or assistance.
Satisfactory Outcome:
The Assessor has reviewed the Assessment Workbook against the requirements of the
Assessment Mode and is satisfied that all requirements have been met.
If you receive a Not Satisfactory outcome you will be given an opportunity to discuss and review with
your Assessor the area/s for improvement and resubmit the individual Assessment Mode as per
Assessor’s instructions.
If you receive a Satisfactory outcome for the individual Assessment Mode, then this outcome forms
one part of the requirement used to form a final judgement of competency for this unit.
How is Competency Judgement Made?
Competency judgement is made up of a combination of (2) two satisfactorily completed Assessment
Modes one within this Assessment Workbook and one within the Work Placement Log Book. The
Assessor, understanding the rules of evidence, is also able to make a determination of competency
for you the individual student factoring the need for reasonable adjustment as required.
Your suitability for this program has been determined at your Pre Training Review and again
at Enrolment. If at any point you feel that this program is not suitable you are able to
withdraw at any time. If this is the case please notify your trainer.
A zero tolerance to cheating and plagiarism is taken with Intercare Training.
If you the student are found to have cheated on any forms of assessment, including
plagiarism of another’s work, you will be required to re-sit an alternative assessment under
the supervision of an assessor to confirm competence in this unit.
You must satisfy the requirements for competency within this Assessment Workbook to
achieve a competency outcome.
It is highly recommend that you keep a copy of all assessment work that you submit.
Evidence provided by you is retained for our records and not returned to you.
The Assessor has reviewed the Assessment Workbook against the requirements of the
Not Satisfactory Outcome
Assessment Mode and is not satisfied that all requirements have been met.
I declare that the student and I have discussed the Assessment Tasks via verbal/written clarification as
Assessor Declaration listed above.
Assessor Signature
Student Signature
If verbal assessment is required you must write responses in RED pen where relevant.
DO NOT amend dates if possible. If you write in the wrong section you need to cross it out and rewrite
the correct information.
White out must not be used.
A student’s suitability for this program has been determined at their Pre Training Review
and again at Enrolment. If at any point you feel that this program is not suitable for the
student please discuss this with the student.
A zero tolerance to cheating and plagiarism is taken with Intercare Training.
If a student is found to have cheated on any forms of assessment, including plagiarism of
another’s work, they will be required to re-sit an alternative assessment under the
supervision of an assessor to confirm competence in this unit.
A Student must satisfy the requirements for competency within this Assessment Workbook
to achieve a competency outcome.
A Completed Assessment Workbook and any additional evidence provided by the student
is retained for our RTO records and is not returned to the student.
It is important that all areas of this Assessment Workbook are completed prior to submission to
the administration department for final outcome recording.
I have undertaken sufficient activities within this unit of competency and I am ready to
attempt the assessment required to demonstrate competency.
I understand the assessment framework and requirements that will be used by an Assessor
to make a formal judgement of my competency
Student Name
Student Signature
Carefully read the assessment task requirements detailed below and complete as instructed.
Completed Project and the required work sample evidence will need to be attached to the back of
this Assessment Workbook.
Please ask your Assessor to clarify if needed.
The following Assessment tasks are individual assessment and no group work is permitted.
The estimated completion timeframe is: ____________________
Submission date: _____________________________________
Assessment extensions can only be authorised by your Trainer.
Upon completion of this Assessment Mode’s requirements, the Assessor must complete and sign
the Assessment Mode Record of Result. Student is also required to sign to confirmation feedback
and understanding of Assessment outcome.
Assessment task 1:
Acknowledging the carer as part of the care team
1. What could you do to involve a carer in discussions and contributions to the care team’s
efforts?
2. What could the relationship be between the carer and the client?
4. What impact could a carer role have on the carer’s lifestyle and what type of support may be
offered to the carer?
5. List three (3) things a carer may do to support other members of a health care team?
6. List three (3) examples of ways the carer can complement the role of the worker.
Mrs Morris lives at home with her adult son James, with the assistance of a carer. When providing
respite care, a worker notices there is half a basket of ironing left to be done while she is at a Mrs
Morris’s home and the carer is out. Ironing is not mentioned in the care plan so the support worker
leaves the ironing alone.
1. Explain how the support worker has or has not stayed within the boundaries of their job role
and why. What action should they take?
Responses may include: As it is not stated on the care plan, you should not do it. You should
however speak to the carer about why it has not been done. Perhaps they don’t have time,
perhaps they are too tired. You can then speak to your supervisor and request extra time to
allow for ironing when required. It would then be added to the care plan.
2. The worker is asked by Mrs Morris’s son James, if she would like to go out for dinner and a
movie. The worker agrees to go out with James. Is this within the boundaries of the workers job
role? What implications does this action present?
Answer will depend on the legislation chosen but encourage students to find the Carers Recognition Act Formatted: Font: Not Bold
2012
b) How does the legislation or policy document describe a carer?
The Act defines a carer as someone who provides care to another person, and includes carers under the Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
age of 18. Carers can provide care for a person who:
has a disability
has a mental illness
has an ongoing medical condition
is an older person with care needs.
Care relationships also include those situations where a person is being cared for in a foster, kinship or
permanent care arrangement.
ITS (Aust) Pty Ltd Page 14 of 34
CHCCCS025 Model Answers_V1.1_March 2017
Support relationships with carers and families – Model Answers 15
c) What are the carer’s rights? Formatted: Font: (Default) +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font
Be recognised and respected as an individual, including your cultural identity color: Red
Be recognised and respected as part of the care relationship Formatted: Font: (Default) +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font
color: Red
Where appropriate, have a spy in decisions about care planning and care
Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
Have your needs understood and met
Receive support now and as your needs change Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
Be able to use what the Act and Charter say to support your relationship and use of services Formatted: Font: (Default) +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font
color: Red
Formatted
d) What support may be offered to assist carers?
Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
What services and support are available for people in care relationships?
Services and resources Formatted
Commonwealth Respite and Carelink Centres 1800 052 222 Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
Information for carers and other members of the community about community, aged care, Formatted
disability and other supports. Formatted
Carer card 1800 901 958 Formatted
A discounts and benefits card for Victoria’s primary carers. Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
Companion Card 1800 650 611
Formatted
A card for eligible people with a significant, permanent disability, who need attendant care
Formatted
support to access and participate in most community activities and venues.
Formatted
ARAFEMI Mental Health Carer Helpline 1300 550 265
Provides confidential information, support and referral for families, carers, and friends of people Formatted
with a mental illness, and advice for health professionals and other interested groups. Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
Respite Victoria (Disability Services respite) www.respitevictoria.org.au Formatted
Information about available disability respite services in local communities through an online Formatted
website. Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
Respite Seeker (mainly for carers of older people) www.respiteseeker.com.au Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
Information about local respite.
Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
National Dementia Helpline 1800 100 500
Formatted
Information, advice and other services for people with dementia, their families, friends and
carers. Formatted
Seniors Information Victoria 1300 135 090 Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
Information on services and support to help older people live at home. Formatted
Living at home, your choices. Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
A guide for older Victorians www.health.vic.gov.au/agedcare Formatted
Information to help older Victorians live well and safely at home. Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
Residential care, your choices. Formatted
A guide for older Victorians www.health.vic.gov.au/agedcare
Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
Information to help older Victorians make decisions about residential care.
Formatted
Post Placement Support Service (03) 9020 1833
Formatted
Provides education, training and support for professionals, agencies and parents, carers and
children connected in kinship care, permanent care and adoption. Formatted
Mirabel Foundation (03) 9527 9422 Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
Assists children orphaned or abandoned due to parental illicit drug use and in the care of Formatted
extended family (kinship care). Formatted
Grandparents Victoria (03) 9372 2422 Formatted
A community organisation of grandparents working together to shape a positive future for all Formatted: Font: +Body (Calibri), 11 pt, Font color: Red
grandchildren and to support grandparents in their role.
Formatted
Responses are DOCUMENT context specific:
Formatted
e) Should define scope of practice, client expectations and employer expectations –
considerate of time fractions and specific duties / care strategies / skills and offerings Formatted
f) Availability of live communication networks for carers requiring assistance – emergency Formatted
or otherwise Formatted: Indent: Left: 1.27 cm, No bullets or numberin
g) Effective training and client orientation for personnel in situ Formatted
ITS (Aust) Pty Ltd Page 15 of 34
CHCCCS025 Model Answers_V1.1_March 2017
Support relationships with carers and families – Model Answers 16
Charlie is in his mid 40’s and has a physical disability and uses a wheelchair to get around. All of his life
he has lived with his parents, whom he now finds to be over-protective, and he wishes to move to an
alternative and more independent form of accommodation.
Charlie has tried addressing this with his parents, but they refuse to accept that he may be capable of
living without their care. During such discussions his parent make him feel incompetent, lower his self-
esteem and upset him tremendously. His parents then claim that his reactions are a perfect example of
why he should not be living on his own. Charlie has asked his support worker to assist him in
communicating with his parents and pointing out why he wants to move into alternative
accommodation.
1. How would you ensure Charlie’s parents were included in and able to contribute to the planning
process?
2. How might the support plan demonstrate that is has been developed to meet the individual
needs of Charlie and his parents? What issues may you have to contend with when attempting
to meet the needs of both Charlie and his parents?
You could be disciplined by your employer (who may not be so appreciative of your
advocacy)…and act for the client’s parents, as the employer does not want to looselose a client
and associated funding for the said client
Display empathy not sympathy with the mode of care facilitated
Show respect, earn respect and trust via the client centered care approaches used with clients
Be professional, be safe, acquire a sound appreciation of policies, protocols and practices
expected in all contexts, with all clients
Become respected as a carer
Be timely, mature and reliable as a carer
Consider the client first and foremost in all care facilitated
Be inclusive in all communication strategies used
The carers role is to advocate on behalf of the client by maintain the respectful relationship with the
carers.
4. Briefly outline how you would resolve potential, achievable solutions to difficult issues for clients
and carers.
The caring role is a demanding one. The personal characteristics and circumstances of care-giver and
receiver, the nature and strength of their relationship, living arrangements and the level of support
available from social networks and formal services will affect a carer in some way.
1. What aspects and / or daily practices of a carer can have a negative impact on their own needs
and preferences?
2. How might these negative outcomes affect other family members of a carer?
Impact on others: Formatted: List Paragraph, Space Before: 0 pt, Bulleted +
Level: 1 + Aligned at: 0.63 cm + Indent at: 1.27 cm, Tab
Neglect stops: Not at 0.63 cm
Feelings of resentment
Relationship breakdown
Isolation
Carers Australia, My Aged Care, local GP, local council, counselling services, support networks, support
groups
4. List three (3) relevant agencies and referral networks for carer support services.
Northern Carers Network is a not for profit, grass roots, community organisation funded through the
State and Federal Government to provide support to Carers living in the northern metropolitan region
of Adelaide.
Our organisation is Carer driven, providing flexible and responsive support to assist Carers in
maintaining their health and well-being so they can continue in their caring role.
Our aim is to support Carers in their caring role, through counselling, information, support, advocacy,
respite and link them to appropriate services in their local community.
The Carers Victoria young carer team can help if you are at risk of leaving school or a vocational training
program early because of your caring responsibilities.
You may frequently miss school or not have time to finish homework. You may feel distracted or
unconnected with your teachers and other students. You may even be considering leaving school because
you find it hard to cope.
Lung Cancer Network Australia (LCNA) aims to empower lung cancer patients, their families and carers
with reliable information, support and advocacy, no matter who they are and where they live.
Your client has arthritis in both hands but insists on buttoning his own shirt. This takes quite some time
and you are running late for your morning break. You take over and do up the buttons for your client in
order to be on time for your break.
1. Has a strength-solution based outcome to this issue been achieved? What would you suggest?
It would not be appropriate for the client to be dressed in a hurry. Would equate with a loss of
independence, perhaps frustration for both parties. Carer should leave to catch the bus and
support worker may take over and supervise client dressing herself. Both needs met. To
maintain a sense of independence and empowerment they should be allowed to do up their own
buttons. You should manage your time better.
Each time a support worker visits a client’s home, she picks up the dirty clothes from the bedroom floor
as she is concerned about the client tripping.
2. Has a strength-solution based outcome to this issue been achieved? What would you suggest?
Rather than pick up after your client, why not provide/suggest a laundry basket that is easily
accessible to the client can throw clothes into the basket rather than on the floor.
a) Informal Carer
Persons whom offer care, that have personal experience and skill, not formally trained as such,
and are able to attend to all care needs
b) Ageing Carer
Ageing carers of people with a disability: one example could be ageing parents of a person with
Down syndrome. The parents could be 83 years of age and their child could be 60 years of age
c) Young Carer
Could be school age children who care for a disabled single parent following a car accident
A member of a family who cares for a relative, distant or close relative; who may not be formally
trained but are able to provide the care needed
Dahlia is a support worker at an overnight respite facility for people with dementia. She always greets
the clients when they arrive and spends a little time with each of the carers who drops them off, having
a chat about how things are going, how the person with dementia has been and whether there are any
issues that staff need to be aware of while they are providing respite care for the person.
One a month, Terry brings his wife Margaret to stay for two nights to give him a break from his caring
role. They have been using the overnight program for just over a year, so Dahlia has gotten to know
them well.
Over the last few months Dahlia has noticed that Terry seems to be short with his wife Margaret,
hurrying her into the centre. Dahlia notices that Terry is looking dishevelled-like he hasn’t ironed his
clothes of brushed is hair. Normally Dahlia chats with Terry he tells her about his bowls and golf but he
hasn’t mentioned them for the last few visits. This month he tells Dahlia that he should take his mobile
phone off the records as he has been disconnected.
1. What warning signs has Dahlia observed that may indicate Terry’s caring role is having a
negative impact on his lifestyle?
3. What should Dahlia do with the information she gains from her observation of possible
negative outcomes?
Set aside some time to talk with Terry / cup of tea and a biscuit… when Terry is able to do
so….and explore his experiences…use: effective listening, empathetic communicative strategies
and assist with ‘unpacking’ his thoughts, feelings, issues and what may be ‘going on’ in his life.
If beyond scope of practice; suggest some other persons or groups/Authorities that can provide
more intense/professional specific counselling or activities
Responses may include:
Anne cares for her father Bill on a fulltime basis. Both Anne and her husband George have been feeling
very tired and in need of care themselves. Due to the workload, personal carers were unable to
provide more than words of support. Anne and George were undemanding but is was becoming
increasingly clear that they were in need of support. Anne and George have not had any time alone as
a couple for three months due to Anne putting her father’s needs first and foremost.
1. What strategies could be used to support family members like Anne and George?
Information about where Anne and George may be able to go for a holiday together – to
reconnect as a couple - whilst relative is in respite
Like-minded people who are experiencing similar situations – self-help support groups –
information about and how they may join such groups
You could ask them about what their hobbies and interests are. You could show and interest and they
may start to become enthusiastic again about their previous interests. You may even suggest a club,
group (e.g. – book club, knitting group, dance class) that you have seen in the local area and give them
information about cost, time etc.
2. Briefly describe two (2) ways a carer could be assisted to help achieve positive lifestyle outcomes
to help them stay in their caring role.
Carer: Frustration, impatience, lack of sleep, stress, poor diet, emotion well being suffering,
worst case scenario - mental illness e.g. Depression, mood changes, anger, short tempered,
relationship failure, loss of friendships, no social life, financial hardship and home environment
suffering e.g. No maintenance being done
Cared For: Impatience, declining health, mental illness e.g., anxiety disorders, loss of ambulatory
and/or continence capacity, grief, radical decline in level of social interaction, more demanding,
increase in the level of personal hygiene care required and possibly requiring palliation
2. What are the key risks to the caregiver and care recipients’ relationship breaking down?
Breakdown in conventional and sound family dynamics, neglect with younger children, non-
existent sexual relationship with partner, radical decline in communication between all family
member, poor temper and anger management control due to lack of sleep, decline in emotional
and general health overall – due to decline in diet and lack of sleep, weight control issues, lack of
energy and apathy. Loss of friendships and interactions between family members and extended
family members, school age children will have issues regarding their studies, home work and
results declining at school. Generally, the frequency of family illness will increase too
3. If there is a risk of a relationship breakdown, list three things that may be written into a client’s
individualised plan when being reassessed or reviewed?
Carer risks: Impatience, anger, tiredness, ill health, possible onset of mental illness (depression),
social isolation, fatigue and loss of friendships / family relationships in general. Lack of time to
devote to self and others.
Care recipients : Lack of time, availability, decline in capacity / skill to provide the level of care
required, illness of carer, financial hardship experienced by carer and carer’s family, competing
demands of cared for and carer’s other obligations, to self and others
1. Consider the context for caring in Australia and research the internet to provide information for
the following:
a) carer demographics
Caring responsibilities can impact on a person’s work and life more generally, particularly for women carers. In
Australia, women comprise 92 per cent of primary carers for children with disability, 70 per cent of the
primary carers for parents, and around half (52 per cent) of the primary carers for partners.2 Men constitute a
significant proportion (48 per cent) of the primary carers for partners, particularly in older age.
The labour force participation rate for women aged 15-64 years is 70.6 per cent, compared to 82.4 per cent for
men. Among employed women 15 years and over, 45.8 per cent work part time compared to 16.5 per cent of
employed men. The employment rates of female parents are 39 percentage points lower than male parents
who had a youngest child under six years. Across all age groups, less than 23 per cent of female primary carers
of people with disability, illness or frailty participate are in full-time employment at any point.
Undertaking periods of unpaid care can also affect financial security in older age. The superannuation system
in Australia, which is tied to paid employment, financially disadvantages people who take time out of the
workforce for caring responsibilities. Estimates from 2009-2010 suggest that the average (mean)
superannuation payouts for women are just over half (57 per cent) those of men.
Caring relationships and roles are diverse. Each care situation is unique and may emerge and change across
the life course. Caring responsibilities can include caring for young children, for children or adults with
disability, mental illness, chronic illness, or for older people. Carers can be women or men, who are parents
of young children, guardians, adult children, relatives, friends, or neighbours. For many, this can mean having
multiple caring responsibilities over the course of a lifetime.
The nature of unpaid care can take many forms. Some caring responsibilities are predictable or can be
anticipated in advance. Other caring responsibilities are less predictable, require immediate attention or are of
an irregular nature. The nature of caring responsibilities may also change over time – the type of care,
intensity of care, length of time caring, level of support available or the person/s being cared for.
d) different pathways into service settings for the person and the implications for carers, families and
friends
Pathways include:
Through your local GP, via a counselling service, via ACAT, via a support group
Below is the ‘blurb’ from ‘My Aged Care’ website about how they can provide help for carers.
For most people, growing older means there are times you find it difficult to manage day-to-day living
activities. You may need help, or you may be caring for a family member or a friend who needs help, but you
just don’t know where to start or what help you can get.
There are different types of aged care services to support you, whatever your needs. When you call My Aged
Care, our contact centre staff will ask you questions to help us understand your needs.
My Aged Care helps you find the information you need about aged care services.
This can be as simple as calling the My Aged Care contact centre on 1800 200 422 or reading this website. My
Aged Care provides you with information about:
To help you find the right services, the contact centre will ask for your consent to create a personalised client
record. A client record holds up to date information on your needs and any services you receive. The client
record will reduce the need for you to retell your story to the contact centre, assessors and service providers.
2. Briefly explain the rights, roles and responsibilities of different people in the care relationship:
a) the person
b) family members
Recognition and respect of the carer as well as the person being cared for
c) friends
Recognition and respect of the carer as well as the person being cared for
d) support worker
To be respected, to provide quality care, to
3. Briefly explain the impact of the caring role on family, carers and friends?
People who care for a family member or friend say there are many rewards:
The opportunity for personal growth and the development of new skills
Proving to yourself that you can meet new challenges
The satisfaction of knowing you have you have helped someone who needs you and done the
best you could to improve their quality of life
Strengthening the relationship with the person you care for and knowing how much they
appreciate your help
Receiving the acknowledgement of your family and friends
Challenges of caring
Caring can be very demanding and often restricts the lives of individual carers and their families.
Carers Victoria believes that our society relies too heavily on the care provided by caring families. We
advocate for practical reforms that will help protect carers from the problems too often associated with
caring.
Financial hardship
50% of primary carers are on a low income and many find it hard to cover living expenses, save
money or build up superannuation
The extra costs of caring can be enormous. Caring families often have to find money for extra
expenses like heating and laundry, medicines, disability aids, health care and transport.
Caring can be emotionally taxing and physically draining. Carers have the lowest wellbeing of any
large group measured by the Australian Unity Wellbeing index.
Carers often ignore their own health and are 40% more likely to suffer from a chronic health
condition. Some health problems, like back problems, anxiety and depression, can be directly
linked to caring.
Many carers are chronically tired and desperately need to refresh with just one night of unbroken
sleep, a day off or an extended period with no caring responsibilities
Many carers feel isolated, missing the social opportunities associated with work, recreation and
leisure activities
The demands of caring can leave little time for other family members or friends
Carers often have to deal with strong emotions, like anger, guilt, grief and distress that can spill
into other relationships and cause conflict and frustration.
Disadvantage
Many carers miss out on important life opportunities, particularly for paid work, a career and
education
Caring can take the freedom and spontaneity out of life
4. Consider life cycle transitions and provide two (2) examples for each of the following:
a) types of transitions
Unexpected events which serve as transition points, producing big shifts in the functioning of a family.
These may include:
parental separation;
parents establishing new relationships;
illness;
unexpected death;
unemployment;
financial difficulties;
onset of mental illness;
violence;
events related to drug addiction.
Anticipated Transitions: The anticipated is a transition that is expected to occur in an adult’s life. Often
these transitions are planned and believed to be part of the natural life cycle. Within cultures these
transition points can be fairly predictable. Examples of this type of transition are graduating from school,
finding a job, getting married, having a children. The timing of the anticipated transitions can impact the
potential for learning. If the transition occurs close to the expected time, based on the normative pattern
found in the context in which it is occurring more support may be available to the individual to work
through the transition. For example, having children when others in our social circle are having children
provides us with support through a common experience. If the transition occurs at time that is not in
keeping with the normative pattern, the individual may find there is little support available and this
transition may become a crisis.
Unanticipated Transitions: A second type of transition is the Unanticipated Transition. This type of
transition involves events that are not expected and do not follow any particular time line in an adult’s
life. Examples may include becoming ill, having a car accident that causes you to be unable to work or the
downsizing of a company resulting in job loss. What is interesting about this type of transition is that it
may be much more stressful than an anticipated transition but the potential for learning and personal
growth may be greater than when experiencing an anticipated transition.
Nonevent Transitions: Nonevent transitions are those transitions that we expect to occur but do
not. Examples include, not having children, when you had always expected to become a parent or
expecting to be able to retire at sixty only to realize that you unable due to personal finances. Merriam
points out that this type of transition has not really been recognized by educators, but may be significant
in stimulating learning. There are four types of nonevent transitions. The first, personal nonevents, are
those events that one expects to experience in their life but do not occur. An example may be getting
married and having a family. The second type is a ripple event. These events are the results of someone
close to us not having their personal expectations met. For example a spouse or partner not completing
an educational program or not getting a promotion at work. Resultant nonvevents are not directly
experienced by the individual but are the results of decisions made by those close to the individual. For
example, a child leaving school and moving back home because of financial difficulties. The fourth type,
delayed nonevent transitions, are those events that have not occurred in the time frame expected but
occur at a later date. An example of the type of transition would be having a child later in life.
Sleeper Transition: A final type, the sleeper transition, occurs gradually and the individual may not be
aware of the progression. This might involve becoming more competent in the skills needed to complete
an academic program or a new job, or parenting. This also could take on a negative form and for example
the ending of a relationship.
All transitions have a common impact in that our roles, relationships and routines have been altered. It is
not the type of transition that is critical, but how it changes the relationships, roles and assumptions of
the individual experiencing the transition. This may explain why, even when we choose the transition, it
still may be upsetting.
5. Briefly explain the following current service delivery philosophy and models in relation to the
following:
6. Provide three (3) examples of organisation policies and procedures in relation to carers and
families.
To be respected
To have the right to privacy and confidentiality
To be included in decisions
To have the right to complain about services
7. Briefly explain the legal and ethical requirements for working with carers and families and how
these are applied in an organisation and individual practice providing two (2) examples for each
of the following:
a) discrimination
It is essential that workers be fair and consistent when working with clients/carers. This means not letting
your personal biases and opinions impact on the way you interact with clients/carers, regardless of their
race, culture, religion, gender, age, disability or even the way they look. If we treat some clients/carers
differently based on any of the areas mentioned above then we are being discriminatory. Discrimination
is illegal in Australia—you can be sued if you discriminate against people in any of these ways.
It is essential you know about the anti-discrimination laws that exist in Australia if you intend to work as a
direct care worker with older people and people with disabilities. Anti-discrimination also forms part of a
direct care workers’ requirements for working in an ethical and professional manner.
Every carers has the right to privacy. Confidentiality is the protection of personal information.
Confidentiality applies to all information that a client/carer or other care worker tells you verbally or gives
you in writing. It also applies to things that you learn through observation. All information in a person’s
health care record or file is confidential and may not be disclosed without permission from the
client/carer or their guardian. Information may be shared with other team members but only when they
need the information in order to provide proper care.
Only the client/carer has the right to decide who to share their personal information with.
Workers in the CSI are often faced with situations that require and ability to make good ethical decisions.
Management has a responsibility to develop policies and procedures within their organisation and ensure
practice that reflects the values, mission and purpose of the organisation.
An ethical organisation has a clear set of values and principles that direct that everyone undertakes their
role. That is why it is so important to have ethical standards, so that we are operating by a professional
set of guidelines, not what we personally think is right or wrong.
Each professional discipline or its professional association, e.g. social work, psychology, nursing, welfare
work, etc., has its own particular code of ethics and/or code of conduct. All members are required to
abide by their own professional code of ethics and sanctions may be applied by the professional body for
breaches of these codes. Ethical codes are usually broad and encompass key areas of concern for the
particular type of work being performed. By clarifying what ethical conduct is supposed to be, professions
show commitment to a moral standard of behaviour.
As well as professional codes of ethical behaviour, some services also require their workers to comply
with additional and more specific guidelines in keeping with the needs of that particular community
and/or agency. For example, child care services and services for people with disabilities have particular
requirements or standards, as does the aged care industry. All ethical code requirements are based on
respect for the carer/client, care and protection for the carer/client where required, and appropriate
behaviour towards the carer/client at all times.
Workers are in a relationship of trust with their clients and often also with the families of clients. This
important relationship can be easily damaged. Workers often face situations that involve a conflict
between the needs or behaviours of others and their professional and personal values, called ‘ethical
dilemmas’.
Assessment Guide
Satisfactory The Assessor has reviewed the Assessment Workbook against the requirements of the
Outcome Assessment Mode and is satisfied that all requirements have been met.
The Assessor has reviewed the Assessment Workbook against the requirements of the
Not Satisfactory Outcome
Assessment Mode and is not satisfied that all requirements have been met.
I declare that the student and I have discussed the Assessment Tasks via verbal/written clarification as
Assessor Declaration listed above.
Assessor Signature
Student Signature
Student Declaration
I agree with the reasonable adjustment made as listed above and I was consulted in the
adjustments made to suit my individual needs.
Student
Signature
Date
Assessor Declaration
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Assessor
Signature
Date
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