LITERATURE STUDY CHAPTER-II

Submitted By

G.Darshini

21271NF003
What is Pre-Construction?
What is pre-construction? As the name suggests, pre-construction is what
comes before construction. It’s the planning phase, in which you, the home
designer, and the client work together closely. It’s all about making sure
everyone is on the same page with the vision for the completed project.

Pre-construction activities include refining the design of the home,

establishing timeline expectations, providing cost estimates, and
troubleshooting any potential construction issues. This phase typically involves
several meetings with designers and clients, as well as a lot of back-and-forth
communication.

To put it in construction terms, the pre-construction phase is like the

foundation of a home. It sets up the stability of the entire project.

Why is the Pre-Construction Phase Important?

We know what the process is, but why is solid pre-construction management
important?

There’s no overstating it: pre-construction is essential to the success of any

home building project. In this phase, you begin by evaluating the home
design for constructability and refining it if you encounter any potential
problems. Now, imagine if you didn’t identify a problem that was going to
render the entire project impossible to build?

Then, of course, you have the benefit of setting expectations. Any

construction professional can tell you that client expectations can quickly get
out of hand during construction. It’s understandable — they’re excited about
their new home — but in pre-construction, you can mitigate this issue by
laying out clear timelines and cost estimates.

11-Step Pre-Construction Process for Builders

There’s only one part of home building that is more important than the actual
construction. It’s called pre-construction, and it’s an essential phase of any
construction project that lays the groundwork for a project’s success.

Get part of the pre-construction phase wrong, and you risk getting the entire
project wrong and losing business. But get it right, and you’re set up for
success and business growth.

Here’s what you need to know about the pre-construction process, including
the steps you need to follow every single time.
On the nuts-and-bolts side of things, you also find all your subcontractors and
source equipment and building materials as part of the pre-construction
process. Taking care of these essential to-dos before construction begins
saves on time, money, and stress.

Main Outcomes of Pre-Construction Planning

If you engage in all of the necessary pre-construction activities, you should
expect the following outcomes:

 Scope. All involved parties will understand the project in its entirety, including
who is responsible for which tasks, the overall goals, and the plans to achieve
them.
 Budget. No one should have any questions about the estimated project
budget after pre-construction is over. This is the time to discuss the costs of
materials and labour, how to stay within the budget and what to do when
the project may exceed the budget.
 Team. Which of your employees will build this home? Who will oversee them?
And who will the subcontractors be? All of these questions must be answered
in the pre-construction process.
 Timeline. Establish more than just a completion date during the pre-
construction phase. Set specific deadlines for each phase of the home
building project so no one is left in the dark and everyone is accountable.
 Details. There are a million little details involved in every construction project.
During pre-construction, you should attempt to sort out as many of these as
possible so you can focus on the actual construction later. Look at details like
layout, building materials, the overall style of the home, and more.

11-Step Pre-Construction Process

Pre-construction planning is an incredibly complex part of construction as a
whole. It’s easy to get overwhelmed when you look at the task in its entirety.
But if you break pre-construction down into manageable steps, it’s easy
enough to handle.

Here are 11 essential steps of the pre-construction process:

1. Construction scope
Before you do anything else, you need to establish the scope of the project
you are planning for. Scope can mean a lot of different things, but in pre-
construction, scope refers specifically to defining the following:

 Exactly what the project is (home, office, cabin, etc.)

 The size of the lot and the structure
 The limitations of the project
 The objectives that, if met, will make the project a success.

Many of these points may seem obvious right from the beginning, but it’s still
important to write them down and discuss them in detail with all project
stakeholders.
2. Construction team
Some of your team members are best suited for specific types of projects.
Some work well together, while others need to remain on separate projects.
As the leader of your construction business, it’s up to you to assemble the
team that will be best equipped to complete the project on time, within
budget, and with the high degree of quality your customers expect.

It’s important to select the team members early on in pre-construction

because they will then become involved in many of the remaining steps in
the pre-construction process. You can’t — and shouldn’t — do it all alone,
and if you pick the right team, you don’t have to.

While you won’t hand-select subcontractors at this point in the process,

identifying several subcontractors who have what it takes to complete the
various parts of the project you will need them for is essential at this stage.
With a strong list of subcontractors who have expressed interest in the project
at hand, you can prepare bid packages and rest assured that the jobs will
get done.

3. Construction budget
Budget is key throughout any construction project, but it’s particularly
important in the pre-construction stage. Why? Because this is the first time the
customer will get a confirmed expectation of what they’re going to have to
spend, and it sets the tone for the rest of the project.

Establishing the budget is tricky. You have to consider a wide variety of

factors, including the costs of labour, various materials, transportation,
equipment purchases, rentals, and more. Give an estimated budget range
instead of an exact figure. That way, you have some wiggle room without
immediately disappointing the customer.

4. Construction development plan

Nothing gets done without a plan — and that includes homebuilding. Pre-
construction is the perfect time to start planning out the various phases of the
actual construction of the building. You need to lay out what has to be done
to turn the building materials into the actual building, dividing it all into
defined stages with hard deadlines. Consider the following phases in your
construction development plan:

 Site preparation and foundation

 Rough framing
 Electrical, plumbing, and HVAC.
 Insulation
 Interior fixtures and drywall
 Outdoor walkways and the driveway
 Flooring and countertops
 Exterior fixtures
 Roofing
5. Construction design
Depending on exactly what type of construction business you operate, your
client may or may not come to you with a rough home design. If you’re a
design-build operation, you will be completely responsible for the design, but
other construction businesses may work with designs by third parties.

6. Construction materials
Where are the actual building materials going to come from? What are they
going to be? How much will they cost? If you don’t answer questions like
these during the pre-construction process, you are almost certainly going to
run into problems later on. Answer the questions and order the materials
during this step.

7. Construction permits
Assessing which permits the project will require and acquiring them is essential
during pre-construction. That’s because a permitting issue can bring
construction to a grinding halt and, in the worst cases, make the project
impossible to complete. Find out which permits you will need and how long it
will take to get them. Then, start the process of acquiring the permits.

8. Construction scheduling
You have already defined the phases of the construction process. Now, it’s
time to schedule everything. This pre-construction step will require working
with your team to schedule the phases of the project and reaching out to
subcontractors to make sure they will be able to complete their work at times
that work for the project. You will also need to consider permitting, inspection,
and customer review as you make the project schedule.

9. Construction essential tasks

With the major points covered in the previous steps of the pre-construction
process, you will feel a lot of relief, but you won’t be done yet. Dozens of
smaller — but still essential tasks — remain. This is the time to get them done.
Here are some examples:

 Soil testing
 Rounding up outstanding permits
 Submitting the construction plan to the city or county

10. Construction inspections

While the bulk of inspections on any home construction project will occur
during or even after construction, you still need to address a handful of
inspections during the pre-construction phase. Each municipality has its
requirements for pre-construction inspections, but common types include
surveying of the condition of the property, environmental impact analyses,
and building plan inspections for safety and adherence to local ordinances.
11. Project communication
Communication is the final step of the pre-construction process, but it really
should be a part of every one of the previous steps — and continue into the
actual construction phase. In pre-construction, communication is essential.
Clients, subcontractors, designers, city officials, and various other parties
need to know what’s going on and how it impacts them.
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