Fluid Mechanics EQUATIONS

DEFINITION OF TERMS  Archimedes’ Principle

1. Fluid Mechanics
 It is the branch of physics concerned with
the mechanics of fluids (liquids, gases, and
plasmas) and the forces on them.  Pascals’ Principle
2. Fluid
 any liquid or gas or generally any material
that cannot sustain a tangential, or shearing,
force when at rest and that undergoes a
 Density
continuous change in shape when subjected
to such a stress
3. Fluid Statics
 Bernoulli’s Equation
 The fluid which is in state of rest is called as
static fluid and its study is called as fluid
statics.
4. Fluid Dynamics
 The branch of science which studies the
effect of all pressures including the external
pressures on the moving fluid is called as
fluid dynamics. SAMPLE PROBLEMS
5. Density
 defined as mass per unit volume 1. What is the density in g/mL of a 0.4 L of
6. Pressure solution weighing 150 grams.
 the amount of force exerted on a given area. Given: Find:
7. Atmospheric pressure
 it is the force exerted on a surface by the
air above its gravity pulls it to Earth. Solution:
8. Pascal's principle
 Pascal's law says that pressure applied to an
enclosed fluid will be transmitted without a
change in magnitude to every point of the
fluid and to the walls of the container.
9. Buoyant force 2. A rectangular block of wood has a mass of
 the buoyant force is the upward force 130kg and dimensions of the block are 21cm,
exerted on an object wholly or partly 50cm and 62cm. The block of the wood is
immersed in a fluid. placed at the bottom of a tank filled with
10. Archimedes Law water (p = 1000 kg/m3). What is the upward
 The upward buoyant force that is exerted on buoyant force?
a body immersed in a fluid Given: Find:
11. Bernoulli's Equation
 a relation between pressure, kinetic energy,
and gravitational potential energy of a fluid
in a container.
Solution:

3. The hydraulic lift has a large cross section

and a small cross section. Large cross -
 sectional area is 27 times the small cross-
sectional area. If on the small cross section
is given an input force of 38 N, then
determine the output force.
Given: Find:

Solution:

QUIZ

1. It is the branch of physics concerned with the

mechanics of fluids and the forces on them.

2. It is the force exerted on a surface by the air

above it as gravity pulls it to earth.

3. This law states that pressure applied to an

enclosed fluid will be transmitted without a change
in magnitude to every point of the fluid and to the
walls of the container.

4. A relation between pressure, kinetic energy, and

gravitational potential energy of a fluid in a
container.

5. Any liquid or gas or generally any material that

cannot sustain a tangential or shearing, force when
at rest and.that undergoes a continuous change in
shape when subjected to such a stress.